• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.41-60
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• 1971

The author prepared a tuberculin sample using synthetic medium for the test material in this experiment. For the test animals, guinea pigs, healthy calf sensitized with heat killed tubercle bacilli, naturally infected dairy cattle, goat, and calf were used. A reduced reactivity to tuberculin was observed when the second tuberculin test was done within 28 days after the first. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. The experimental HCSM tuberculin was shown the similar activities as the control products of standard tuberculin. 2. The potency of the experimental tuberculin preserved at $5^{\circ}C$ in refrigerator maintained the activity for three years. 3. By the intradermal test, the experimental tuberculin was proved to be specific to detect tuberculous dairy cattles and goats. 4. The appearance of skin reaction to tuberculin in naturally infected dairy cattles, goat and beef cattles was soft and diffuse swellings or circumscribed swellings accompanied by induration. 5. In the case of observing tuberculous dairy cattles, goats and beef cattles, as the criterion of the reaction to the caudal fold test, results were taken as positive when findings are either hard and circumscribed or soft and diffuse swellings of 3 mm at least in size. 6. The acid fast organisms isolated from tuberculin positive animals were identified mostly as M. tuberculosis var. bovis. 7. When the tuberculin test was repeated in the tuberculin positive animals, the reactivity decreased rapidly, lasting 4 weeks at least.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.133-142
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• 1997

In order to supplement a diagnostic method for detection of infectious cattle to bovine tuberculosis, performed ELISA for detection of antibody to if bovis in serum and milk. The diagnostic efficacy of the established ELISA was compared with test of the tuberculin skin test for bovine tuberculosis. The positive corresponding rate of serum ELISA and tuberculin skin test showed 84.3%, milk ELISA and tuberculin skin test showed 75.0%, milk ELISA and serum ELISA showed 75.0% respectively. Comparison of the serum and milk to tuberculin antibody concentration in tuberculin positive cattle, the milk contained 1/100-1/150 concentration compared serum tuberculin concentration. The established ELISA was considered efficient for detection of antibodies to M bovis in serum and milk.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.1119-1125
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• 1999

Since Robert Koch found tubercle bacilli in 1882, the studies on tubercle bacilli of human and animal had been carried out. Being old tuberculin(OT) introduced in 1890, the specificity of the diagnosis of tuberculosis has been improved by continual uses of heat concentrated synthetic medium(HCSM) and purified protein derivatives(PPD) tuberculin. Now, two types of tuberculin test are used worldwidly ; the single intradermal test(SIT) using bovine tuberculin and the single intradermal comparative tuberculin test(SICTT) using avian and bovine tuberculins. In the SICTT, each countries have used with different combination of both avian and bovine tuberculins' titers. However, this kinds of studies have not reported in Korea. Therefore, the studies on the combination of their tuberculins' titers were performed through intradermal test of guinea pigs sensitized with either Mycobacterium bovis or M avium and were examined in 10 cattles of SIT positive reactors. Also, IFN-${\gamma}$ assay, the latest diagnostic method of bovine tuberculosis, was experimentally applied to SIT positive reactors. For determining the optimal titers, sensitized guinea pigs with M bovis and M avium were intradermally injected avian and bovine tuberculin. In guinea pigs sensitized with M bovis, bovine tuberculin 50 T.U. showed significant difference from all tested concentrations of avian tuberculin(p < 0.05). In guinea pigs sensitized with M avium, there is significantly different between bovine tuberculin and avian tuberculin by 25 T.U.(p < 0.01). Therefore, optimal titers of bovine and avian PPD tuberculins' titers for the SICTT in Korea were 5,000 and 2,500 tuberculin units, respectively, and the swelling diffences between bovine and avian site in SIT positive reactors were above 3mm. Also, in IFN-${\gamma}$ assay, the 9 SIT positive reactors were showed all the positive reactions.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.50-57
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• 1984

Tuberculin(HCSM) 반응유우 60두에 대하여 가열살균처리한 우결핵균에서 얻은 PPD-BS tuberculin을 이용한 추벽피내재검사법과 석탄산살균처리한 우결핵균에서 얻은 SFA tuberculin을 이용한 경측피내재검사법간의 민감성과 특이성을 비교하였다. 또한 SFA tuberculin과 현행 조형 PPD(PPD-A) tuberculin을 이용한 비교검사법의 가치를 판독기준에 따라 분석하였다. 병소우군에서 PPD-BS와 SFA tuberculin간에 민감성은 차이가 없었으나 무병소우와 감염우동거군에서 SFA tuberculin은 PPD-BS tuberculin에 비하여 비특이반응이 현저히 낮았다(P<0.01). SFA와 PPD-A를 이용한 비교검사법은 판독기준에 따라 가양성반응과 가음성반응에 크게 영향을 주었으며, 피내반응차이 4mm를 판독기준으로 할 때 병소우와 무병소우를 감별할 수 없었다. 이 연구에서 SFA tuberculin은 PPD-BS에 비하여 병소우에서 민감성간에는 차이가 없었으나 무병소우에서 특이성이 현저히 높았다는 점으로 보아 앞으로 HCSM tuberculin 반응우에 대한 재검사는 현행 PPD에서 SFA tuberculin으로 대체함으로써 비특이반응우를 더욱 감소시킬 수 있다는 것을 의미한다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2018

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of tuberculin test and associated various environmental factors on the quantity and quality of milk production of daily cows. The change of milk quantity followed to tuberculin test was investigated on 109 daily farms in south Gyeonggi, and the change of milk quality was also studied on 48 daily farms. The result of this study showed that the quantity and quality of milk production was decreased after tuberculin test (P<0.05). The amount of loss of the milk production due to tuberculin test was, however, only 0.92 L per cow. In terms of milk quality, the level of total protein was statistically significantly decreased. This study also showed that the milk quality was further decreased when the cows were restraint after veterinarians arrived compared to the case that cows were stayed restraint before the veterinarians visited the farm. In addition, milk quality and quantity were lowered worse when relative humidity of the location of tuberculin test was lower than 50% or higher than 70%, or when the milk production of a farm is higher than its quarter. This study showed that stress on daily cows and the farmers induces the decrease of milk yield and milk quality, and these losses can be minimized by regulating various environmental factors to the direction to maximize productivity.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.125-129
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• 2009

SBovine tuberculosis is a chronic bacterial disease of animals and humans caused by Mycobacterium bovis. Besides the classical intradermal tuberculin test, a number of blood and serum tests have been used. The purpose of this study was to establish seroprevalence of M. bovis. The sera were screened using the ELISA technique. A total seroprevalence of 65.8% in positive cattle, suspect 36.0%, negative 5.9% in TB-infected herds by PPD and dairy cattle is 3.0%, Hanwoo is 1.6% in TB-free herds. The deer of seroprevalence is 55.0% in TB-infected herd and 7.7% in TB-free herds.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.268-279
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• 2004

연구배경 : 결핵균 감염을 확인하는 방법으로 투베르쿨린 검사가 사용되고 있으나, 폐결핵을 진단하거나 배제하는데 유용성이 있는 지에 대해서는 아직까지 잘 알려져 있지 않았다. 본 연구는 폐결핵이 의심되지만 객담 도말 음성인 환자에서 투베르쿨린 검사가 폐결핵을 진단하거나 배제하는 것에 도움이 되는지와, 객담 도말 양성 환자에서 폐결핵과 NTM 폐질환을 감별하고자 할 때 도움이 되는 지를 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2002년 10월부터 2003년 8월까지 삼성서울병원 호흡기내과에 입원한 성인 환자 중 폐결핵이 감별진단에 포함된 환자 258명을 대상으로 투베르쿨린검사를 시행하여 그 결과를 분석하였다. 결 과 : 남자가 156명, 여자가 102명이었고 평균 연령은57.5세였다. 최종진단은 폐암 89명(34.5%), 폐결핵59명(22.9%), 폐렴 33명(12.8%), NTM 폐질환 24명(9.3%) 등이었다. 투베르쿨린 검사는 폐결핵 환자의 81.4%(48/59)와 비결핵성 폐질환 환자의 42.2%(84/199)에서 양성을 보였다(p<0.001). 객담 도말음성 환자 208명 중 결핵 환자의 69.4%(25/36)와 비결해성 폐질환 환자의 44.8%(77/172)에서 양성을 보여(p=0.007), 투베르쿨린 검사 양성이 폐결핵을 예측하는 민감도와 특이도는 각각 69.4%(25/36)와 55.2%(95/172)였고, 양성 예측치와 음성 예측치는 각각 24.5%(25/102)와 89.6%(95/106)였다. 폐결핵환자 31명과 NTM 폐질환 환자 19명 등 객담 도말 양성 환자 50명에서는 폐결핵 환자의 83.9%(26/31)와 NTM 폐질환 환자의 21.1%(4/15)에서 양성을 보여(p<0.001), 민감도와 특이도는 각각 83.9%(26/31)와 78.9%(15/19), 양성 예측치와 음성 예측치는 각각 86.7%(26/30)와 75.0%(15/20)였다. 결 론 : 투베르쿨린 검사는 폐결핵이 의심되지만 객담 도말 음성인 환자에서 폐결핵을 배제하는 데 그리고 도말 양성 환자에서는 폐결핵과 NTM 폐질환을 감별하는 데 임상적 유용성이 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 1995

This study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of BCG vaccination. Examination of BCG scar was done among 2,065 first year pupils and tuberculin test with 5 T.U. PPD was performed among 2,730 sixth year pupils in a primary school in Kyongju City, from March to May 1994. The results were; 1. The positive rate of BCG scar was 88.6%, and the BCG vaccination rate was 98.3% among first year pupils. 2. On tuberculin test, 56.3% was negative, 20.4% was intermediate, and 23.3% was positive among sixth year pupils. 3. The BCG vaccination rate among negative and intermediate tuberculin test pupils was 99.6%. 4. The side effects of tuberculin test were reported on 0.4%, consist of blebs and local necrosis.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.205-215
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• 1997

In this study, homogenized mixture of tubercle and pulmonary lymph node showed up tuberculin(PPD) positive dairy cattle was inoculated in experimental animal, and was cultured on medium(Lowenstein Jensen medium, 3% Ogawa). The results obtained through the survey were sumerized as follows ; 1. In experimental animal, goat and rabbits were decreased body weight(25∼28%) and died in 90 days with severe pathogenicity. Rats are slight pathogenicity. 2. Goat, rabbits and rats showed up severe lesions In lung, rabbits was also lesions other organs (kidney, appendix, ileocecum, and I lymph node). 3. Mycobacterium was grown between 5 weeks and 8 weeks on Lowenstein Jensen medium and 3% Ogawa medium. 4. Biochemical test of Mycobacterium cultured on medium was that niacin, nitrate reduction, tween 80 hydrolysis and catalase test were negative, but that urease test was positive. Therefore it was Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis).

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.208-214
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• 2002

목 적 : BCG 접종 후 투베르쿨린 반응은 사용한 백신의 종류, 백신의 상태, 투여방법, 접종시 연령, 접종후 검사하기까지의 시간 등의 다양한 요인에 따라 다르게 나타난다. 최근 흉터가 작고 이상반응이 적은 경피용 BCG의 접종이 증가하고 있으나 투베르쿨린 반응 검사 및 예방 효과 등에 대한 자료가 거의 없는 실정이다. 본 연구는 개원가에서 실시한 BCG 및 투베르쿨린 반응을 평가하고 피내 BCG 백신과 경피용 BCG 백신과의 비교, 5TU PPD와 2TU PPD의 비교를 실시하였다. 방 법 : 1997년 2월부터 2001년 6월까지 세군데의 개인 소아과 의원에서 생후 1개월경 BCG 접종을 받은 후 투베르쿨린 반응을 실시한 200명의 소아를 대상으로 의무기록지를 이용한 후향성 조사를 실시하였다. 이 중 151명은 Tokyo 172주로 경피 접종하였고 49명은 피내 접종(28명:copenhagen주, 1명:French 1173P2주, 20명:미상)하였다. 경피 접종한 151명 중 129명(64.5%)은 2TU, 22명(11%)은 5TU PPD를 사용하였고 피내 접종한 49명 중 35명(17.5%)은 2TU, 14명(7%)은 5TU PPD를 사용하였다. 결 과 : 경피용 BCG 접종군에서 2TU PPD와 5TU PPD에 대한 경결의 크기(양성률)는 $9.2{\pm}4.4mm$(86.8%), $12.4{\pm}3.5mm$(95.5%)로 5TU PPD로 검사한 경우가 2TU PPD로 검사한 경우보다 통계적으로 유의하게 더 크게 나타났다(P=0.02). 피내용 BCG 접종군에서 2TU PPD와 5TU PPD에 대한 경결의 크기(양성률)는 각각 $5.7{\pm}5.1mm$(60%), $6.6{\pm}4.8mm$(71.4%)로 두 값 사이에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다(P=0.569). 2TU PPD에 대한 반응은 경피용 BCG 접종군에서의 경결 크기(양성률)가 $9.2{\pm}4.4mm$(86.8%), 피내용 BCG 접종군에서는 $5.7{\pm}5.1mm$(60%)로 경피용 BCG 접종군에서의 경결크기가 피내용 BCG 접종군에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 크게 나타났다(P<0.001). 5TU PPD에 대한 반응은 경피용 BCG 접종군에서의 경결크기(양성률)는 $12.4{\pm}3.5mm$(95.5%), 피내용 BCG 접종군에서는 $6.6{\pm}4.8mm$(71.4%)로 역시 경피용 BCG 접종군에서 경결크기가 피내용 BCG 접종군에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 크게 나타났다(P<0.001). 결 론 : 경피용 BCG(Tokyo 172균주) 접종군의 2TU PPD와 5TU PPD에 대한 반응은 피내용 BCG 접종군에 비해 경결의 크기가 유의하게 컸고, 경피용 BCG 접종군에서 5TU PPD의 경결 크기가 2TU PPD에 비해 유의하게 크게 나타났으므로 경피용 BCG 환아들에게서의 결핵 반응 검사 결과 판독의 새로운 기준이 수립되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.