• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.221-225
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• 2003

Purpose: The prognosis for Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer is dismal although therapies for gastric cancer have been developed. We investigated the outcomes for Borrmann type 4 gastric cancers compared to those for other types of cancer. Materials and Methods: Between 1993 and 2000, 777 patients with advanced gastric cancer underwent surgical resection at the Department of Surgery, Korea University Hospital. The clinicopathologic features of 138 patients with Borrmann type 4 carcinomas of the stomach were retrospectively reviewed from the database of gastric cancer. The results were compared with those of 639 patients with other types of gastric carcinomas. Results: Patients with Borrmann type 4 carcinomas tended to be younger and to have larger tumors. The location, the depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis were significantly different between the two groups. Patients with Borrmann type 4 carcinomas had a more advanced stage than patients with other types of carcinomas. The analysis of the treatment factors revealed that total gastrectomies were more frequent in the group with Borrmann type 4 carcinomas and that the curative resection rate of patients with Borrmann type 4 gastric carcinomas was lower than that of patients with other types of gastric carcinomas (P<0.001). The 5-year survival rate for Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer was $19.4\%$ and that for other types was $52.9\%$ (P=0.001). In curative cases, the 5-year survival rates were $32.8 \%$ for patients with Borrmann type 4 gastric carcinomas and $63.4\%$ for other types of carcinomas (P=0.001). Conclusion: Borrmann type IV gastric cancer has more advanced features and a poorer prognosis than other types of gastric cancer. Improving the prognosis for patients with Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer requires early detection and a curative resection.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.302-305
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• 2014

Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) is a non-artherosclerotic cause of claudication and acute ischemia of the legs in young athletic individuals. It is classified in terms of the abnormal anatomical relationship between the popliteal artery and surrounding structures. All types of PAES have the same pathophysiology. Repetitive arterial compression by surrounding structures causes progressive vascular injury. Bilateral PAES is reported in about 30% of cases. Bilateral PAES is usually of the same type in each artery; exceptions are rare. We report a case of a young athletic patient who suffered bilateral PAES of two different types.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.269-275
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• 2006

This study is to provide details of the unique anatomical features on the alar lobule region in Korean nose. We hypothesized that the anatomy of this area differs according to the shape of the alar lobule. Based on the prominence and roundness of alar lobules, they were classified into horizontal and vertical types. A total of 20 fresh cadaver noses(10 for each type) were dissected. The anatomical differences between the horizontal and vertical types were investigated by gross and histologic studies. The alar lobule is composed of three layers, i.e., external skin, muscle, and vestibular skin. Profound differences between the two alar lobule types were evident in terms of the volume of the dilator naris anterior muscle, the insertion of the dilator naris posterior muscle, and the thickness of the external skin at the lateral end of the alar circumference. The horizontal type has a greater volume of dilator naris anterior muscle, an additional insertion of the dilator naris posterior muscle, and thicker external skin at the lateral end of the alar circumference than the vertical type. The Korean nose differs anatomically and morphologically from the Caucasian nose. This study shows that there are anatomic differences between the horizontal and vertical types of alar lobules in Korean nose.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.64-67
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• 2011

Constrictive pericarditis is a rare complication after coronary artery bypass grafting In most cases pericardiectomy is required as a definitive treatment. However, there are several types of constrictive pericarditis such as transient cardiac constriction. Some types of constrictive pericarditis can only be managed with medical therapy. We report a 72-year-old female patient who developed subacute transient constrictive pericarditis with persistent left pleural effusion as a result of postcardiac injury syndrome. The patient went through coronary bypass surgery that was successfully treated with postoperative steroid therapy.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.355-361
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• 2014

Background A blow-out fracture is one of the most common facial injuries in midface trauma. Orbital wall reconstruction is extremely important because it can cause various functional and aesthetic sequelae. Although many materials are available, there are no uniformly accepted guidelines regarding material selection for orbital wall reconstruction. Methods From January 2007 to August 2012, a total of 78 patients with blow-out fractures were analyzed. 36 patients received absorbable mesh plates, and 42 patients received titanium-dynamic mesh plates. Both groups were retrospectively evaluated for therapeutic efficacy and safety according to the incidence of three different complications: enophthalmos, extraocular movement impairment, and diplopia. Results For all groups (inferior wall fracture group, medial wall fractrue group, and combined inferomedial wall fracture group), there were improvements in the incidence of each complication regardless of implant types. Moreover, a significant improvement of enophthalmos occurred for both types of implants in group 1 (inferior wall fracture group). However, we found no statistically significant differences of efficacy or complication rate in every groups between both implant types. Conclusions Both types of implants showed good results without significant differences in long-term follow up, even though we expected the higher recurrent enophthalmos rate in patients with absorbable plate. In conclusion, both types seem to be equally effective and safe for orbital wall reconstruction. In particular, both implant types significantly improve the incidence of enophthalmos in cases of inferior orbital wall fractures.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.951-962
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze the co-relation with the types of lifestyle and interest of cosmetic surgery. The data were collected from 500 womens in Ulsan area. Frequencies, Cronbach's alpha, K-means Cluster analysis, T-test, one-way ANOVA and MCA were conducted by SPSS win 12.0k program. The results from this study were as follows: First, the types of women's lifestyles in Ulsan were divided with 4 groups such as the active leader, the display of originality, the loss of enthusiasm, and the prudent housekeeper. Second, interest of cosmetic surgery shows the difference in age and married or not. Interest of young single women was highest. Third, the display of originality group was highest in interest of cosmetic surgery among 4 groups. And the next was the active leader group. fourth, influences to the interest of cosmetic surgery was decreased both in age and lifestyle groups after excluding all the other variation factors. However, the interest was high in the 20th aged women and the display of originality group.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.15-18
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• 2007

56 dogs that had undergone surgical excision of skin lesion tumors at Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital in Seoul National University from 2000 to 2005 were evaluated retrospectively. The ratio of cases with benign versus malignant tumor types were 1.5:1.48 cases received surgical excision alone and 8 cases received adjuvant treatments. 42 cases were followed postoperative recurrence time and survival time (25 benign, 17 malignant). 25 cases (25/42, 60%) had no recurrence after surgical excision. In malignant tumor types, 5 cases (5/17, 29%) had recurrence and the median recurrence time was 157 days, and 8 cases (8/17, 47%) died due to tumors and survival time was 125 days. In benign tumor types, only 2 cases (2/25, 8%) had recurrence and the median recurrence time was 273 days.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.273-279
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• 1986

Total anomalous pulmonary venous return is a cardiac malformation in which there is no direct connection between any pulmonary vein and the left atrium but, rather all the pulmonary veins connect to the right atrium or one of its tributaries. TAPVC is a relatively uncommon anomaly, accounting for only about 1.5-3% of cases of congenital heart disease. Recently improvement in intraoperative techniques did eventually bring substantial improvements in the results in infants. 4 cases of TAPVC was successfully treated with one-stage operation, in the Dept. of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, National Medical Center in which 2 cases are supracardiac types and the other 2 cases are cardiac types. Sex ratio was 1:1, and the range of age was 2 years-18 years. The common pulmonary venous sinus was connected to the left vertical vein and innominate vein: in 2 supracardiac types and coronary sinus in 2 cardiac types. All cases are operated with standard cardiopulmonary bypass, and the hospital mortality was 0%.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.94-100
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• 2019

Background: Skin defects of head and neck need reconstruction using various local flaps. In some cases, surgeons should consider skin graft for large skin defect. It is important to heal skin graft and donor sites. The authors investigated wound healing mechanisms at the donor sites with split-thick-ness skin graft (STSG). In this study, the authors compared two types of immediate regraft including sheets and islands for the donor site after facial skin graft using remnant skin. Methods: The author reviewed 10 patients who underwent STSG, from March 2015 to May 2017, for skin defects in the craniofacial area. The donor site was immediately covered with the two types using remnant skin after harvesting skin onto the recipient site. Depending on the size of the remnant skin, we conducted regraft with the single sheet (n= 5) and island types (n= 5). Results: On postoperative day 1 and 3 months, the scar formation was evaluated using the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) and Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS). Total POSAS and VSS scores for the island type were lower than in single sheet group after 3 months postoperatively. There was significant difference in specific categories of POSAS and VSS. Conclusion: This study showed a reduction in scar formation following immediate regrafting of the remnant skin at the donor site after STSG surgery. Particularly, the island type is useful for clinical application to facilitate healing of donor sites with STSG.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.261-268
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• 2021

Background Various methods have been described to close large meningomyelocele defects, but no technique has been proven superior to others. This study presents cases of meningomyelocele defect closure with a keystone-design perforator island flap. Methods A retrospective study was performed on 14 patients with meningomyelocele defects closed using various types of keystone flaps. Results The median age of the patients at surgery was 10.5 days (range, 1-369 days) and the average defect size was 22.5 cm² (range, 7.1-55.0 cm²). The average operative time for defect closure was 89.6 minutes (range, 45-120 minutes). Type IV bilateral keystone flaps were used for four defects, type IV unilateral flaps for six defects, type IIA flaps for two defects, and type III flaps for two defects. Conclusions All the defects healed completely with no major complications. The keystone-design perforator island flap is a reliable, easy, and fast technique to close large meningomyelocele defects.