• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.208-214
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• 2009

이 연구의 목적은 서로 다른 두 개의 근관 크기(#70, #120)를 가진 레진 모형에 MTA (minoral trioxide aggregate)를 서로 다른 두 가지 방법 (수기구 충전(HC), 초음파 보조 수기구 충전(UAHC))으로 정방위 충전하고 MTA apical plug의 미세 누출을 평가하는 것이다. 직선형 근관 형태를 가지며, #70과 #120의 치근단 크기를 갖는 레진 모형을 각각 30개씩 준비하였다. 이 시편들을 MTA의 적용 방법에 따라 각 군을 2개의 아군으로 다음과 같이 분류하였다 (n=15); C70: HC + 치근단 크기 #70, C120: HC + 치근단 크기 #120, U70: UAHC + 치근단 크기 #70, U120: UAHC + 치근단 크기 #120. MTA 충전을 완료한 후에, 24시간 동안 실온에서 100% 습도를 유지하여 경화시켰다. 근관의 상부는 열연화 충전 시스템(Obtura II)을 이용하여 충전하였다. 48시간 동안 100% 습도를 유지하여 실온에서 0.2% rhodamine B 용액을 이용해 미세누출 실험을 하였다. 이 연구결과 #70의 치근단 크기를 갖는 그룹 사이에서 UAHC가 HC에 비해 미세누출이 적은 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 이 연구 조건하에서는 초음파 진동을 동반한 정방위 MTA apical plug 형성 방법이, 특히 좁은 근관에서 더 효율적인 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2006

Objectives : The aim was to study experimentally the effects of YUKWOOLTANG(li${\`{u}}$y${\`{u}}$-t${\={a}}$ng; YWT) induced by sodium levothyroxine. Methods : Spargue-Dawley rats were separated into four groups. Except normal group, the other three groups were treated with sodium levothyroxine $32{\mu}g$/200g for 5 days. Among the three groups, two except one(as control group) were treated YWT extract separately(sample A:75mg/200 g, sample B: 150mg/200 g ). T3-uptake, T3, T4, r-TSH, total cholesterol, total protein change in the serum of rats were measured after medication of solid extract of YWT. Results : As a result of this study, in the serum T3-uptake content, sample A showed significant decrease in comparison with control group, but sample B group did not show significant decrease. 2. In the serum T3 content, sample B showed significant decrease in comparison with control group. In the serum T4 content, YWT showed significant decrease in comparison with control group. The serum r-TSH was shown with valuable increase in sample B of YWT. The serum total cholesterol was not shown with valuable increase in YWT. The serum total protein was shown with valuable increase in YWT. Conclusion : These results suggest that YWT is effective to cure Hyperthyroidism.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.539-548
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of supplemental vitamin D on the physiological indices, muscle mass, and physical functions of aged women. Methods: A non-equivalent pretest-posttest design was used. The participants were 65 elderly women with low serum vitamin D levels. This study was conducted for 12 weeks. The experimental group (n=34) received vitamin D and regular exercise whereas the control group (n=31) received only regular exercise. The data were analyzed by the IBM PASW Statistics (SPSS) 19.0 program. Results: Serum vitamin D (U=0.00, p<.001), parathyroid hormone (U=99.50, p<.001) and calcium (U=250.50, p<.001) levels were significantly increased in the experimental group after the intervention. The experimental group showed significantly increased scores of muscle mass, strength, physical balance, and gait compared to those of the control group. Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation improved physiological indices, muscle mass, and physical functions. In addition, this program may help to prevent disorders of the musculoskeletal system in aged women.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.161-169
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of speech intelligibility of spontaneous speech and the vowel space parameters in patients with Parkinson's disease. Ten PD patients (M=5, F=5) and a corresponding control group of ten normal adults participated in this study. Firstly, subjects were asked to tell a story about their hometown and youth in order to analyze speech intelligibility. Secondly, the subjects were also asked to repeat four vowels (/a/, /i/, /u/, /e/) five times in order to compare their vowel spaces. The results were as follows: (1) the speech intelligibility of the PD group was lower than that of the control group. (2) Four parameters including vowel area, vowel articulatory index, formant centralization ratio, F2i/F1u ratio were significantly different in each group. For instance, vowel area and F2 ratio were wider and higher, respectively. As a result, a decrease in speech intelligibility of patients with PD is likely to show different types of errors from the normal group. The results of this research are meaningful in a sense that they could provide the objective standard of speech intelligibility and vowel space parameters.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.34-44
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this research was to find out the efficacy of Castanea crenata Inner Shell (CCIS) distilled herbal medicine on the skin by comparing the difference effect between only simple distilled water and the CCIS distilled herbal medicine application after MTS (microneedle therapy system) treatment. Methods: The present author performed once a week and total 4 times of MTS treatment. The treatment time took about 5~10 minutes and the depth of the needle was adjusted according to the participant's skin condition. In the control group, simple distilled water was applied after MTS and in the experimental group, CCIS distilled herbal medicine was applied. One week after each treatment, the change of skin condition was measured. Two weeks after the end of the clinical trial, the skin condition was checked again. Results: In the case of the test group, there was a significant decrease in pore size and there was a significant increase in U-zone oil, skin tone and elasticity. The test group using distilled herbal medicine showed a significant effect on facial skin compared to the control group using only simple distilled water. Conclusion: Distilled herbal medicine showed an effective action on facial skin. In the case of CCIS distilled herbal medicine, it was found to have a significant effect on U-zone oil content, skin tone, pores, and skin elasticity.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2008

이 연구는 Clearfil SE Bond를 거친 법랑질 표면에 적용할 때, 자가부식 프라이머의 적용방식 (능동적인 또는 수동적인)과 접착레진의 도포회수 (1회 또는 2회)가 법랑질의 결합강도에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 시행하였다. 16개의 발거된 대구치 치관의 협면이나 설면에서 법랑질 절편을 만들어 4개의 군으로 배정한 다음, 1군은 프라이머를 수동적으로 적용한 후 접착레진을 1회 도포하였고, 2군은 프라이머를 능동적으로 적용한 후 접착레진을 1회 도포하였고, 3군은 프라이머를 수동적으로 적용한 후 접착레진을 2회 도포하였고, 4군은 프라이머를 능동적으로 적용한 후 접착레진을 2회 도포하였다. 적용된 접착레진을 10초간 광조사한 후, 법랑질 표면에 2-3개의 Tygon tube를 위치시키고 Clearfil AP-X를 충전하고 40초간 광조사 하였다. Universal testing machine을 이용하여 법랑질 표면에서 복합레진이 파절될 까지 분당 1.0 mm의 cross-head speed로 전단하중을 가하고 통계적으로 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 거친 법랑질에 대한 Clearfil SE Bond의 미세전단 결합강도는 자가부식 프라이머의 적용방식 보다는 접착레진의 도포회수에 의해 증가할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.99-101
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• 2005

The effect of treatment with pine needle oil upon rat hepatocytes exposed to alcohol was investigated. The body weight gain, ratio of liver and kidney to body weight, and serum biochemistry of rats administered both alcohol and pine needle oil were compared to control rats treated with alcohol alone. Normal untreated control rats, negative control rats with ethanol treatment, positive control rats with both alcohol and the commercially available hangover cure solution (HCS) treatment and the test group with both alcohol and pine needle oil treatment exhibited aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels of $84.43{\pm}47.88\;U/L$, $254.57{\pm}463.20\;U/L$, $70.29{\pm}12.60\;U/L$ and $67.00{\pm}5.06\;U/L$, respectively, and cholesterol levels of $95.71{\pm}6.86\;mg/dl$, $113.80{\pm}38.19\;mg/dl$, $91.57{\pm}6.30\;mg/dl$ and $82.29{\pm}4.98\;mg/dl$, respectively. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were $44.00{\pm}9.04\;U/L$ in normal untreated control rats, increased to $215.43{\pm}428.93\;U/L$ with the administration of ethanol, but interestingly were significantly reduced to $37.83{\pm}6.57\;U/L$ in the test group (p<0.05). Triglyceride (TG) levels were $39.57{\pm}8.62\;mg/dl$ in normal untreated rats, increased to $73.71{\pm}61.20\;mg/dl$ in rats administered alcohol, but were reduced to $26.14{\pm}4.82\;mg/dl$ in the test group (p<0.0l). The pine needle oil treatment significantly reduced the levels of AST, ALT and TG compared to the control rats. These results indicate that pine needle oil can positively mediate the effects of alcohol on hepatocytes and general liver functions.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.241-253
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• 2023

Objective: To evaluate the following null hypothesis: the skeletal and dentoalveolar expansion patterns in the coronal and axial planes are not different with two different types of microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) systems. Methods: Pretreatment (T0) and post-MARPE (T1) cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 32 patients (14 males and 18 females; mean age, 19.37) were analyzed. We compared two different MARPE systems. One MARPE system included the maxillary first premolars, maxillary first molars, and four microimplants as anchors (U46 type, n = 16), while the other included only the maxillary first molars and microimplants as anchors (U6 type, n = 16). Results: In the molar region of the U6 and U46 groups, the transverse expansion at the midnasal, basal, alveolar, and dental levels was 2.64, 3.52, 4.46, and 6.32 mm and 2.17, 2.56, 2.73, and 5.71 mm, respectively. A significant difference was observed in the posterior alveolar-level expansion (p = 0.036) and posterior basal-bone-level expansion (p = 0.043) between the groups, with greater posterior skeletal and alveolar expansion in the U6 group. Conclusions: Compared with the U46 group, the U6 group showed greater posterior expansion at the alveolar and basal-bone levels, with an almost parallel split. Both groups showed a pyramidal expansion pattern in the coronal view.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.229-238
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• 2010

This study investigates the differences in acoustic parameters in vowel space across hearing loss, gender and vowels. The parameters include F1, F2, Euclidean Distance between vowels, and vowel triangular area comprised of /i/, /a/ and /u/. For this study, 20 hearing-impaired and normal hearing adults as a control group were asked to read 7 Korean vowels (/a, $\wedge$, o, u, w, i, $\varepsilon$/). Subjects' readings were recorded by NasalView and analyzed by Praat. Results showed that F1 were significantly higher in the hearing impaired group than in the normal hearing group, higher in the female group than in male group, and higher in low vowels than in high vowels. And the means of F2 was significantly higher in the hearing impaired group than in normal hearing group, higher in high vowels than in low vowels, and there was no difference between male and female group. Secondly, Euclidean distance between vowels was significantly shorter in the hearing-impaired group than in the normal group. Finally, acoustic vowel space area was significantly smaller in the hearing-impaired group than in the normal hearing group. The hearing-impaired group showed that front vowels tended to be backed and back vowels to be fronted.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.359-371
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• 1996

교정력에 의한 성견의 치아이동시 발생하는 조직변화 중 치주인대 내에서의 세포활성도의 변화를 교정력의 크기와 기간에 따라 알아 보고자 하였다. 생후 1년 6개월된 성견 6마리를 5마리의 실험군과 1마리의 대조군으로 나누었고 실험군에서 하악 좌측에는 강한 힘 (250-300g)을, 하악 우측에는 약한 힘 (50-75g)을 제1소구치와 제2소구치 사이에 open coil spring으로써 적용하였다. 실험군의 성견을 각각 12시간, 24시간, 3일, 1주, 2주에 Bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU)을 주입하고 희생시켰다. 하악 제 1,2 소구치 부위의 조직을 채득하여 통법에 따라 파라핀 포매하였으며, H & E 염색과 항 BrdU 항체를 이용한 면역조직화학적 염색을 시행한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 견인측에서의 치주인대 단절과 혈관확장은 12시간째에서 관찰되어 증가하다가 3일째 이후에는 감소되었는데 약한 힘을 준 경우보다 강한 힘을 준 경우에서 더 많았으며 압박측에서의 치주인대의 초자양변성과 파골세포 활성은 12시간째에서부터 관찰되어 3일째까지 증가하다가 7일째부터 감소하였는데 약한 힘을 준 경우보다 강한 힘을 준 경우에서 더 많이 나타났다. 대조군의 BrdU 발현은 구강상피와 치주인대의 섬유모세포에서 주로 많았고 골세포나 파골세포에서는 음성 반응을 보였으며 실험군의 BrdU 발현은 압박 측보다 견인측에서 많았으며 치경부쪽보다는 치근단쪽에서 더 많았다. 약한 힘을 준 경우에서는 BrdU 발현이 1일째에 가장 많이 나타나다가 감소되었고 강한 힘을 준 경우에서는 12시간째에서 최고에 달하다가 이후에는 감소되었으나 14일째에는 실험군과 대조군 간에 큰 차이가 없었다.