• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.215-223
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• 2020

2015 개정 교육과정 초등학교 6종 실과 교과서 소프트웨어 단원과 로봇 차시에 제시된 523개 발문 유형을 분석한 결과, SW 단원에서는 폐쇄적 발문이 77.1%, 개방적 발문이 22.9%로 나타났고 로봇 단원에서는 폐쇄적 발문이 74.8%, 개방적 발문이 25.2%로 나타났다. 폐쇄적 발문 중심인 SW 교과서 발문의 한계를 보완하고 교사들이 교육 목적과 활동 내용에 따라 컴퓨팅 사고력 신장을 위한 다양한 컴퓨터 교육에 활용할 수 있는 CT마중발문을 개발하였다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.221-227
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• 2015

In this study, Multi-Array Electrodes (MAE) and Programmable Multi-channel Electrical Stimulator (PMES) were implemented for firing Trigger Points (TPs) of the patient with Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS). MAE has 25 Ag/AgCl electrodes arranged in the form of array ($5{\times}5$) fabricated with flexible pad, which are applicable to be easy-attached to curved specific region of the human body. PMES consisted of 25 channels. Each channel was to generate various electric stimulus patterns (ESPs) by changing the mono-phasic or bi-phasic of ESP, On/Off duration of ESP, the interval between ESP, and amplitude of ESP. PMES hardware was composed of Host PC, Stimulation Pattern Editing Program (SPEP), and Multi-channel Electrical Stimulator (MES). Experiments were performed using MAE and PMES as the following. First experiment was performed to evaluate the function for each channel of Sub- Micro Controller Unit (SMCU) in MES. Second experiment was conducted on whether ESP applied from each channel of SMCU in PMES was focused to the electrode set to the ground, after applying ESP being output from each channel of SMCU in PMES to MAE.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 제39회 하계학술대회
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• pp.2210-2211
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• 2008

In this paper, we investigated the quenching characteristics of a superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) with connection of $2{\times}3$ matrixes. This SFCL consists of the trigger part to apply magnetic field and the current-limiting part to limit the fault current. When the fault occurs, the magnetic field generated in the reactor connected in parallel was applied to the two superconducting units of the current-limiting part to reduce of inhomogeneous critical current behavior between the superconducting units. The quenching behavior of a superconducting unit in the trigger part was affected by the increase of turn numbers. This is because of the difference of current distribution between the inductance of the reactors and the resistance generated in the superconducting units in trigger part. We confirmed that the voltage differences between two superconducting units of the current-limiting part were decreased. This is because of the improvement of inhomogeneous critical current behavior between the superconducting units according to the increase of external magnetic field.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2006

최근 홍수피해의 문제점을 분석해 보면 기상 이변으로 집중호우가 발생하고 특히, 국지적인 호우에 의한 돌발홍수(flash flood)로 인한 피해가 빈번하게 발생하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 하천 지역의 돌발홍수의 특성을 밝혀 보고자 GIS 기법을 이용하여 하천 유역의 수문학적 돌발홍수 예측모형을 지형기후학적순간단위유량도를 적용하여 구축하였다. DB는 GIS를 사용하여 구축하였으며 DEM으로부터 유역과 하천을 추출하였다. 연구지역의 하천은 소, 중, 대규모 유역을 포함하였다. 돌발홍수경보에 관한 기준설정을 위해 첨두홍수량과 한계유량을 결정하였다. 한계유량은 지형기후학적 단위유량도 모델로 계산되었고 지형인자와의 적합도를 분석하였다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.407-424
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• 2004

본 연구는 지형 기후학적 단위유량도(Geomorphoclimatic Unit Hydrograph, GCUH)가 산악지역의 유출량과 돌발홍수 기준우량을 산정하는데 적절한지를 검토한 것으로, 우선 산악지역의 유출량을 산정하는데 적절한 방범인지를 덕천강 유역에 대해 확률강우량으로 지형기후학적 단위유량도의 첨두유량과 기존 보고서의 착률 홍수량 자료를 비교하는 방법과 실측 호우사상을 HEC-HMS(Hydrologic Engineering Center-Hydrologic Modeling System) 모형과 지형기후학적 단위유량도에서 산정된 첨두 유량을 태수지점의 실측자료와 비교함으로써 지형기후학적 단위유량도의 타당성을 검증하려했고 지형기후학적 단위유량도와 NRCS(Natural Resources Conservation Service) 방법을 이용하여 돌발홍수 기준우량을 산정함으로써 산악지역의 돌발홍수 기준우량 산정 방법을 제시했다. 덕천강 유역에 대해 확률강우량으로 첨두 유량을 비교한 경우 표 11과 같이 대체로 30년 빈도를 제외하곤 비율이 1.1을 초과하지 않았고, 실측 호우사상으로 첨두유량을 비교한 경우 표 12와 같이 지형기후학적 단위유량도 결과가 HEC-HMS 모형보다 모두 크게 나타났고 태수 수위표의 실측치와 대체로 유사하게 나타났다. 따라서, 본 연구에서 지형기후학적 단위유량도를 이용한 산악지역의 유출량 산정이 타당함을 확인했고 이를 이용해 덕천강 유역의 돌발홍수 기준우량을 산정한 결과 한계유출량이 95.59 $m^3$/sec일때, 최초 10분 동안에 12.96 mm가 발생하면 위험한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.122-139
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• 2009

USN Middleware plays roles of broker between sensors and applications. It collects sensor data, decides the situation and sends the result to the applications. It is not good to decide the situation from one sensor data, because it may error data or reflect small part of all. In this paper, we propose the disaster management model based on the concept 'group' and 'semantic information' from the sensing data. Group is the primary unit to decide the situation. It consists of several sensors which were installed in the same place and had the same pre-defined condition to act. For example, all fire sensors in the room simultaneously trigger the ring when the same pre-defined temperature is recorded. Then, the all fire sensors are included to the same one sensor group. All operations of the intelligent USN middleware are based on the 'group' unit. Disaster information is the result of the interpretation of the sensing data. based on the 'group', the disaster meaning is processed.

• 대한신경집중치료학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2018

Management of mechanical ventilation is essential for patients with neuro-critical illnesses who may also have impairment of airways, lungs, respiratory muscles, and respiratory drive. However, balancing the approach to mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU) with the need to prevent additional lung and brain injury, is challenging to intensivists. Lung protective ventilation strategies should be modified and applied to neuro-critically ill patients to maintain normocapnia and proper positive end expiratory pressure in the setting of neurological closed monitoring. Understanding the various parameters and graphic waveforms of the mechanical ventilator can provide information about the respiratory target, including appropriate tidal volume, airway pressure, and synchrony between patient and ventilator, especially in patients with neurological dysfunction due to irregularity of spontaneous respiration. Several types of asynchrony occur during mechanical ventilation, including trigger, flow, and termination asynchrony. This review aims to present the basic interpretation of mechanical ventilator waveforms and utilization of waveforms in various clinical situations in the neuro-ICU.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.100-104
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• 2011

Background: Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a regional musculoskeletal pain disorder that is caused by myofascial trigger points. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of MPS among chronic back pain patients, as well as to identify risk factors and the outcome of this disorder. Methods: This was a prospective observational study involving 126 patients who attended the Pain Management Unit for chronic back pain between 1st January 2009 and 31st December 2009. Data examined included demographic features of patients, duration of back pain, muscle(s) involved, primary diagnosis, treatment modality and response to treatment. Results: The prevalence of MPS among chronic back pain patients was 63.5% (n = 80). Secondary MPS was more common than primary MPS, making up 81.3% of the total MPS. There was an association between female gender and risk of developing MPS ($x^2$ = 5.38, P = 0.02, O.R. = 2.4). Occupation, body mass index and duration of back pain were not significantly associated with MPS occurrence. Repeated measures analysis showed significant changes (P < 0.001) in Visual Analogue Score (VAS) and Modified Oswestry Disability Score (MODS) with standard management during three consecutive visits at six-month intervals. Conclusions: MPS prevalence among chronic back pain patients was significantly high, with female gender being a significant risk factor. With proper diagnosis and expert management, MPS has a favourable outcome.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.1666-1672
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• 2008

USN 미들웨어는 여러 사이트에서 발생하는 센서 정보를 수집하여, 판단하고, 조치를 취하는 기능을 가지고 있다. 한 개 센서 데이터로부터 상황을 결정하는 것은 해당 데이터의 오류나 전체를 반영하지 않을 수 있기 때문에 부적절하다. 여기서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 '그룹'이라는 개념을 도입하였다. 그룹은 같은 장소에 같은 조건에 행동하는 센서의 집합이다. 예를 들어 특정 방에서 모든 화재 센서는 미리 정의된 동일한 특정 온도에 도달하면 버저를 울린다. 이때 이들 센서들은 동일한 한 개의 그룹에 속하는 것이다. 지능형 USN 미들웨어의 모든 판단은 이러한 그룹에 기반하여 이루어진다. 본 연구에서는 그룹에 기반한 미들웨어의 지능형 규칙에 대하여 연구를 하였다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제55권12호
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• pp.511-517
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• 2006

The key issues in high power, high energy applications such as electromagnetic launchers include safety, reliability, flexibility, efficiency, compactness, and cost. To explore some of the issues, a control scheme for a large current wave-forming was designed, built and experimentally verified using a 2.4MJ pulse power system (PPS). The PPS was made up of eight capacitors bank unit, each containing six capacitors connected in parallel. Therefore there were 48 capacitors in total, with ratings of 22kV and 50kJ each. Each unit is charged through a charging switch that is operated by air pressure. For discharging each unit has a triggered vacuum switch (TVS) with ratings of 200kA and 250kV. Hence, flexibility of a large current wave-forming can be obtained by controlling the charging voltage and the discharging times. The whole control system includes a personal computer(PC), RS232 and RS485 pseudo converter, electric/optical signal converters and eight 80C196KC micro-controller based capacitor-bank module(CBM) controllers. Hence, the PC based controller can set the capacitor charging voltages and the TVS trigger timings of each CBM controller for the current wave-forming. It also monitors and records the system status data. We illustrated that our control scheme was able to generate the large current pulse flexibly and safely by experiments. The our control scheme minimize the use of optical cables without reducing EMI noise immunity and reliability, this is resulting in cost reduction. Also, the reliability was increased by isolating ground doubly, it reduced drastically the interference of the large voltage pulse induced by the large current pulse. This paper contains the complete control scheme and details of each subsystem unit.