• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.156-162
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• 2006

The halophilic enterobacteria, Enterobacteria cancerogenus, was isolated from the intestines of the fusiform fish (Trachurus japonicus) to yield a protein-like material termed PLM-f74. PLM-f74 was characterized by strong inhibition ratios to angiogenesis (82.8% at the concentration of $18.5{\mu}g/mL$) and elevated antioxidative capacities with low toxicity. The PLM-f74 is a glycoprotein comprised of saccharides and amino acids. PLM-f74 inhibited non-activated U937 monocytic cell adhesion to HUVECs activated with IL-$1{\beta}$ by 78.0%, and the adherence of U937 cells treated with the PLM-f74 and stimulated with IL-$1{\beta}$ to unstimulated HUVECs decreased by 102%. When both cell types were pretreated with PLM-f74, the adhesion of U937 cells to IL-$1{\beta}$ stimulated HUVECs was completely suppressed by 121% at a concentration of 18.5 ug/mL. PLM-f74 blocked signal pathways from VEGFR2, PI3K, ${\beta}$-catenin and VE-cadherin to NF-kB based on western bolt analysis. And also inhibited IL-1-stimulated HUVEC expression of the adhesion molecules, ICAM-1 by 40%, VCAM-1 by 60%, and E-selectin by 70% at the same concentration noted above. New anti-angiogenic and anti-cell adhesion materials showing elevated antioxidative capacities and non-toxicity may be expected from these results.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.1544-1553
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• 2006

The halophilic enterobacteria, Enterobacteria cancerogenus, was isolated from the intestines of the fusiform fish (Trachurus japonicus) to yield a protein-like material termed PLM-f74. PLM-f74 was characterized by strong inhibition ratios to angiogenesis (82.8% at the concentration of $18.5{\mu}g/ml$) and elevated antioxidative capacities with low toxicity. The PLM-f74 is a glycoprotein comprised of saccharides and amino acids. PLM-f74 inhibited cell adhesion that non-activated U937 monocytic cell adhesion to HUVECs activated with $IL-1{\beta}$ by 78.0%, and the adherence of U937 cells treated with the PLM-f74 and stimulated with $IL-1{\beta}$ to unstimulated HUVECs decreased by 102%. When both cell types were pretreated with PLM-f74, the adhesion of U937 cells to $IL-1{\beta}$-stimulated HUVECs was completely suppressed by 121% at a concentration of $18.5{\mu}g/ml$. PLM-f74 blocked signal pathways from VEGFR2, PI3K, ${\beta}$-catenin, and VE-cadherin to NF-kB, based on western bolt analysis. It also inhibited IL-l-stimulated HUVEC expression of the adhesion molecules, ICAM-l by 40%, VCAM-l by 60%, and E-selectin by 70% at the same concentration noted above. New anti-angiogenic and anti-cell adhesion materials showing elevated antioxidative capacities, and non-toxicity may be expected from these results.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.193-198
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• 1990

In order to develop the slow-release compound fertilizer fur upland crops, trial products were made with ammonium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride with filler of calcium sulfate, and hinder of additional material of urea resin Nine trial slow-release compound fertilizers were manufactured by varying urea/formaldehyde mole ratios(U/F mole ratio : 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 ) and the proportions of urea resin (3.3. 6.7. and 10%) and the proportions of urea resin (3.3. 6.7 and 10%). The aimed percentage of $N-P_2O_5-K_2O$ in the trial product was 12.5-10.0-14.0%, which was appropriate for Chinese cabbage. The N dissolution of the trial products in water was slower with lower U/F ratio and in creased to the proportion of urea resin. The dissolved nitrogen in water after 24hrs ranged from 69 to 83 percent of total nitrogen in the trial products.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.53-59
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• 2004

A variety of factors such as the pattern of intake (acute or chronic), monitoring interval and the characteristics of the radionuclides could have a significant influence on the estimates for the intake and internal dose. The relative differences of the assessed intakes based on the assumption of an acute intake to that of a chronic intake were evaluated by using the predicted bioassay quantity in the whole body or organs for an acute and chronic intake through the inhalation of $^{125}$ I, $^{137}$ C, $^{235}$ U with the AMAD of 1 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ and 5 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ for the monitoring intervals of 7, 14, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 360 days, respectively, The relative difference of the assessed intakes based on the intake pattern is affected by the monitoring interval, radionuclide and absorption type, but the particle size has little influence on the difference of the assessed intakes based on the intake pattern. The maximum monitoring interval, which is defined as the monitoring interval that the relative difference of the assessed intakes based on the assumption of an acute intake to that of a chronic intake is less than 10%, is 60 d for $^{125}$ I with Type F, 180 d for $^{137}$ C with Type F, 90 d for $^{235}$ U with Type M, and 360 d for $^{235}$ U with Type S. It was concluded that an intake pattern has little influence on the estimates of the assessed intake in the case where the monitoring interval is shorter than the maximum monitoring interval for each radionuclide.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.201-207
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• 2013

This study is a follow-up study of Han and Kang (2013) and Kang and Han (2013) which examined cross-generational changes in the Korean vowels /o/ and /u/ using acoustic analyses of the vowel formants of these two vowels, their Euclidean distances and the overlap fraction values generated in SOAM 2D (Wassink, 2006). Their results showed an on-going approximation of /o/ and /u/, more evident in female speakers and non-initial vowels. However, these studies employed non-words in a frame sentence. To see the extent to which these two vowels are merged in real words in spontaneous speech, we conducted an acoustic analysis of the formants of /o/ and /u/ produced by two age groups of female speakers while reading a letter sample. The results demonstrate that 1) the younger speakers employed mostly F2 but not F1 differences in the production of /o/ and /u/; 2) the Euclidean distance of these two vowels was shorter in non-initial than initial position, but there was no difference in Euclidean distance between the two age groups (20's vs. 40-50's); 3) overall, /o/ and /u/ were more overlapped in non-initial than initial position, but in non-initial position, younger speakers showed more congested distribution of the vowels than in older speakers.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.36 no.3_4
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• pp.173-179
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• 2018

In this paper, we investigate the stability of positive weak solution for the singular p-Laplacian nonlinear system $-div[{\mid}x{\mid}^{-ap}{\mid}{\nabla}u{\mid}^{p-2}{\nabla}u]+m(x){\mid}u{\mid}^{p-2}u={\lambda}{\mid}x{\mid}^{-(a+1)p+c}b(x)f(u)$ in ${\Omega}$, Bu = 0 on ${\partial}{\Omega}$, where ${\Omega}{\subset}R^n$ is a bounded domain with smooth boundary $Bu={\delta}h(x)u+(1-{\delta})\frac{{\partial}u}{{\partial}n}$ where ${\delta}{\in}[0,1]$, $h:{\partial}{\Omega}{\rightarrow}R^+$ with h = 1 when ${\delta}=1$, $0{\in}{\Omega}$, 1 < p < n, 0 ${\leq}$ a < ${\frac{n-p}{p}}$, m(x) is a weight function, the continuous function $b(x):{\Omega}{\rightarrow}R$ satisfies either b(x) > 0 or b(x) < 0 for all $x{\in}{\Omega}$, ${\lambda}$ is a positive parameter and $f:[0,{\infty}){\rightarrow}R$ is a continuous function. We provide a simple proof to establish that every positive solution is unstable under certain conditions.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.51-59
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• 2016

The purpose of present study is to examine differences between habitual speech (HS) and clear speech (CS) in individuals with mild dysarthria. Twelve speakers with mild dysarthria and twelve healthy control speakers read sentences in two speaking styles. Formant and intensity related values, triangular area, and center of gravity of /a/, /i/, and /u/ were measured. In addition, formant-ratio variables such as vowel space area(VSA), vowel articulatory index (VAI), formant centralization ratio (FCR) and F2i/F1u ratio (F2 ratio) were calculated. The results of repeated-measures ANOVA showed a significant difference in F2 of vowel /i/ and F2 energy of vowel /a/ between groups. Regarding formant energy, F2 energy of vowel /a/ were observed as meaningful variables between speaking styles. There were significant speaking style-by-group interactions for F2 energy of vowel /a/. These findings indicated that current parameters could discriminate healthy group and mild dysarthria group meaningfully and that speaker with dysarthria had larger clear speech benefit than healthy talkers. We also claim that various acoustic changes of clear speech may contribute to improving vowel intelligibility.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.129-139
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• 1988

Let $T^{\alpha}_{\lambda}$(p, A, B) denote the class of functions $$f(z)=z^p-{\sum\limits^{\infty}_{k=1}}{\mid}a_{p+k}{\mid}z^{p+k}$$ which are regular and p valent in the unit disc U = {z: |z| <1} and satisfying the condition $\left|{\frac{{e^{ia}}\{{\frac{f^{\prime}(z)}{z^{p-1}}-p}\}}{(A-B){\lambda}p{\cos}{\alpha}-Be^{i{\alpha}}\{\frac{f^{\prime}(z)}{z^{p-1}}-p\}}}\right|$<1, $z{\in}U$, where 0<${\lambda}{\leq}1$, $-\frac{\pi}{2}$<${\alpha}$<$\frac{\pi}{2}$, $-1{\leq}A$<$B{\leq}1$, 0<$B{\leq}1$ and $p{\in}N=\{1,2,3,{\cdots}\}$. In this paper, we obtain sharp results concerning coefficient estimates, distortion theorem and radius of convexity for the class $T^{\alpha}_{\lambda}$(p, A, B). It is further shown that the class $T^{\alpha}_{\lambda}$(p, A, B) is closed under "arithmetic mean" and "convex linear combinations". We also obtain class preserving integral operators of the form $F(z)=\frac{p+c}{z^c}{\int^z_0t^{c-1}}f(t)dt$, c>-p, for the class $T^{\alpha}_{\lambda}$(p, A, B). Conversely when $F(z){\in}T^{\alpha}_{\lambda}$(p, A, B), radius of p valence of f(z) has also determined.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.69-81
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• 2016

For a positive integer k, a k-rainbow dominating function of a digraph D is a function f from the vertex set V (D) to the set of all subsets of the set $\{1,2,{\ldots},k\}$ such that for any vertex $v{\in}V(D)$ with $f(v)={\emptyset}$ the condition ${\cup}_{u{\in}N^-(v)}$ $f(u)=\{1,2,{\ldots},k\}$ is fulfilled, where $N^-(v)$ is the set of in-neighbors of v. A set $\{f_1,f_2,{\ldots},f_d\}$ of k-rainbow dominating functions on D with the property that $\sum_{i=1}^{d}{\mid}f_i(v){\mid}{\leq}k$ for each $v{\in}V(D)$, is called a k-rainbow dominating family (of functions) on D. The maximum number of functions in a k-rainbow dominating family on D is the k-rainbow domatic number of D, denoted by $d_{rk}(D)$. In this paper we initiate the study of the k-rainbow domatic number in digraphs, and we present some bounds for $d_{rk}(D)$.

• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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• v.9
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• pp.281-300
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• 2004

Ziel diesel Albeit ist os, Lexkion zu erstellen, das nicht nur der menschlichen $\"{U}bersetzung$, sondern auch der $nat\"{u}rlichsprachlichen$ Verarbeitung dienen soll. Um eine automatische maschinelle $\"{U}bersetzung$ $durchf\"{u}hren$ zu iassen, braucht man noch ein umfangreiches Wissen in Lunguistik und Informatik. Bei der Verarabeitung, aufgrund derer ein Wort oder eine Phrase aus der Ausgangssprache durch ein passendes $\"{A}quivalent$ der Zielsprache $\"{u}berstzt$ wird, sollte man auch auf die kuiturellen Hintergrunde $R\"{u}cksicht$ nehmen. $W\"{a}hrend$ des $\"{U}bersetzens$ versuchen $\"{U}bersetzer$ odor Dolmetscher, zweisprachige $W\"{o}rterbucher$ zu konsultieren, urn die angemessensten $\"{A}quivalente$ der Zielsprache zu finden. In vielen $F\"{a}llen$ aber macht man die Erfahrung, dass solche $Bem\"{u}hungen$ vergeblich sind In dieser Albeit wird $zun\"{a}chst$ das parallele Korpus (Koreanisch-Deutsch) untersucht, um das Desiderat der $herk\"{o}mmlichen$ $W\"{o}rterb\"{u}cher$ festzustelien. In den parallenen Koreanisch-Deutsch Korpora wird die $W\"{o}lter$ oder Phrasen der Ausgangssprache mit denen der Zielsprache verglichen und auf diesel Grundlage eine Liste von $M\"{a}ngeln$ erstellt. Die Ergebnisse diesel Untersuchung sollten nicht nur auf die menschliche $\"{U}bersetzung$, sondern auch auf die $nat\"{u}rlichsprachliche$ Verarbeitung angewendet werden, damit die Effizienz der $\"{U}bersetzung$ nock erheht wird. $Au{\ss}erdem$ soll die weitere Untersuchung mit den Korpora auch $f\"{u}r$ den Fremdsprachenunterricht $Anwendungsm\"{o}glichkeiten bieten.