• 한국터널공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국터널공학회 2005년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.270-281
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• 2005

An especial attention for old tunnel safety is required on increasing of The various tunnel recently. Specially, the lining investigation method of the old tunnel will be able to presume condition of concrete lining indirectly. Because it is many restriction thought of environment and ground condition investigation method of tunnel lining rear. This study carried out section & convergence measurement of part which was deformed in tunnel lining. It had been observed for the change of tunnel behavior with a continuous measurement. It has been analyzed for a cause of tunnel deformation and inspected for the effect after a repair-reinforcement to tunnel compared with the effect before those by structure analysis. By establishing automatic measurement system after repair-reinforcement to tunnel, it would be accomplished to convergence measurement continually. As a result, it was observed that deflection and deformation of tunnel was convergent. but it should be followed to a continuous maintenance because of unstable ground condition, cause of inner tunnel, environment. The railroad tunnel which was executed a reinforcement of the tunnel lining must investigate the close condition of reinforcement lining and concrete lining.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.137-156
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• 2013

A wind tunnel test of a scaled-down model and field measurement were effective methods for elucidating the aerodynamic behavior of a chimney under a wind load. Therefore, the relationship between the results of the wind tunnel test and the field measurement had to be determined. Accordingly, the set-up and testing method in the wind tunnel had to be modified from the field measurement to simulate the real behavior of a chimney under the wind flow with a larger Reynolds number. It enabled the results of the wind tunnel tests to be correlated with the field measurement. The model surface roughness and different turbulence intensity flows were added to the test. The simulated results of the wind tunnel test agreed with the full-scale measurements in the mean surface pressure distribution behavior.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2007

터널시공현장에서 중요한 요소가 되는 미굴량과 여굴량, 그리고 내공변위 및 천단침하에 대한 자료는 대부분 변위계와 토탈스테이션에 의해 취득되어진다. 그러나 이러한 장비들은 다수의 작업자를 필요로 하고, 대상지점에 직접 접근하여 타겟이나 계측기를 설치해야 되는 등 여러 가지 불편함과 위험요소를 안고 있다. 최근에 개발된 리모트컨트롤 무프리즘 토탈스테이션은 이러한 단점을 해소할 수 있는 여러 가지 기능을 가지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 무프리즘 토탈스테이션과 제어용 노트북 컴퓨터 등을 조합하여 터널계측을 위한 1인 측량시스템을 구성하고 그 효율성을 평가하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 시공 중인 터널을 대상으로 기존의 측량방법과 본 연구의 측량방법으로 각각 관측을 수행하고 관측 소요시간, 정확도 등을 비교하였고 그 결과 본 연구의1인 무프리즘 측량시스템이 기존의 방법에 비해 효율적임을 입증하였다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.59.1-59.1
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• 2011

In this research, CFD calculation was implemented to analyze wind tunnel effect or rotor experiment in wind tunnel. One case included model wind turbine and all wind tunnel geometries. The other case include only rotor and nacelle system. Star-CCM+ was used for CFD analysis and rigid body motion around rotor area was applied to simulate rotating rotor. As for turbulence model, K-omega SST was used. The results were compared in 15m/s inflow condition. These results shows a good agreement with the measurement. Then, the result without wind tunnel was slightly different to the result with wind tunnel. Thus, in the case of Mexnex wind tunnel measurement, the wind tunnel don't affect the measurement result. Then, this wind tunnel and rotor size ratio can be reference for wind tunnel experiment of wind turbine rotor.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.225-232
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• 2003

The behaviour of ground induced by tunneling of 2arch tunnels may differ from the one caused by usual type tunnels. This paper describe the behaviour created by the size of pilot tunnel and the condition on the construction method of center piller Also, loads acting on the supports of the first tunnel and the center pillar during the excavation of second tunnel is investigated by numerical analyses. The results of numerical analyses are compared to the data records of measurement results, i.e. force on the support system and ground displacement.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.197-208
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• 1996

Due to the constraints in pre site-investigation for tunnel, it is essential to redesign the support structures suitable for rock mass conditions such as rock strength, ground water and discontinuity conditions for safe tunnel construction. For the selection of optimum support, it is very important to carry out the rock mass classification and in-situ measurement in tunnelling. In this paper, in a mountain tunnel designed by NATM in hard rock, the selectable system for optimum support has been studied. The tunnel is situated at Chun-an in Kyungbu highspeed railway line with 2 lanes over a length of 4, 020 m and a diameter of 15 m. The tunnel was constructed by drill & blasting method and long bench cut method, designed five types of standard support patterns according to rock mass conditions. In this tunnel, face mapping based on image processing of tunnel face and rock mass classification by RMR carried out for the quantitative evaluation of the characteristics of rock mass and compared with rock mass classes in design. Also, in-situ measurement of convergence and crown settlement conducted about 30 m interval, assessed the stability of tunnel from the analysis of monitoring data. Through the results of rock mass classification and in-situ measurement in several sections, the design of supports were modified for the safe and economic tunnelling.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2005년도 지반공학 공동 학술발표회
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• pp.140-153
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• 2005

During the tunnel construction the major failure mode can be categorized as: tunnel failure just after the tunnel excavation without support, failure after application of shotcrete and finally failure after setting the concrete lining. The failure mode just after the tunnel excavation without support, can be further classified as : bench failure, crown failure, face failure, full face failure, failure due to weak strata and failure due to overburden. Moreover the failure after application of shotcrete is classified as heading face failure, settlement of shotcrete support, local failure of shotcrete lining and invert shotcrete. To find out the major causes of tunnel collapse, the investigation was done in case of the second phase of Seoul subway construction. The investigation results depicted that the major causes of tunnel collapse were due to the weak layer of rock/fault and sudden influx of ground water from the tunnel crown. While the investigation results of the mountain road tunnels construction have shown that the major causes of tunnel failure were inadequate analysis of tunnel face mapping results, intersection of faults and limestone cavities. In this paper some recent measurement in order to mitigate such tunnel collapse are presented

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2001년도 추계학술대회논문집 II
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• pp.1215-1220
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• 2001

Wind tunnel test of a new pantograph, that is developed through the KHST project, was performed in RTRI wind tunnel test center of Japan end of last June. This paper indtroduces the measurement results and analysis of noise measurement part that is achieved during the wind tunnel test. The maximum measured sound pressure level at 5m shows 102.3dB(A) at 350km/h and it leads to 88.3dB(A) of predicted sound pressure at 25m that satisfy 91dB(A) of evaluation criteria. Major noise sources of the pantograph was identified as a link between upper and lower arm, panhead contact strips and shunt wires.

• 한국재난관리표준학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2010

본 연구는 신설 터널 발파 시 기존 터널 거동 및 시설물 안전에 관한 연구로서 설계 당시에는 신설 터널의 안전성에 초점을 맞추다 보니 기존 터널 내부에 설치되어 있는 제연 팬 등과 같이 시설물의 안전성을 확보하기 위한 세부적인 설계에 있어서 다소 미흡한 면이 있었다. 기존 터널의 최근 10년간 교통사고 유형을 분석한 결과 주행 중인 차량 간 긴급 상황 및 상호 장애요소 발생 시 미처 대처하지 못해 발생하는 사고가 대부분인 것을 알 수 있었다. 이런 점을 감안하여 신설 터널 시점 부 및 본선 구간 발파 시 장약량을 최소화하였고 피난연결통로 굴착은 대구경 심빼기 발파공법으로 변경 시공하여 진동을 최소화함으로써 기존 터널 내부의 시설물 안전성을 확보하였다. 정량적 분석 방법으로서는 각종 계측기를 설치하여 신설 터널 주변 민가, 기존 터널 내부 및 제연 팬 주위에 설치하여 실시간 변위를 파악하여 교통류 차단 없이 정상 흐름을 확보하였다. 향후 대도심지에 위치하면서 기존 터널과 인접한 터널 설계 시 터널 내부 시설물 안전성 확보를 위해 발파 장약량, 발파공법 및 계측방법의 개선 방안을 제시하였다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.29-41
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 굴착이 진행 중인 터널 시공현장에서 계측변위를 활용하여 신속하게 터널의 안정성을 정량적으로 평가할 수 있는 기술을 새롭게 제안하였다. 이를 위해 먼저, 현재 국내외적으로 터널 시공현장에서 활용하고 있는 계측관리지침 사례를 조사하였다. 그러나 이들 지침은 그 근거가 뚜렷하지 못하고, 터널시공현장마다 서로 달라 통일적인 관리가 이루어지지 못할 뿐만 아니라 터널 계측과 관련된 다양한 제약으로 인해 현장 실무에서 활용도와 그 중요성이 높지 않은 것을 알 수 있었다. 터널굴착에 의해 발생하는 변위에 대한 기준 설정을 위해서 본 연구에서는 한계변형률 개념을 새롭게 도입하였으며 이를 활용하여 시공 중인 터널의 안정성 평가 기법을 새롭게 제안하였다. 또한 한계변형률 개념을 터널 실무에 활용하기 위해서, 지반굴착에 의해 발생하는 변위발생 특징을 종합적으로 검토하였으며, 터널굴착에 의해 발생하는 총변위를[굴착전 변위], [계측전 변위], [계측변위]로 구분하여 이들 각각에 대한 특성을 살펴보았다. 마지막으로 시공중인 터널에 대하여 한계변형률 개념을 도입하여 현장 계측결과를 활용하는 방안에 대하여 구체적으로 언급하였으며 이를 현재 국내의 계측현황 조사를 토대로 그 활용방안에 대해 기술하였다.