• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.3213-3219
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• 2014

Currently, increase of greenhouse gas has had a signigicant impact on climate change in urbanization. As a result, the government has been looking for ways to take advantage of the trees that generate oxygen and reduce carbon dioxide for the prevention of climate change. It is essential to extract individual tree for calculating the amount of carbon dioxide reduction of trees. Aerial LIDAR data have three-dimensional information of building as well as trees as form of point clouds. In this study, automated model was developed to extract individual tree using aerial LIDAR data. For this purpose, we established a methodology for extracting trees and then proceeded the process of developing it as an automated model based on model builder of ArcGIS Software. In order to evaluate the applicability of the developed model, the model was compared with commercial software in study area located in Yongin City. Through the experimental result, the proposed model was extract trees 9.91% higher than commercial software. From this results, it was found that the model effectively extracted trees.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.2
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• pp.42-55
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• 1984

The direction of scientific researches on tree improvement and forest management in several universities and research institutes in Japan can be summarized as follows: They put a great emphasis on sugi, Cryptomeria japonica and cypress, Chamaecyparus oblusa which are two major conifer species largerly planted in the Japanese forestry. In the research of sugi, a great concern has been made in evaluating inheritance of forest tree, quantitative characters and genetic parameter of growth, and in breeding for resistance to diseases and insects and to all the natural calamities. Interaction between environmental conditions and genetic nature of tree can be concerned factors in relation with forest damage, together with silvicultural conditions and pest infestation. Selfing hybrids of $F_1$ made from crossing twisted-leaf sugi, defomity leaf type and midori sugi, normal leaf type segregated the normal needle, twisted needle, green leaf and albino leaf type. It seemed that separation of many defomity individuals can be governed by two dominant complementary genes and from the near loci of which it was detected lethal genes. 52% of Japanese forestry is occupied by the small forest landowners like Korean forestry. This made difficulty for forest improvement such as progressive afforestation and for capital accumulation form forestry. The Forest Corporation was established at first in 1959 to aming at productive forestry structure and forest management, and afforestation. For these purpose, 35 Forest Corporations are at moment operating throughout Japan. However, investment in forestry business becomes less attractive since the wage in forest production duction increased in higher trend. than timber price. Therefore, an artifical afforestation becomes yearly decreased. At present. the self-sufficient rate of timber production in Japan is about 35%, and so a great effort is being made to increase self-sufficient rate of timber production.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.409-416
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• 2024

With the expansion of floating-point operation requirements for fast high-speed data signal processing and logic operations, the speed of the floating-point operation unit is the key to affect system operation. This paper studies the performance characteristics of different floating-point multiplier schemes, completes partial product compression in the form of carry and sum, and then uses a carry look-ahead adder to obtain the result. Intel Quartus II CAD tool is used for describing Verilog HDL and evaluating performance results of the floating point multipliers. Floating point multipliers are analyzed and compared based on area, speed, and power consumption. The FMAX of modified Booth encoding with Wallace tree is 33.96 Mhz, which is 2.04 times faster than the booth encoding, 1.62 times faster than the modified booth encoding, 1.04 times faster than the booth encoding with wallace tree. Furthermore, compared to modified booth encoding, the area of modified booth encoding with wallace tree is reduced by 24.88%, and power consumption of that is reduced by 2.5%.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.430-435
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• 2012

The objectives of this study were to form comparisons of total polyphenol compounds, the antioxidant activities and the urushiol contents of lacquer tree(Rhus verniciflua) bark and the sensory properties of chicken soup was made with lacquer tree bark that was cultivated from different cultivation areas; Hamyang, Wonju and China. Total polyphenol contents of Hamyang, Wonju and China were estimated as $375.28{\pm}3.48$, $403.60{\pm}6.6$ and $311.06{\pm}4.99$ mg/g. The total flavonoids contents of Hamyang, Wonju and China were measured as $374{\pm}14.12$, $683.70{\pm}12.64$ and $334.64{\pm}18.40$ mg/g. The total phenolic compounds and flavonoids concentration, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and ABTS radical scavenging of lacquer tree cultivated in Wonju were higher than the others; Hamyang and China. The urushiol content of lacquer tree bark from Hamyang was $4.59{\pm}0.04$ ppm and higher than others. Urushiol was not detected in China lacquer tree bark. Sensory evaluation tests for chicken soup containing lacquer tree bark showed that the scores of Wonju lacquer tree bark chicken soup was highest, however there are no differences between Hamyang, Wonju, and China significantly(p<0.05).

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1988.10a
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• pp.374-379
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• 1988

We propose a framework for modelling and operation management of robotic assembly cells via knowledge base. In the framework, each component of the cell is considered as a state variable, the relations among the state variables are stored in state transition maps(STMs) and then transformed into the form of knowledge. The assembly job tree(AJT) which includes the precedence relations and the constraints for assembly tasks is also described. Finally, an algorithm is presented to manage the cell operation.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.30 no.5_6
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• pp.993-1003
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• 2012

The family of graphs $\hat{W}_{4n}$ is defined by taking the simple whee graph $W_{n+1}$ with $n$ rim vertices and then adding three extra vertices on every rim edge of the wheel. In this paper, the critical group of this whole family of graphs is investigated.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.30A no.6
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• pp.58-65
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• 1993

In this research, we developed a new algorithm for hierarchical placement of integrated circuits. For efficient placement of a large circuit, the given circuit is recursively partitioned to form a hierarchy tree and then simulated-annealing-based placement method is applied at each level of the hierarchy to find a near optimum solution. During the placemtnt, global optimization is performed at high levels of the hierarchy and local optimization is performed at low levels. When compared with conventional placement methods, the new hierarchical placement method produced favorable results.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.59-66
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• 2003

To be the design method supporting aesthetic ability of human, CAAD system should essentially recognize architectural form in the same way of human. In this study, visual perception process of human was analyzed to search proper computational method performing similar step of perception of it. Through the analysis of visual perception, vision was separated to low-level vision and high-level vision. Edge detection and neural network were selected to model after low-level vision and high-level vision. The 24 images of building, tree and landscape were processed by edge detection and trained by neural network. And 24 new images were used to test trained network. The test shows that trained network gives right perception result toward each images with low error rate. This study is on the meaning of artificial intelligence in design process rather than on the design automation strategy through artificial intelligence.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.53-62
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• 1987

Floristic composition and vertical distribution of Mt. Daedun (western slope) were investigated from 1985 to 1986. The results are as follows; 108 families, 346 genera, 511 species, 2 subspecies, 75 varieties, 5 forma or 593 taxa including 77 cultivars. The floral data showed the ecological characteristics such as the value 346 in Fisher's Index, H-D1-H5 in biological type, 10.9% in urban index of naturalized plants and 60.5% in erect form growth form. Based on the physiognomy and population density of dominant tree species the forest vegetation of Mt. Daedun (western slope) was classified into 5 types; Quercus mongolica forest and Q. variabilis forest at 800m above, Carpinys laxiflora forest and Acer mono forest at 700m to 800m and Sapium japonicum forest at 500m to 800m in altitude. And Lindera erythrocarpa forest and zelkova serrata forest are widely distributed at 400m to 800m in altityde along valley and at mountain foot area.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 2004

German Baroque and Rococo styles in furniture design show three types because of political and geographical conditions - Northern style from Holland and England, Middle one from France, Southern one from Italy, The German's Baroque style, however, emphasized in practicality and metamorphosed form and material using the motive of plant trunk, flame pattern, and Akanthus leaf. Furniture of German Rococo surrounding space, and chairs two-dimensional curved lines than flower, ribbon, and lattice. style was designed form and color becomingly with were displayed decorations of more pictorial and structural forms, using the pattern of palm tree leaf, clam, flower, ribbon, and lattice.