• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to find out which exercise is more effective for the activation of the trunk, when the suspension plank and modified bridge exercise are performed. Weakening of the trunk muscles can lead to secondary injuries such as back injuries. In order to prevent injury, trunk muscles must be strengthened, and representative trunk strengthening exercises include planks and bridges. Each has been developed with a modified method, but since there is no paper comparing which exercise is more effective for trunk muscle strength, it was written to compare the two exercises. METHODS: The subjects were a random sample of 30 healthy men who agreed to participate in the study. The subjects were divided into two groups of 15 people each, and the suspension plank and the modified bridge exercise were performed for six weeks. The thickness of the transverse abdominis (TrA), internal abdominal oblique (IO), external abdominal oblique (EO), rectus abdominis (RA), multifidus (MF) was measured before and after the exercise. The two groups were analyzed using an independent t-test and paired t-test to compare the muscle thickness and the difference before and after exercise. RESULTS: The trunk muscle thickness was increased in both groups with suspension plank and modified bridge exercise, and there was a statistically significant difference. When comparing the two groups, the suspension plank group also showed a significant difference in RA (p<.05). CONCLUSION: As a result of this study, suspension plank exercise can have a positive effect on activating the trunk muscles and strengthening the strength of RA. Therefore, it is considered that suspension plank exercise is a more effective intervention to strengthen trunk muscle than modified bridge exercise.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.113-124
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of strengthening program for improving the muscle strength and body function in rehabilitation of patients with stroke Methods : We found the 15 precedent studies at online portal site of "Korea education and Research information service" and found 5 precedent studies at "Pubmed". We analyzed and describe the total 19 studies involving national and international research. Results : The strengthening exercise was adapted to lower extremities and trunk muscle of participants and the isokinetic (concentric and eccentric) exercise was most of exercise type and then manual isometric exercise, functional activities, progressive task oriented resistance exercise, PNF pattern exercise was following. The studies reported that the strengthening program increased target muscle strength and improved balance capacity and walking function for the participants positively. Conclusion : Conclusionally the several strengthening program can be the intervention to increase the muscle strength without increasing spasticity for patients with stroke. We think that the strengthening of lower extremities an improve balance capacity and walking ability and it can use the intervention to change the quality of life in patients with stroke. More than 3weeks strength program might be effectiveness, in case of acute patients with stroke, the improving of muscle strength is available but need to study for improving balance and walking capacity more in the future.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.2413-2419
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• 2015

Core spinal muscles are related to trunk stability and assume the main role of stabilizing the spine during daily activities; strengthening of core muscles around the spine can therefore reduce the chance of back pain. The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of core muscle strengthening in the spine during spine stabilization exercise using a whole body tilt device. To achieve this, a validated musculoskeletal (MS) model of the whole body was used to replicate the input motion from the whole body tilting exercise. An inverse dynamics analysis was executed to estimate spine loads and muscle forces depending on the tilting angles of the exercise device. The activation of long and superficial back muscles such as the erector spinae (iliocostalis and longissimus) were mainly affected by the forward direction (-40°) of the tilt, while the front muscles (psoas major, quadratus lumborum, and external and internal obliques) were mainly affected by the backward tilting direction (40°). Deep muscles such as the multifidi and short muscles were activated in most directions of the rotation and tilt. The backward directions of the tilt using this device could be carefully applied for the elderly and for rehabilitation patients who are expected to have less muscle strength. In this study, it was shown that the spine stabilization exercise device can provide considerable muscle exercise effect.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2006

This study planed to analyze durability of effect and result that the Medx and Sling exercise gets to the strength of lumbar extensors. 15 patients who had enforce the minimal invasive lumbar surgery were executed 3 times per week for 8 weeks. The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of the mixed exercises of the Medx and Sling program on lumbar trunk muscles and to present basic data for the proper exercise prescription for lumbar patients. The results were as follows: 1) Left: Patients by lumbar hernia operation of trunk muscle strength by Sling-exercise: 0, 45, 90, 135, 180 (degree) treatment periods (P<0.05). 2) Right: Patients by lumbar hernia operation of trunk muscle strength by Sling-Exercise: 0, 45, 90, 135, 180 (degree) treatment periods (P<0.05). Medx treatment, a muscle strengthening lumbar extension exercise program, was now being used at local hospitals. In addition, Sling exercise, which is designed to develop lumbar muscle by way of reducing gravity in a new way so that it can accelerate the growth of muscles and ligaments in-depth in the patients, also has begun to be introduced gradually. In this study, therefore, the new mixed program (Sling and Medx training)can used as an exercise program that can reduce pain and increase lumbar muscles, not only for disk disease patients but also for all those who have undergone surgery or who haven't undergone surgery, who have chronic pain, and it also can be utilized as basic data for the new method of exercise.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.315-321
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• 2020

Purpose: Recent studies have indicated that applying different inclination angles and suspension devices could be a useful way of performing exercises that include the co-activation of the trunk muscles. Present study was to examine the influences of changes in the inclination angle during trunk muscle activity while engaging in a bridge exercise with a suspension device. Methods: 18 healthy, physically active male volunteers completed three trunk inclination angles (15°, 30°, and 45°) for bridge exercise variations. The surface electromyography responses of the rectus abdominis, internal oblique (IO), erector spinae (ES), and rectus femoris (RF), as well as the subjective difficulty (Borg RPE score), were investigated during these bridge exercises. Results: The bridge with a 45° inclination angle suspension significantly increased the muscular activities of the RA and RF and increased the Borg RPE scores (p<0.05). The bridge with a 15° suspension significantly elevated the ES activities when compared to the other conditions. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that a higher inclination angle could not activate the overall trunk muscles during the bridge exercise. The RA and RF produced greater activation during the bridge exercise with the higher inclination angle. On the other hand, the activities of the erector spine were greater during the bridge exercise with the lower inclination angle. The present study suggests that applying a low trunk inclination angle for the supine bridge exercise is suitable for activating the erector spine muscles.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2023

Background: Excessive hamstring (HS) activation due to the weakness of the gluteus maximus (GM) causes pain in the hip joint. A single-leg deadlift is a hip extensor exercise, especially GM, that includes functional movements in daily life and complex multi-joint training. In single-leg deadlift, the muscle activity depends on the forward trunk lean angle, and it's necessary to study which muscles are used dominantly depending on the angle. Objects: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect on the muscle activity of the GM and HS during single-leg deadlift according to different forward trunk lean angles and the ratio of the GM vs HS (GM/HS). Methods: Twenty-one healthy female participants were recruited. The muscles activities of the GM, HS and the GM/HS ratio were measured through electromyography during single-leg deadlift according to three condition of forward trunk lean angles (30°, 60°, and 90°). Results: The GM and HS activities significantly differed among three conditions (p < 0.05). GM/HS ratio was significantly higher at 30° and 60° of forward trunk lean compared to 90°. Moreover, the GM activity was significantly higher at 60° of forward trunk lean than at 30° (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The single-leg deadlift at 60° of forward trunk lean is a proper GM muscle strengthening exercise.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.4098-4106
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• 2012

본 연구는 경직성 양하지 뇌성마비 아동을 대상으로 하여 체간 근력 강화 운동이 앉은 자세 균형 수행력과 근 긴장도 변화에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 하였다. 대상자는 대운동 분류 시스템 제 IV단계의 경직성 양하지 뇌성마비 아동 16명을 무작위로 배분하여 주 3회 6주 동안 실시하였고, 실험군은 체간 근력 강화 운동을 대조군은 기본 물리치료만 실시하였다. 체간 근력 강화 운동은 복부근과 배부근 강화를 위한 2가지 운동으로 구성하였다. 대상자들의 균형 수행력 측정은 BPM(Balance Performance Monitor)를 사용하였고 근 긴장도 측정은 MMAS(Modified Modified Ashworth Scale)를 사용하였다. 연구 결과, 앉은 자세 균형수행력 변화에서 실험군과 대조군의 동요거리, 동요속도에서 유의한 차이가 있었고(p<.05), 앉은 자세 균형 수행력 변화 비교에서 실험군과 대조군 사이에 동요속도, 동요거리에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 또한 근긴장도 측정 결과 실험군과 대조군의 무릎관절 굽힘근, 엉덩관절 모음근에서 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다(p>.05). 따라서 실험군과 대조군 모두에서 균형 수행력 향상이 나타났지만 실험군에서 조금 더 유의하게 향상되었고, 근 긴장도의 변화는 두 군에서 나타나지 않았다. 경직성 양하지 뇌성마비 아동에게 체간 근력 강화 운동은 근 긴장도의 변화 없이 앉은 자세 균형 수행력을 향상시키는데 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of leg lift difference on serratus and upper trapezius when exercising in a scapula in a prone position, a typical waist stabilization exercise for subjects with a winged scapula. Method: Twenty normal adults and 20 subjects with winged scapula participated in the experiment. The surface EMG recordings were obtained from external oblique muscle and internal oblique muscle during scapula protraction exercise. The presence or absence of winging of the shoulder bone was measured using an electronic digital caliper for the distance the medial border of the scapula is lifted to the rear. In prostrate pier movement posture in both groups, both legs supporting, dominant leg lifting, and non-dominant leg lifting including the scapula protraction were conducted respectively. Results: In the results of comparison between the two groups, the dominant external oblique muscle and the non-dominant internal oblique muscle tended to increase according to the difference of the leg lifting of normal people. In the winged scapula group, internal oblique muscle showed increased muscle activity more than external oblique muscle. Conclusion: It was most effective to exercise with lifting the same position leg for strengthening the same external oblique muscle, and the opposite internal oblique muscle. Also, it is effective to exercise in prone pier movement posture for trunk stability. In addition, internal oblique muscle shows increased muscle activity in subjects with winged scapula. Therefore, appropriate adjustment of external oblique muscle and internal oblique muscle may have a positive effect on scapula dysfunction for trunk stability.

• 재활복지공학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 3차원 척추 안정화 운동이 고령자의 체간 근력 및 신체 구성 변화에 미치는 효과에 대해 검증하고자 하였다. 피험자는 건강한 65세 이상 고령자 40명(훈련군 20명, 대조군 20명)으로 구성하였다. 피험자는 실험 전 후 척추안정화 훈련 장치를 이용하여 8가지 방향에 대한 근력 평가를 수행하였다. 또한 체성분 분석기를 이용하여 신체 구성 변화에 대한 평가를 수행하였다. 훈련군은 척추 안정화 훈련 시스템에서 방향성 훈련(F, FOR, R, BOR, B, BOL, L, FOL)을 제공하였으며, 탄력 밴드 운동, 근력 강화 체조, 걷기 운동으로 구성된 복합운동을 30분간 수행하였다. 대조군은 척추 안정화 운동을 제외한 복합운동을 실시하였으며, 모든 훈련은 주 3회, 총 8주간 실시하였다. 그 결과 훈련군은 체간 근력이 실험 전 79.9점에서 8주 후 85.6점으로 유의하게 증가하는 결과를 보였으며, 신체구성에서도 체중 감소, 체지방 감소, BMI 지수 감소 등의 결과를 나타내었다. 반면, 대조군의 경우 체간 근력의 변화는 없었지만 골격근량 증가, 체지방 감소 등의 운동 효과를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과는 척추 안정화 운동이 고령자의 체간 근력 및 신체구성 발달을 유도하여 고령자의 비만 및 낙상 예방에 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다. 향후 이러한 데이터를 기반으로 척추 안정화 훈련기기와 복합운동을 조합하여 고령자들에게 효과적인 재활 운동 프로그램 개발에 응용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.64-72
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• 2022

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of wall squat exercise according to the difference in the support surface on the thickness change of external oblique, internal oblique and transverse abdominalis of the trunk muscles and the change in distance of center of pressure when the eyes are opened and closed. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: The subjects were 26 healthy adults, 18 males and 8 females. The composition of each group using the single-blind method was 13 people in the unstable side wall squat exercise group and 13 people in the stable side wall squat exercise group. Experimental measurements were divided into before, 3 weeks, and 6 weeks after the experiment, and changes in muscle thickness and balance were confirmed. Muscle thickness was measured using ultrasinic, and static balance change was measured using Bio-rescue. Results: There were significant differences in the thickness changes of external oblique, internal oblique and transverse abdominalis according to the wall squat exercise method by period and in the interaction between the period and the group (p<0.05). As a result of the post-hoc analysis, there was a significant difference in the change between the two groups in external oblique muscle after 6 weeks. And there was a significant difference in the distance of the pressure center between eyes open and closed eyes (p<0.05). Conclusion: In terms of instability, wall squat exercise was positive for changes in trunk muscle thickness. It suggests the possibility of using it for trunk muscle strengthening training in the future.