• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.89-93
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• 1999

The purpose of this study finds out the effect of red ginseng extract(1.0 g/kg) on bis(tributyltin)oxide(TBTO)(10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) which poisons against some organs like thyroid gland, liver, kidney, testis, ovary. Serum immunity and sex hormone activity of rats are examined by gastric tubing for 3 weeks. The weights of each in treated group were increased, especially liver in females and those of testis in males were signignificantly increased at 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg (P<0.05, P<0.01). In group treated with TBTO(10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) for females, the serum IgG level was significantly reduced in comparison with control group(P<0.05). The group of females which were poisonned by TBTO and rGe was significantly recovered in TBTO 10 mg/kg + rGe 1.0 g/kg and TBTO 20 mg/kg + rGe 1.0 g/kg. In case of sex hormone activity of each sex, the estradiol activity of females and testosterone activity of males were signignificantly decreased rather than the control group. And control group by bis(tributyltin) oxide and red ginseng extract is just increased estiradiol activity.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.161-166
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• 2004

The influence of TBTO (Tributyltin-Oxide) at a series of concentrations (0.52, 1.41 and 3.05 $\mu$g/L) for a period of 3 weeks on estradiol-17$\beta$, testosterone and cortisol levels in male Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli was investigated. Compared to the stable concentration of estradiol-17$\beta$, plasma testosterone level was decreased significantly at the 3rd week after TBTO exposure in plasma of fish (＞1.41 $\mu$g/L). The most profound physiological variation in TBTO exposed fish was a dramatic increase in plasma cortisol level at 3rd week. Conclusively, TBTO exposure caused increase level of cortisol as well as alteration of testosterone in the Korean rockfish. These results suggest that TBTO at environmentally relevant (nanomolar) concentrations disrupt endocrine secretions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.169-169
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• 2002

The present was performed to identify the effects of tributyltin oxide (TBTO) in the immature mice testes. 3-week-old male ICR mice were orally administrated on one time basis of TBTO dose of 0 (Vehicle control, VC), 30 (TBTO 30 mg/kg, T30), 60 (TBTO 60 mg/kg, T60) per each one.(omitted)

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.177-183
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• 2004

Cytochrome P45O (CYP) contents and 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity were determined in hepatic microsome of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) exposed to tributyltin chloride (TBTC), tributyltin oxide (TBTO), and triphenyltin chloride (TPTC). In addition, effects of in vivo (intraperitoneal injection of 7.5 mg $kg^{-1}$ BW) exposure of flounder to TPTC on CYP, NADPH cytochrome c reductase, NADH cytochrome b5 yeductase and EROD levels were measured. In in vitro exposure of hepatic microsome to organotins, TBTC, TBTO and TPTC reduced CYP contents and inhibited EROD activity. The TPTC was the strongest inhibitor, which is followed by TBTO and TBTC. The degree of inhibition, especially EROD acitivity, depended on the exposure duration. In addition, all the target enzymes in flounder were inhibited by TPTC with the in vivo exposure to TPTC. As EROD activity was the most sensitive to the inhibitions and demonstrated good reproducibility of the results, it could be used as a helpful tool toy monitor effects of organotin compounds on mixed funciton oxygenase system in marine fish.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.158-163
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• 2003

This study was conducted te evaluate the effect of organotin compounds on rotifer(Brachionus plicatilis), which is important as food organism of aqua-cultured fish and shellfish. To evaluate the texicities of tributyltin compounds such as tributyltin chloride (TBTC), tributyltin oxide (TBTO), tributyltin acetate (TBTA) and tributyltin benzoate (TBTB), and triphenyltin compounds such as triphenyltin chloride (TPTC), triphenyltin fluoride (TPTF), triphenyltin hydroxide (TPTB), the survival rates of rotifer exposed to these compounds were measured as the 96 hr-$LC_{50}$. Exposed concentrations Were from 0.5 to 8 bbp depending on compounds. Based on 96 hr-$LC_{50}$ Value, the Order of toxicity in TBTs was TBTA(1.1 ppb)>TBTC (2.0)>TBTB (3.3)>TBTO(5.6), and that in TPTs was TPTF (1.0)$\geq$TPTC(1.1)>TPTH(1.6). Triphenyltin compounds were slightly higher toxic than tributyltins. The toxicity is likely to depend on alkyl or aryl group other than halogen or the other substituted radicals.

• Proceedings of the Korea Environmental Mutagen Society Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.169-169
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• 2002

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.155-156
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• 2000

연안 해역에서 해조류와 부착패류는 양식장 시설 뿐만아니라 수취구 어선바닥 등에서 그 피해는 심각한 실정이다. 해조류에 의한 부착은 잎파래 가시파래 등이 주가 되고 패류로는 홍합과 따개비가 주를 이룬다 이들의 부착방지를 위해서 염소살균, TBTO (Tributyltin oxide), CuSO$_4$등의 처리를 하고 있지만 이러한 처리에 의해서는 또다른 환경 문제가 야기되고 있다. 이같은 부착방지 물질 탐색의 일환으로 흥합을 탐색 대상종으로 선택하여 각종 해조류 추출물들로부터 부착 방지 효과를 조사하였다. 그 결과 고리매(Sytosimphon lomentaria)로부터 가장 높은 활성을 확인 하였고, TLC, silica-gel chromatography, Ion-exchange, HPLC를 통해 정제 하였다. (중략)