• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.25-37
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• 2024

The objective of this study was to create intelligent rail robots that are optimized for facility management and implement digital twin systems for smart road tunnel management. An autonomous surveillance system is formed by combining the sensing platform consisting of railing robots, fixed cameras and environmental detection sensors with the digital twin data platform technology for tunnel monitoring and early fire suppression. In order to develop mobile rail robots for fire extinguishing, we also designed and manufactured robots for extinguishing & monitoring and fire extinguishing devices, and then we examined the optimization of all parts. Our next step was to build a digital twin for road tunnel management by developing continuous image display system and implementing 3D modeling. After constructing prototypes, we attempted simulations by configuring abnormal symptom scenarios, such as vehicles fires. This study's proposal proposes high-accuracy risk prediction services that will enable intelligent management of risks in the tunnel with early response at each stage, using the data collected from the intelligent rail robots and digital twin systems.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2000

3차원 광파기 계측장비와 당사에서 개발한 핵심부품인 Target Pin 및 자료처리 분석프로그램 TEMS3D을 통합한 3차원 광파기 계측시스템을 구축하여 터널의 시공중 내공변위 및 천단침하를 계측하였다. 적용결과 천단침하 계측 및 전방지반 예측 측면에서 시스템의 효용성을 검증하였다. 터널의 유지관리 단계의 내공변위 계측을 위해 DOCS시스템을 지하철 단면에 적용하여 계측치의 진동, 시스템의 검증, 열차 운행, 터널내 온도변화 및 고전압에 의한 영향을 검토하여 향후 유지관리 방안을 제시하였다.

• 지질공학
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.545-553
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• 2008

터널 시공 중 막장관찰과 계측자료는 굴착으로 인하여 발생하는 지반 및 주변 구조물의 안정성 평가를 위한 가장 중요한 정보이다. 특히, 발파 굴착으로 이루어지는 NATM 공법에서 막장관찰과 계측은 다음 막장의 굴착 및 지보설계를 위한 핵심자료로 활용이 된다. 하지만, 국내에는 암반분류 결과와 계측결과의 관계에 대한 연구가 많이 부족하여 굴착 및 지보설계에 제대로 활용되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 막장관찰에 의한 암반분류 중 국내외에서 가장 많이 사용되는 RMR 분류법과 내공변위 계측결과의 분석을 통해 지질상태의 변화가 터널의 거동에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 내공변위의 계측위치와 계측 시점에 따른 변위 측정 편차를 변위 함수를 이용해 보정하였으며, 이를 통해 내공변위의 영향선과 지반조건의 관계를 고찰하였다. 또한 변위 함수 파라미터와 초기변위 발생비율 등 내공변위와 관련된 다양한 요소들의 지반조건에 따른 변화양상을 파악함으로써 막장관찰 및 내공변위 계측을 통한 지반 평가의 기초자료를 제시하고자 하였다.

• 한국GIS학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국GIS학회 2004년도 GIS/RS 공동 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.607-612
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• 2004

터널공사의 시대에 따라 그 시공방법이 많은 발전을 해왔으나 아직도 시시각각으로 일어나는 터널 공사중의 사고는 반드시 극복해야할 과제다. 이러한 위험요소를 빨리 발견하고 대비하기 위해서는 계측의 정확성과 신속성이 요구되고 있으나 아직도 천단침하 및 내공변위 계측에 줄자, 레벨 또는 토털스테이션 등을 이용하는 일반적인 측량방법에 의존하고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 산업사진측량기법을 이용하여 터널의 내공변위를 더욱더 정밀하고 신속하게 측정할 수 있는 기법을 제시하므로서 산업사진측량을 응용한 터널계측의 발전과 향후 무인 자동 계측시스템의 개발에 이바지 하고자 하는데 목적이 있다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1998년도 터널.암반역학위원회 박사학위 논문집
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• pp.153-204
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• 1998

Prediction of lining loads due to tunnelling is one of the major issues to be addressed in the design of a tunnel. The objective of this study is to investigate rational and realistic design loads on tunnel linings. factors influencing the lining load are summarized and discussed. The instruments for measuring the lining loads are reviewed and discussed because field measurements are often necessary to verify the design methods. Tunnel construction in the City of Edmonton has been very active for storm and sanitary purposes. Since the early 1970's, the city has also been developing an underground Light Rail Transit system. The load measurements obtained from these tunnels are compared with the results from the existing design methods. However, none of the existing methods are totally satisfactory, Therefore, there is some room for improvement in the prediction of lining loads. The convergence-confinement method is reviewed and applied to a case history of a tunnel in Edmonton. The convergence curves are obtained from 2-D finite element analyses using three different material models and theoretical equations. The limitation of the convergence-confinement method is discussed by comparing these curves with the field measurements. Three-dimensional finite element analyses are performed to gain a better understanding of stress and displacement behaviour near the tunnel face. An improved design method is proposed based on the review of existing design methods and the performance of numerical analyses. A specific method or combination of two different methods is suggested for the estimation of lining loads for different conditions of tunnelling. A method to determine the stress reduction factor is described. Typical values of dimensionless load factors nD/H for tunnels in Edmonton are obtained from parametric analyses. Finally, the loads calculated using the proposed method are compared with field measurements collected from various tunnels in terms of soil types and construction methods to verify the method. The proposed method gives a reasonable approximation of the lining loads. The proposed method is recommended as an approximate guideline for the design of tunnels, but the results should be confirmed by field measurements due to the uncertainties of the ground and lining properties and the construction procedures, This is the reason that in-situ monitoring should be an integral part of the design procedure.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제23권4_2호
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• pp.637-644
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• 2020

Because suicide accidents sometimes were happened in grand bridges over rivers or sea water recently, it will be necessary that prevention measures be made preparation in advance from now on. Additional safety facilities must be needed in addition to existing safety facilities in such a way as this prevention measure. In order to make cable-stayed bridge safe on wind for additional safety facilities, main girder models with added safety facilities for wind-tunnel tests was made, and wind tunnel experiments was carried out to measure aerodynamic force coefficients. Also, wind-resistant analyses of 3D cable-stayed bridge were performed on the basis of wind-tunnel test results. From the wind experiments, force coefficients of main girder with added safety facilities were assessed, and it is known that there are little possibility of galloping and rotation of steel main girder. Finally, from the wind resistant analyses, it was concluded that wind-resistant safety of cable-stayed bridge was secured on wind speed 60.6m/sec.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.215-224
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• 2019

Excavation of long tunnels by shielded TBMs is a safe, fast, and efficient method of tunneling that mitigates many risks related to ground conditions. However, long-distance tunneling in great depth through adverse geological conditions brings about limitations in the application of TBMs. Among various harsh geological conditions, squeezing ground as a consequence of tunnel wall and face convergence could lead to cluttered blocking, shield jamming and in some cases failure in the support system. These issues or a combination of them could seriously hinder the performance of TBMs. The technique of excavation has a strong influence on the tunnel response when it is excavated under squeezing conditions. The Golab water conveyance tunnel was excavated by a double-shield TBM. This tunnel passes mainly through metamorphic weak rocks with up to 650 m overburden. These metamorphic rocks (Shales, Slates, Phyllites and Schists) together with some fault zones are incapable of sustaining high tangential stresses. Prediction of the convergence, estimation of the creeping effects and presenting strategies to overcome the squeezing ground are regarded as challenging tasks for the tunneling engineer. In this paper, the squeezing potential of the rock mass is investigated in specific regions by dint of numerical and analytical methods. Subsequently, several operational solutions which were conducted to counteract the challenges are explained in detail.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2016

터널구조물의 안정성 최종평가는 굴착완료 후 현장계측을 수행하여 계측값의 수렴 여부를 통해 판단하는 것이 일반적 평가 기준이다. 본 연구에서는 굴착하는 터널 주변 지반조건이 불량하여 터널 안정성 확보를 위한 보강을 적용한 후 국부적으로 보강구간에서 추가적인 붕락 또는 과다변위가 발생한 터널현장시공 사례의 해석적 방법과 상관성을 분석하였다. 추가 붕락터널에서 붕락유형을 조사해 보면 대부분 천단부 붕락이 발생하고 붕락된 구간에 대한 지질적인 조건을 분석해보면 천단부에서 지표부 인근까지 연장되어 존재하는 단층파쇄대가 존재하는 경우와 상관성이 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 이와같이 단층파쇄대와 같은 지반조건이 터널 천단부에서 지표부 인근까지 연장성을 가지는 경우에는 기존 수치해석적 방법으로 예측한 거동보다 더 큰 거동을 하는 것으로 분석되었다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.82-94
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a novel tunnel-free scheme in a proxy mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6)-based nested network mobility environment; several mobile nodes (MNs) and mobile routers (MRs) compose a hierarchical wireless network topology. Because tunnels created by several MRs overlap and data packets travel along several local mobility anchors (LMAs), the utilization of the wireless section is reduced and the packet forwarding path of the wire-line section is not optimal. In our tunnel-free scheme, the mobile access gateway (MAG) plays an important role in both the wireless and wire-line sections. Using a local binding update, this tunnel-free scheme forwards data packets with a host-based routing table without any tunnel. Establishing a direct tunnel between the MAG and the last LMA, this scheme removes nested tunnels between intermediate LMAs and MRs, and optimizes the forwarding path to the MN in the wire-line section.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.408-420
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• 2010

터널시공 중 터널 완공 후에 발생할 최종변위를 미리 예측하는 것은 터널의 역학적 안정성을 평가하는데 중요하다. 시공 중인 터널에서 계측한 천단 및 내공변위와 변위함수를 이용하여 터널을 시공 완료하였을 때 발생할 터널의 최종변위를 예측하였다. 연구대상 터널은 상반과 하반으로 나누어 시공하였고 터널상반 시공 중 설치한 계측핀을 이용하여 하반막장이 이 계측핀을 통과할 때 발생한 초기변위를 계측할 수 있었다. 터널하반 시공 중 계측한 변위를 이용하여 하반굴착에 따른 변위 증가량을 변위함수로 예측한 결과 터널시공 완료 후 계측한 증가량과 거의 같았다.