• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.247-252
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• 2000

As the demand for higher areal recording densities requires a lower flying height of the slider, the variation of the flying height of the slider during drive operation becomes of great concern. The variation of the flying height is closely related with the slider design parameters such as air bearing shape, cavity depth, shallow step depth, crown, camber, pitch offset, roll offset, gram load, and so on. The objective of this work is to optimize the cavity depth and the shallow step depth, which are the control factors in air bearing design, using Robust Design method. It was found that the shallow step depth was statistically significant in affecting the variation of flying height, therefore the level of the shallow step depth should be chosen to minimize the variation of flying height.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.216-220
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• 2001

This paper presents a parametric study and an optimal design of the ER-SFD supporting a rigid rotor system. An attempt is made to obtain the optimal design of an ER-SFD for a two degree-of-freedom rotor model. Such a simple model is used in order to get a better insight into the physics of the problem. A maximum whirl amplitude, supply pressure and voltage are considered, and a maximum whirl amplitude is minimized over a range of speeds and presented f3r some values of unbalance mass. The results presented in this paper provide important design information necessary to reduce a whirl amplitude of an ER-SFD.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 1991.11a
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• pp.38-43
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• 1991

일반 금속재료로써 표면층이 최적의 tribology적 성질을 갖도록 하기에는 한계점이 있으며, 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 수단으로 bulk material에 그것이 갖지 못하는 tribology적으로 우수한 성질을 그 표면층에 부여하는 기술로 여러가지 방법이 개발되어 왔으며 그 중 대표적인 것이 표면코팅기술이다. 표면 코팅기술중에서도 세라믹코팅기술이 최근에 들어 최고의 관심사가 되고 있는데 이는 세라믹재의 특징이 고강도, 고경도, 내산화성 및 내화학적 성질 등 기계 요소가 받는 가혹한 조건에 최적의 내성을 지니기 때문이다. 특히 세라믹재가 갖는 고강도, 고경도의 성질은 마찰, 맘모 특성의 향상을 극대화시킬 수 있기 때문에 마찰, 마모가 문제시되는 기계요소에의 적용전망은 매우 밝으며, 특히 취약한 환경 즉, nuclear industry와 우주산업 등과 같이 재래의 윤활기술이 제대로 적용될 수 없는 분야에 세라믹코팅기술의 응용은 절대적으로 필요하다. 현재 세라믹 재료의 마찰과 마모특성에 대한 연구는 전 세계적으로 비교적 활발히 진행되고 있으나 세라믹 코팅으로서의 세라믹재의 마찰, 마모특성에 대한 연구는 아직 초보단계에 있다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 현재 응용범위를 넓혀가고 있는 TiN을 cathodic arc evporation(CAE)-기술을 이요하여 모재에 코팅을 하여 그 증착층의 재료적 특성 및 마모특성에 대하여 고찰하였다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.259-265
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• 2004

The sealing performance of O-rings is affected by working conditions such as applied pressure, operation temperature, pre-compressed ratio and material properties. In this paper, a pressurized and compressed elastomeric bi-polymer O-ring in which is inserted into a rectangular groove is analyzed by non-linear MARC finite element program based on the Taguchi experimental method. O-rings with 9 different profile models are analyzed for design parameters that are related to the diameter ratio between outer diameter and inner one of bi-polymer O-ring, compressive ratio, groove angle and groove depth. The calculated FEM results showed that the affection ratio of design parameter dlD, which may control sealing pressure of O-rings, is the most influential parameter among the groove angle, groove depth and compression ratio.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.109-116
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• 2007

A scroll compressor is on the increase in the use for the cooling and ambition machinery because of the advantages about high efficiency, low vibration and low noise. The design of thrust bearing for scroll compressor has depended on the experience. The lubrication considering the squeeze flow was applied for high side shell and low side shell of scroll thrust bearing. This work was based on governing fluid lubrication equation at the general coordinate. It shows the behavior for an orbiting scroll with direct numerical analysis using FDM. This study obtained the theoretical design value by finding load capacity and tilting angle of an orbiting scroll for thrust bearing in a scroll compressor. Especially this work performed the analysis about the design parameter. The program was written using Visual C++ to enhance user to change the design parameter easily. In particular the result value and the pressure profile were displayed as windows in every step for user to understand without difficulty.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 1998

The adequate design of a passenger car's braking system, which is directly related to the safety of a car, is very important since the safety is an essential design parameter of a car to keep men and car from the damage. The general method to verify the performance and safety of a braking system is still based on the trial-error experiments. However, the design based on experiments costs high and is time-consuming method. So it is desirable to use the numerical analysis method for the reduction of cost and time in the design of a braking system. In this paper, the thermal characteristic of a ventilated disc brake has been analyzed as a function of the car speed and a deceleration during quick braking.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.171-179
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• 2013

In this study, hydraulic systems of the rope brake system of an elevator are modeled to evaluate design parameters that consider friction characteristics such as cylinder pressure, piston displacement, and flow rate. Hydraulic systems of the rope brake system are analyzed using the commercial program AMESim. Analysis modeling data are compared with data obtained from experiments, and the analysis modeling results are found to be reliable. The analysis results will be used to design hydraulic systems of the rope brake system of elevators.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.94-101
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• 2023

Automotive wheel bearings are a critical component of vehicles that support their weight and facilitate rotation. Life and stiffness are significant performance characteristics of wheel bearings. Designing wheel bearings involves finding optimal design variables that satisfy both performances. CO₂ emission reduction and fuel efficiency regulations attribute to the recent increase in design requirements for lightweight and compact automotive parts while maintaining performance. However, achieving a design that maintains performance while reducing weight poses challenges, as performance and weight are generally inversely proportional. In this study, we perform design optimization of automotive wheel bearings considering life and stiffness. We develop a program that calculates the basic rated life and modified rated life based on international standards for evaluating the life of wheel bearings. We develop a regression equation using regression analysis to address the time-consuming stiffness analysis during repetitive analysis. We perform ANOVA and main effect analyses to understand the statistical characteristics of the developed regression equation. Furthermore, we verify its reliability by comparing the predicted and test results. We perform design optimization using the developed life prediction program, stiffness regression equation and weight regression equation. We select bearing specifications and geometry as design variables, weight as the cost function, and life and stiffness as constraints. Through design optimization, we investigate the influence of design variables on the cost function and constraints by comparing the initial and optimal design values.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2024

Ball bearings are a major component of mechanical parts for transmitting rotation. Compared to tapered roller bearings, ball bearings offer less rolling resistance, which leads to reduced heat generation during operation. Because of these characteristics, ball bearings are widely used in electric vehicles and machine tools. The design of ball bearing cages has recently emerged as a major issue in ball bearing design. Cage design requires pre-verification of performance using theoretical or experimental formula or computational fluid dynamics (CFD). However, CFD analysis is time-consuming, making it difficult to apply in case studies for design decisions and is mainly used in performance prediction following design confirmation. To use CFD in the early stages of design, main-taining analytical accuracy while reducing the time required for analysis are necessary. Accordingly, this study proposes a laminar steady-state segment CFD technique to solve the problem of long CFD analytical times and to enable the use of CFD analysis in the early stages of design. To verify the reliability of the CFD analysis, a bearing drag torque test is performed, and the results are compared with the analytical results. The proposed laminar steady-state segment CFD technique is expected to be useful for case studies in bearing design, including cage design.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.173-182
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• 2023

The composite planetary gear reducer, a power transmission component of armored vehicles, operates at a high torque and is used in severe environments such as mountain, gravel or unpaved roads. Therefore, they must be designed and manufactured to have high durability. To design such a planetary gear reducer, there are numerous specifications to validate, such as selecting the module and the number of teeth of each gear satisfied the requirements, and calculating gear specifications and durability strength. Because planetary gears constitute a combination of several gears, there are many restrictions and interferences in selecting the number of teeth and addendum modification coefficients, and designing the tooth shape. Developing an auto design program is necessary to design various planetary gears more conveniently and quickly. In this study, a planetary gear reducer design software, widely used in various machines and armored vehicles, was developed. This design software can automatically select the number of teeth and modules of the gears, calculate specifications and quickly evaluate its fatigue durability strength and scoring failure according to the planetary gear reducer design theory.