• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.126-142
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to develop unmanned traffic enforcement equipment and standard specifications for the prevention of traffic accidents and violations of the two-wheeled vehicle laws. To this end, we conducted a review of the problems and new technologies of the currently operating unmanned traffic enforcement equipment on two-wheeled vehicles. And through a survey, the feasibility of introducing unmanned traffic enforcement equipment for two-wheeled vehicles and the current status of technology were investigated. In addition, the two-wheeled vehicle enforcement function was implemented through field tests of the development equipment, and the addition of enforcement targets and the number recognition rate were improved through performance improvement. Based on the results of field experiments and performance evaluation, performance standards for unmanned two-wheeled vehicle traffic enforcement equipment were prepared, and in the communication protocol, two-wheeled vehicle-related matters were newly composed in the vehicle classification code and violation items to develop standards.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.635-641
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• 2016

Regenerative braking performance of an electrically powered vehicle is closely related to driving distance per battery charge. An electric vehicle uses appropriate amounts of mechanical braking force and electromagnetic regenerative braking force to recover energy and increase driving efficiency. In particular, when it drives on a downhill road, energy recovery rate is maximized through regenerative braking during coasting based on the mass inertia of the vehicle. Since an electric two-wheeled vehicle covered in this paper is lighter than an electric four-wheeled vehicle, the improvement of its driving distance per battery charge through regenerative braking is different from an electric four-wheeled vehicle. This study compared the driving characteristics of an electric two-wheeled vehicle based on regenerative braking. Two driving test modes were simulated with a chassis dynamometer system. By analyzing the measurement of a chassis dynamometer, the driving characteristics of a two-wheel electric vehicle, such as driving efficiency, were analyzed. In addition, test results were reviewed to draw the limitations of conventional test methods for regenerative braking performance of an electric two-wheel vehicle.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.56-63
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• 2012

Environment has become a main issue nowadays. People began to show big interest in "futuristic means of transportation", which is an efficient method in $CO_2$ emissions reduction and decreasing use of oil. Due to the noise and emissions of two-wheel vehicle of internal combustion engine, electric two-wheeled vehicles have been supplied in downtown. The electric two-wheeled vehicles use battery as power source. The performance of lithium-ion battery changes as the ambient temperature changes. In this paper, analysis of performance variance of electric two-wheeled vehicles influenced by the temperature using the chassis dynamometer and the environmental chamber was carried out.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.188-195
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• 2000

This study was conducted to develop the mathematical model and the computer simulation program(TPPMWV) for predicting the tractive performance of off-road wheeled vehicles operated on various soil conditions. The model takes into account main design parameters of a wheeled vehicle, including the radius and width of front and rear tires, the weight of vehicle, wheelbase and driving type(4WD, 2WD). Soil characteristics, such as the peressure-sinkage and shearing characteristics and the response to repetitive loading, are also taken into consideration. The effectiveness of the developed model was verified by comparing the predicted drawbar pulls using TPPMWV with measured ones obtained by field tests for two different driving types of wheeled vehicle. As a results, the drawbar pulls predicted by the TPPMWV were well matched to the measured ones within the absolute errors of 5.25%(4WD) AND 9.42%(2WD)for two different driving types, respectively.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.359-368
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• 2000

In this paper, mathematical model was developed for predicting the tractive performance of off-road wheeled vehicles operated on soft terrains. Based on the mathematical model, a computer simulation program(TPPMWV) was developed. The model takes into account main design parameters of wheeled vehicle, including radius and width of front and rear tire, weight of vehicle, wheelbase and driving type(4WD, 2WD). Soil characteristics, such as the peressure-sinkage and shearing characteristics and the response to repetitive loading and slip-sinkage effect, are also taken into consideration. The effectiveness of the developed model was verified by comparing the predicted drawbar pulls using TPPMWV with measured ones obtained by field tests for two different driving types of wheeled vehicle. As a results, the drawbar pulls predicted by the TPPMWV were well matched to the measured ones within the absolute errors of 3.916%(4WD) and 13.31%(2WD) for two different driving types, respectively.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.7-13
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• 2011

The climate change due to the increased consumption with fossil fuel and rise of the oil price have been serious global issues. Automobile industry consumes 30% of the oil every year and causes air pollution and global warming by the exhaust emissions and carbon dioxide ($CO_2$). The demand of two-wheeled vehicle increases every year due to the parking and traffic problem caused by the increased automobiles in the urban area. Approximately 50,000,000 two-wheeled vehicles were produced in 2008. The development and sales of the hybrid two-wheeled vehicle industry become active due to its increased market demands. In this paper, the change of the motor and battery efficiency, driving distance, hill climbing ability with the change of the motor capacity was analyzed. Simulation of the peculiarities in urban driving schedule(World-wide Motorcycle Test Cycle(WMTC), Manhattan driving schedule), constant speed(10 km/h, 35 km/h) of small electronic two-wheeled vehicle was also carried out. Through the simulation result, appropriate capacities of the motor and battery for urban driving was acquired.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.6-11
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• 2018

Recently, many drivers of two-wheeled motorcycles in leisure and express delivery industries etc. brought increasing issues for the motorcycle safety. This paper has studied the structural safety of two-wheeled motorcycles considering the regulations for stand, rear registration plate and anti-tampering measures. The authors have investigated and compared a variety of international and domestic regulations and specifications for structural safety of those components. Detailed experimental procedures of stand, mounting for rear registration plate and anti-tampering measures are proposed to secure the two-wheeled motorcycle safety and the outcomes of this study can be used to confirm the Korean motor vehicle safety standards.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.7-12
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• 2020

This paper has presented the headlight inspection standards and methods of two-wheeled motorcycles considering Korean Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (KMVSS), Korean Motor Vehicle Inspection Standards (KMVI) and the inspection standards of the International Motor Vehicle Inspection Committee (CITA). As a result of analyzing the headlight luminous intensity test result with fixed inspection equipment, 21% does not meet the inspection standard proposed in this study, and 33.3% in mobile inspection equipment does not meet. The average luminous intensity of motorcycle less than 50 cc is 8,340 cd, so all the lightweight small sized motor cycles do not meet the proposed headlight inspection standard.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.39-45
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• 2017

Two-wheeled motorcycles rarely use windscreen wipers in general. However, if two or more wheeled motorcycles with upper body employ windscreen wiper systems, clear visibility should be ensured regardless of weather conditions. The windscreen wiper systems include washers, defrosting, and demisting. As demands for the personal mobility are rapidly increased, the related global safety standards for motorcycles with upper body have been revised accordingly. Currently only EU regulations issue the provisions of windscreen wiper systems for L-category vehicles, which characterize two or more wheeled motorcycles. Therefore, in order to agree with international safety standards, it is necessary to revise KMVSS (Korea Motor Vehicle Safety Standards) for motorcycles. Here, KMVSS regarding windscreen wiper systems for motorcycles are studied considering the EU regulations. It is expected that the findings in this study are useful for future amendment of KMVSS.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.197-204
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• 2005

A waterjet propulsion system has many advantages compared with a conventional screw propeller especially for amphibious armored wheeled vehicles because of a good maneuverability at low speed, good operation ability at shallow water, high thrust at low speed to aid maneuverability and exit from water, etc. The POD type waterjet is adequate for the present wheeled vehicle because the weight is lighter and L/B is longer than the conventional armored amphibious vehicle. Resistance and self-propulsion tests with a 1/3.5-scale model are conducted at PNU towing tank. Based on these measurements, the performance is analyzed according to ITTC 96 standard analysis method and also according to the conventional propulsive factor analysis method. Based on these two methods, the full-scale effective and delivered powers of amphibious armored wheeled vehicle are estimated. This paper emphasizes the analysis method of model test of the waterjet propulsion system for a amphibious armored wheeled vehicle and the model test technique together with the comparison of the two analysis methods.