• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2020

In the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Various attempts are being made to converge new industries with IT industry to find new growth engines in the field of IT, maximizing efficiency in terms of productivity. 3D printers are also related to this, and various studies have been conducted worldwide to utilize them in the construction industry. At present, there is an active effort to study atypical structures using 3D printers. The most widely used method is the use of glass panels, however, the additional cost of the manufacturing process and thus the overall project cost cannot be ignored. In addition, the construction of the curvature of the existing two-way curved surface in the conventional flat joint method is not suitable for implementing an amorphous shape. In this paper, we propose an optimized shape through Abaqus analysis of various shapes of Space Truss interior using 3D printing technology using polymer.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2004년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.171-178
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• 2004

The purpose of optimum design for structures is to minimize the cost and to obtain the reasonable structural systems. This design algorithm have many objective functions including discrete variables as sections, weight, stiffness and shapes. Simulated annealing, Genetic algorithm and TABU algorithm are used search for these optimum values in the structural design. TABU algorithm is applied to many types structures to search for section and distribution optimization and compared with the results of Genetic algorithm for evaluating the efficiency of this algorithm. In this paper, the plane truss of 10 elements and the space truss of 25 element having 10 nodes, star dome and cable dome are analyzed as analytical models.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 추계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.703-709
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• 2001

In this paper, we analyzed the laminated composite sandwich plate structure of truss core with changing values of the designing parameters. As a result, in designing parameters of that, the more height and thickness of the laminated composite plate's core, the more increase of natural frequency. In this type of structure, in the case of applying core of the laminated composite plate and antisymmetric stacking, natural frequency has high value and we calculated the optimum angle-ply making natural frequency maximum. Natural frequency of CFRP is higher than that of GFRP. Both are materials of the laminated composite plate. The mode shapes are various along with the angle-ply of the laminated composite plate.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2018

This work provides the analytical methods to represent the updated form of stiffness or flexibility matrices using the measurements of the first few natural frequencies and the corresponding mode shapes. This study derives the mathematical forms on the variance of stiffness or flexibility matrices to minimize the performance index in the satisfaction of the eigen-function including the residual force depending on the measured data. The proposed methods can be utilized in detecting damage and updating the parameter matrices deviated from the analytical parameter matrices. The validity of the proposed methods is investigated in a numerical experiment of truss structure and the numerical results of stiffness-based and flexibility-based methods are compared. The sensitivity to the external noise is also examined for applying to the practical work.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.645-663
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• 2015

Recently, an indirect displacement estimation method using data fusion of acceleration and strain (i.e., acceleration-strain-based method) has been developed. Though the method showed good performance on beam-like structures, it has inherent limitation in applying to more general types of bridges that may have complex shapes, because it uses assumed analytical (sinusoidal) mode shapes to map the measured strain into displacement. This paper proposes an improved displacement estimation method that can be applied to more general types of bridges by building the mapping using the finite element model of the structure rather than using the assumed sinusoidal mode shapes. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated by numerical simulations on a deck arch bridge model and a three-span truss bridge model whose mode shapes are difficult to express as analytical functions. The displacements are estimated by acceleration-based method, strain-based method, acceleration-strain-based method, and the improved method. Then the results are compared with the exact displacement. An experimental validation is also carried out on a prestressed concrete girder bridge. The proposed method is found to provide the best estimate for dynamic displacements in the comparison, showing good agreement with the measurements as well.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.1-15
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• 1986

본(本) 연구(硏究)에서는 전(全) 해석과정(解析過程)을 two-Levels로 나누었다. Level 1 에서는 two-phases로 나누어 단면(斷面)을 최적화(最適化)하고, Level 2 에서는 트러스의 절점좌표(節點座標)를 변수(變數)로 하여 형상(形狀)을 최적화(最適化)하는 알고리즘을 제시(提示)한 것이다. 이 알고리즘의 Level 1 에서는 유도(誘導)된 비선형계획문제(非緣形計劃問題)를 SUMT 문제(問題)로 변환(變換)시켜 Modified Newton-Raphson Method에 의한 SUMT 법(法)을 채택하고, Leve1 2 에서는 Powell Method의 일방향(一方向) 탐사기법(探査技法)에 의해 목적함수(目的凾數)만이 최소(最小)가 되도록 하는 기법(技法)을 도입하여 최적화(最適化)알고리즘을 제시(提示)하였다. 제시(提示)된 알고리즘을 트러스의 형태(形態), 설계제약조건(設計制約條件), 재하조건(載荷條件) 등을 변화(變化)시켜 가면서 수종의 트러스에 적용(適用)하여 수치계산(數値計算)을 실시하고, 그 결과(結果)를 다른 알고리즘의 결과(結果)와 비교(比較)하므로서 알고리즘의 타당성(妥當性), 안전성(安全性), 적용성(適用性)을 검토하였다. 연구결과(硏究結果)의 two-Level 알고리즘은 트러스의 설계조건(設計條件)에 구애받지 않고 트러스의 형상최적화(形狀最適化)에 적용(適用)할 수 있으며, 안정성(安定性) 있게 비교적(比較的) 빠른 속도(速度)로 최적해(最適解)에 수렴(收斂)한다는 사실이 확인되었다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.421-436
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• 2023

This paper presents a vibration displacement measurement and damage identification method for a space truss structure from its vibration videos. Features from Accelerated Segment Test (FAST) algorithm is combined with adaptive threshold strategy to detect the feature points of high quality within the Region of Interest (ROI), around each node of the truss structure. Then these points are tracked by Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi (KLT) algorithm along the video frame sequences to obtain the vibration displacement time histories. For some cases with the image plane not parallel to the truss structural plane, the scale factors cannot be applied directly. Therefore, these videos are processed with homography transformation. After scale factor adaptation, tracking results are expressed in physical units and compared with ground truth data. The main operational frequencies and the corresponding mode shapes are identified by using Subspace Stochastic Identification (SSI) from the obtained vibration displacement responses and compared with ground truth data. Structural damages are quantified by elemental stiffness reductions. A Bayesian inference-based objective function is constructed based on natural frequencies to identify the damage by model updating. The Success-History based Adaptive Differential Evolution with Linear Population Size Reduction (L-SHADE) is applied to minimise the objective function by tuning the damage parameter of each element. The locations and severities of damage in each case are then identified. The accuracy and effectiveness are verified by comparison of the identified results with the ground truth data.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.49-59
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• 1985

탄성(彈性) 이론(理論)에 의하여 트러스의 형상최적화(形狀最適化) 문제(問題)를 형성(形成)하게 되면 부재(部材)의 단면적(斷面積)과 절점(節點)의 좌표(座標)를 동시에 고려(考慮)해야 하는 복잡(複雜)한 비선형(非線型) 계획문제(計劃問題)가 된다. 이런 비선형(非線形) 계획문제(計劃問題)를 해석(解析)할 수 있도록 제시(提示)된 기법(技法)이 별로 없고 현재 사용(使用)하고 있는 기법(技法)들도 실제(實際)의 적용(適用)에 제한(制限)을 받는 경우가 많다. 그러므로 트러스의 형태(形態), 재하조건(載荷條件) 등에 구애됨이 없이 트러스의 형상(形狀)을 최적화(最適化)할 수 있는 일반(一般) 해석기법(解析技法)이 필요(必要)한 것이다. 이에 본연구(本硏究)에서는 전(全) 해석과정(解析過程) two-phases로 나누어 phase 1 에서는 단면(斷面)을 최적화(最適化)하고 phase 2 에서는 트러스의 절점좌표(節點座標)를 변수(變數)로 하여 형상(形狀)을 최적화(最適化)하는 알고리즘을 개발(開發)한 것이다. 이 알고리즘의 phase 1 에서 유도(誘導)된 비선형(非線型) 계획문제(計劃問題)를 SUMT 문제(問題)로 변환(變換)시켜 Modified Newton-Raphson Method에 의한 SUMT 법(法)을 채택(採擇)하고 phase 2 에서는 Rosenbrock Method의 일방향(一方向) 탐사기법(探査技法)에 의해 목적함수(目的凾數)만이 최소(最小)가 되도록 하는 기법(技法)을 도입(導入)하여 최적화(最適化) 알고리즘 개발(開發)하였다. 개발(開發)된 알고리즘을 트러스의 형태(形態), 설계제약조건(設計制約條件), 재하조건(載河條件) 등을 변화(變化)시켜 가면서 수종(數種)의 트러스에 적용(適用)하여 수치계산(數値計算)을 실시(實施)하고 그 결과(結果)를 다른 알고리즘의 결과(結果)와 정교(正較)하므로서 개발(開發)된 알고리즘의 타당성(妥當性) 안정성(安定性) 적용성(適用性)을 검토(檢討)하였다. 연구(硏究) 결과(結果) 개발(開發)된 이 two-phases 알고리즘은 트러스의 설계조건(設計條件)에 구애받지 않고 트러스의 형상최적화(形狀最適化)에 적용(適用)할 수 있으며 안정성(安定性)있게 빠른 속도(速度)로 최적해(最適解)에 수렴(收斂)한다는 사실(事實)이 확인(確認)되었다. 이에 본(本) 알고리즘을 트러스의 형상최적화(形狀最適化) 알고리즘으로 새로이 제안(提案)하고 본(本) 알고리즘이트러스의 경제적(經劑的)인 설계(設計)에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 사료(思料)된다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.13-27
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 기하학적 비선형 해석을 통해 완성계 사장교의 주요한 좌굴 거동 특성을 규명하였다. 본 해석 연구에서는 케이블의 자중에 의한 새그효과, 주탑 및 거더의 보-기둥 효과, 그리고 대변위 효과 등의 주요한 기하학적 비선형성이 직접적인 비선형 해석을 통해 고려되었다. 주탑과 거더는 비선형 프레임 요소로 모델링 되었고, 케이블은 비선형 등가 트러스 요소로 모델링 되었다. 차량하중으로 가정된 활하중이 고려되었는데, 활하중 해석 전에 고정하중을 합리적으로 고려하기 위해 초기 형상 해석이 수행되었다. 작용하는 활하중 형태에 따른 주요한 비선형 반응을 케이블 배치 형식에 따라 비교 하였고, 이 후 좌굴 안정성에 큰 영향을 미치는 활하중 형태에 대해 케이블의 배치 형식, 주탑과 거더 간 강성비, 케이블의 단면적, 케이블의 단수 등의 기하학적 특성이 좌굴 모드 및 임계 하중 계수의 변화에 미치는 영향을 규명하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제77권4호
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• pp.495-508
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• 2021

This study devises a novel approach, namely quadruple 1D convolutional neural network, for detecting connection stiffness reduction in steel truss bridge structure using experimental and numerical modal data. The method is developed based on expertise in two domains: firstly, in Structural Health Monitoring, the mode shapes and its high-order derivatives, including second, third, and fourth derivatives, are accurate indicators in assessing damages. Secondly, in the Machine Learning literature, the deep convolutional neural networks are able to extract relevant features from input data, then perform classification tasks with high accuracy and reduced time complexity. The efficacy and effectiveness of the present method are supported through an extensive case study with the railway Nam O bridge. It delivers highly accurate results in assessing damage localization and damage severity for single as well as multiple damage scenarios. In addition, the robustness of this method is tested with the presence of white noise reflecting unavoidable uncertainties in signal processing and modeling in reality. The proposed approach is able to provide stable results with data corrupted by noise up to 10%.