• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.340-348
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• 2003

한반도 남해안의 중앙부에 위치한 광양만에서 표층퇴적물의 시ㆍ공간적 변화를 조사하기 위하여 표층퇴적물과 부유퇴적물에 대한 퇴적학적 조사를 실시하였다. 표층퇴적물은 광양만이 개발되기 이전에는 섬진강 삼각주를 중심으로 서측을 향해 세립해지는 동-서 방향의 분포를 보였으나, 광양제철소가 건설된 이후에는 섬진강 삼각주가 파괴되고 동-서 방향의 분포로 변화하였다. 또한, 광양 컨테이너부두와 각종 산업단지가 조성된 최근에는 동-서 방향의 분포가 파괴되고 남-북 방향의 분포로 변화하였으며, 만의 남서측을 중심으로 평균입도가 뚜렷하게 세립해지는 경향을 보였다. 이와 같은 현상은 광양만 개발에 따른 조류에너지의 감소에 기인한 것으로 해석되며, 이러한 세립화는 개발이 진행됨에 따라 더욱 가속화 될 것으로 생각된다. 한편 부유퇴적물의 분포 특성과 거동에 관한 연구 결과, 광양만에서 부유퇴적물은 만 내부로 유입되는 양이 외부로 유출되는 양에 비해 많았으며, 부유퇴적물의 유출입은 남측보다는 북측의 만 입구를 통해, 그리고 표층과 중층보다는 저층을 통해 주로 이루어지고 있음이 확인되었다. 따라서 광양만은 퇴적우세환경으로 표층퇴적물의 세립화는 만 외부에서 공급되는 부유퇴적물(주로 점토)의 집적에 의해 주로 이루어지는 것으로 해석된다.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2011년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.17.2-17.2
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• 2011

Double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) were grown with vertical alignment on a Si wafer by using catalytic thermal chemical vapor deposition. This study investigated the effect of pre-annealing time of catalyst on the types of CNTs grown on the substrate. The catalyst layer is usually evolved into discretely distributed nanoparticles during the annealing and initial growth of CNTs. The 0.5-nm-thick Fe served as a catalyst, underneath which Al was coated as a catalyst support as well as a diffusion barrier on the Si substrate. Both the catalyst and support layers were coated by using thermal evaporation. CNTs were synthesized for 10 min by flowing 60 sccm of Ar and 60 sccm of H2 as a carrier gas and 20 sccm of C2H2 as a feedstock at 95 torr and $750^{\circ}C$. In this study, the catalyst and support layers were subject to annealing for 0~420 sec. As-grown CNTs were characterized by using field emission scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The annealing for 90~300 sec caused the growth of DWCNTs as high as ~670 ${\mu}m$ for 10 min while below 90 sec and over 420 sec 300~830 ${\mu}m$-thick triple and multiwalled CNTs occurred, respectively. Several radial breathing mode (RBM) peaks in the Raman spectra were observed at the Raman shifts of 112~191 cm-1, implying the presence of DWCNTs, TWCNTs, MWCNTs with the tube diameters 3.4, 4.0, 6.5 nm, respectively. The maximum ratio of DWCNTs was observed to be ~85% at the annealing time of 180 sec. The Raman spectra of the as-grown DWCNTs showed low G/D peak intensity ratios, indicating their low defect concentrations. As increasing the annealing time, the catalyst layer seemed to be granulated, and then grown to particles with larger sizes but fewer numbers by Ostwald ripening.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.81-97
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• 2020

Objectives: The objective of this study is to review the methods of combining acupoints of HANGYEOK(Cooling Mode) and YEOLGYEOK(Heating Mode) in Saam Acupuncture Method. Methods: We searched and investigated the journals and literatures by OASIS(Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine) and relevant searching engines with the key word "Saam, Hangyeok, Yeolgyeok". Unfortunately there was no relevant articles on this theme except six literatures. Six literatures with the key words relevant to Saam and acupuncture were selected and analyzed according to each composition of acupuncture prescription especially focusing on HANGYEOK and YEOLGYEOK. Results: Analyzing HANGYEOK and YEOLGYEOK of 12 meridians, two different methods emerged. In HANGYEOK to treat Heat Pattern, one method is to tonify Water points and directly sedate Fire points. The other is also to tonify Water point, but sedate Earth points instead of Fire points. It is assumed that Earth sedation method is to eradicate the underlying Fire. In only Heart meridian and Pericardium meridian there is one method to treat Heat Pattern: Water tonification and Fire Sedation. In YEOLGYEOK to treat Cold Pattern, there is one method to tonify Fire points and sedate Water points. In Pericardium meridian and Triple Energizer meridian there are some different combination of acupoints depending on literatures. Conclusions: Considering HANGYEOK and YEOLGYEOK in Saam Acupuncture Method, two methods are mainly discussed in HANGYEOK; Water Tonification Fire Sedation and Water Tonification Earth Sedation. To remove the underlying Fire, it is regarded that Water Tonification Earth Sedation is appropriate and close to Saam's thought.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권8호
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• pp.2425-2430
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• 2013

A simple, fast and robust analytical method was developed to determine imatinib in human plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization in the positive ion mode. Imatinib and labeled internal standard were extracted from plasma with a simple protein precipitation. The chromatographic separation was performed using an isocratic elution of mobile phase involving 5.0 mM ammonium formate in water-5.0 mM ammonium formate in methanol (30:70, v/v) over 3.0 min on reversed-stationary phase. The detection was performed using a triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer in multiple-reaction monitoring mode. The developed method was validated with lower limit of quantification of 10 ng/mL. The calibration curve was linear over 10-2000 ng/mL ($R^2$ > 0.99). The method validation parameters met the acceptance criteria. The spiked samples and standard solutions were stable under conditions for storage and handling. The reliable method was successfully applied to real sample analyses and thus a pharmacokinetic study in 27 healthy Korean male volunteers.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.914-920
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• 2000

When the charge-trap type SONOS(polysilicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-semiconductor) cells are used to flash memory, the tunneling program/erase condition to minimize the generation of interface traps was investigated. SONOSFET NVSM(Nonvolatile Semiconductor Memory) cells were fabricated using 0.35 ㎛ standard memory cell embedded logic process including the ONO cell process, based on retrograde twin-well, single-poly, single metal CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) process. The thickness of ONO triple-dielectric for the memory cell is tunnel oxide of 24 $\AA$, nitride of 74 $\AA$, blocking oxide of 25 $\AA$, respectively. The program mode(V$\_$g/=7, 8, 9 V, V$\_$s/=V$\_$d/=-3 V, V$\_$b/=floating) and the erase mode(V$\_$g/=-4, -5, -6 V, V$\_$s/=V$\_$d/=floating, V$\_$b/=3 V) by MFN(Modified Fowler-Nordheim) tunneling were used. The proposed programming condition for the flash memory of SONOSFET NVSM cells showed less degradation(ΔV$\_$th/, S, G$\_$m/) characteristics than channel MFN tunneling operation. Also, the program inhibit conditins of unselected cell for separated source lines NOR-type flash memory application were investigated. we demonstrated that the phenomenon of the program disturb did not occur at source/drain voltage of 1 V∼12 V and gate voltage of -8 V∼4 V.

• Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.130-139
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• 2018

This study aimed to analyze a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation using a pentafluorophenyl column of parent drug hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and its active metabolite, desethylhydroxchloroquine (DHCQ) applying to determine bioequivalence of two different formulations administered to patients. A rapid, simple, sensitive and specific liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method has been developed and validated for bioanalysis of HCQ and its metabolite DHCQ in human whole blood using deuterium derivative $hydroxychloroquine-D_4$ as an internal standard (IS). A triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer was operated using electrospray ionization in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Sample preparation involves a two-step precipitation of protein techniques. The removed protein blood samples were chromatographed on a pentafluorophenyl (PFP) column ($50mm{\times}4.6mm$, $2.6{\mu}m$) with a mobile phase (ammonium formate solution containing dilute formic acid) in an isocratic mode at a flow rate of 0.45 mL/min. The standard curves were found to be linear in the range of 2 - 500 ng/mL for HCQ; 2 - 2,000 ng/mL for DHCQ in spite of lacking a highly sensitive MS spectrometry system. Results of intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy were within acceptable limits. A run time of 2.2 min for HCQ and 2.03 min for DHCQ in blood sample facilitated the analysis of more than 300 human whole blood samples per day. Taken together, we concluded that the assay developed herein represents a highly qualified technology for the quantification of HCQ in human whole blood for a parallel design bioequivalence study in a healthy male.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2008

정보통신 패러다임은 전파를 기반으로 하는 유비쿼터스 환경으로 급변하고 있으며, 무선 유비쿼터스 통신을 가능케하는 안테나 기술은 눈부시게 발전하고 있다. 소형 칩 안테나는 외장형 AP(Access Point) 안테나와 달리 작은 카드에 내장된다. 수요 가격 특성의 문제 등 종합적으로 고려했을 때, 세라믹의 상대 유전율은 9.8, 두께는 3.5mm와 5mm를 사용하였다. 설계 제작된 WLAN(Wireless Local Area Network)용 안테나는 2.4~2.5GHz & 4.9~5.85GHz의 광대역 특성을 가지며, 안테나는 IEEE 802.11.a,g 그리고 b까지 트리플 모드로 사용할 수 있으며, 전 주파수 대역에서 비교적 일정한 성능을 갖는다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2004년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(2)
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• pp.549-552
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• 2004

The thesis describes the design of 12bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC) which shows the conversion rate of 500MHz and the power supply of 3.3V with 0.35${\mu}m$ CMOS 1-poly 4-metal process for advanced wireless transceiver of high speed and high resolution. The proposed DAC employes segmented structure which consists of 6bit MSB, 3bit mSB, 3bit LSB for area efficiency Also, using a optimized aspect ratio of process and new triple diagonal symmetric centroid sequence for high yield and high linearity. The proposed 12bit current mode DAC was employs new deglitch circuit for the decrement of the glitch energy. Simulation results show the conversion rate of 500MHz, and the power dissipation of 85mW at single 3.3V supply voltage. Both DNL and INL are found to be smaller than ${\pm}0.65LSB/{\pm}0.8LSB$.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.103-107
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• 2009

본 논문은 WLAN(Wireless Local Area Network)용 이중대역 칩 안테나를 설계 제작하였고, 외장형 AP(Access Point) 안테나와 달리 작은 LAN카드에 내장된다. 안테나의 사이즈에 제한이 있으므로 가능한 유전율이 높은 유전체를 이용하였으며, 수급의 문제, 가격의 문제, 특성의 문제 등을 종합적으로 고려했을 때, 세라믹의 상대 유전율은 9.8, 두께는 3.5mm와 5mm를 사용하였다. 설계 제작된 세라믹 안테나는 IEEE 802.11.a,g 그리고 b까지 트리플 모드로 사용할 수 있을 뿐 아니라 광대역에서 사용할 수 있다. 사용가능한 주파수 밴드는 2.4~2.5GHz & 4.9~5.85GHz의 광대역 특성을 가지며, 전 주파수 대역에서 비교적 일정한 성능을 갖는다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2011

세 채널로 구성된 나노 크기의 플라즈마 방향성 결합기가 모드 결합효과와 립형 전송구조를 사용하여 설계되었다. 종방향 모드 전송선로 해석법을 이용하여 방향성 결합기에서 전파하는 빛의 전파특성과 설계특성들을 분석하였다. 전력분배기로 동작하는 플라즈마 방향성 결합기는 약 200~250 nm의 전송 폭을 갖는 나노 크기로 설계하였다. 최적의 전력분배율을 얻기 위하여 중심 채널의 폭 변화에 따른 전송 모드들의 굴절률을 분석하였다. 결국, 하향 채널에서 입사된 광 신호를 각 채널을 통하여 출력하는 나노 크기의 플라즈마 방향성 결합기가 설계되었다.