• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.337-342
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• 2021

Objective: Forward head posture can caused by deformation of structures and soft tissues around the neck, which has an uncomfortable effect on daily life as well as functional disorders of the neck. However, studies related to direct forward head posture, neck function, and quality of life have not yet been conducted. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of improving the forward head posture on the function of the neck and to examine the change in the quality of life. Design: A randomized controlled trial Methods: The participants were 41 adults (22.17±2.67 years) recruited and redivided randomly into two group (Biofeedback, BFG vs. Control). The Biofeedback group was proceeded according to the over load principle through 4 steps. (n=21). The control (n=20) was not applied after TENS padding was applied and 20 minute. This study was conducted three times a week for a total of four weeks. Results: Forward head posture for showed significant improvement in the results in the craneocervical angle (p<0.05, 95% CI: 0.130, 2.858). In neck disability index more significant improvement in BFG than group (p<0.05, 95% CI: 14.346, 17.825), and BFG showed significant increased in the results in the Quality of life (p<0.05, 95% CI: 0.392, 9.549) Conclusions: This study suggected that forward head posture treatment and effective for neck function and quality of life

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.108-111
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• 2018

Purpose: This study examined the effects of the forward head posture and tension type headache on neck movement among office workers. Methods: The subjects were 6 male and 21 female patients composed of a forward head posture group, forward head posture group with a tension type headache and a normal group. Each group consisted of 2 males and 7 females. The cranio-vertebral angle of the head and the angle of motion of the neck were measured. SPSS 23.0 was used for data analysis and one-way ANOVA was performed for the mean comparison of the neck movements in the three groups. Results: The participants had a limitation in the movement of all necks between the forward head posture group and forward head posture with tension type headache group compared to the normal subjects. The forward head posture with tension headache group had limited neck extension and lateral bending compared to the forward head posture group. Conclusion: Office workers have limitations in the movement of the neck when they are accompanied by forward head posture and tension headache. In particular, when accompanied with a tension headache, there is a restriction on the neck extension and side bending. This study is expected to provide basic data for the relief of tension headache and the treatment of forward head posture in office workers.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.88-91
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• 2010

Mandible fractures belong to the most common fractures encountered in maxillofacial trauma. Because mandible is such a unique structure with hinge joint and masticatory muscles attached to the body of mandible, attention must be paid to avoid displacement during treatment. Displacement during fracture reduction leads to malocclusion. Many TMJs function with complete comfort and apparent normalcy in adapted centric posture, even though they have undergone deformation caused by trauma. This clinical report describes the patient with post traumatic malocclusion and its prosthetic treatment. His fractured mandible was openly reduced in changed position, as a result his occlusion has been changed. He was treated by prosthetic method in so-called adapted centric posture.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.41-52
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the state of oral prophylaxis practice among dental hygiene students and their awareness of musculoskeletal diseases in an effort to provide some information on how to strengthen education on treatment posture to manage musculoskeletal diseases and how to raise awareness of musculoskeletal diseases. From November 2 to 13, 2016, a self-administered survey was conducted on 653 sophomores, juniors and seniors with an experience of oral prophylaxis practice. SPSS version 20.0 for Windows was employed to analyze the collected data. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. The largest group that accounted for 37.4% responded that the total number of students undergoing oral prophylaxis practice during a semester was four to six. The biggest group that represented 65.4% answered that the required practice time per student was one to fewer than three hours. 76.0% continued to be in the repeated same posture. 2. As for the posture of patients, supine position was most common for the maxillary sinus, which accounted for 82.2%. And semi-upright position was most common for the mandibular sinus, which represented 49.6%. 3. In regard to the burden of oral prophylaxis practice, 33.9% considered the required for the practice appropriate. 42.3% took the repeated long-lasting posture, and 53.5% were under physical pressure. 55.4% suffered from mental pressure and stress. 4. The most dominant musculoskeletal area that they experienced pain after oral prophylaxis practice was neck with 52.5%; waist with 48.2, shoulders/wrists/hands with 45.5, back with 10.3, buttocks with 4.1, elbows with 2.3, legs with 2.1, ankles/feet with 0.8 and knees with 0.6%. 5. Concerning the maintenance of repeated treatment postures and pain experience, the students who continued to be in the repeated same position underwent more pain than the others who didn't on the shoulders(2.92±1.05), in the waist(3.02±1.01), buttocks(1.75±0.92), elbows(1.55±0.79) and ankles/foot(2.52±1.25). The differences were statistically significant(p<.05, p<.01). 6. As to educational experience on treatment posture and musculoskeletal diseases, 88.8% received education on treatment posture; 87.9%, on what position should be taken in times of cooperation; 46.9%, on musculoskeletal diseases; 51.9%, on carpal tunnel syndrome; 42.3%, on varicose vein. The students who replied education on occupational diseases was necessary accounted for 89.6%. 7. The students who experienced treatment posture education were better aware of the causes of musculoskeletal diseases(3.23±3.00), ways for preventing the diseases(3.33±.834) and how to stretch the body(3.63±.858). The differences were statistically significant(p<.05, p<.001). 8. The students who experienced education on occupational diseases heard more about musculoskeletal diseases(3.27±.965), were better cognizant of the causes of the diseases(3.45±.847), were better aware of how to prevent them(3.55±.805) and found themselves to know how to stretch to prevent the diseases (3.73±.826). The differences were statistically significant(p<.001).

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.63-70
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• 2010

Purpose: In this study, children with cerebral palsy were treated for 8 weeks using horse riding trunk proprioception, stability and posture to investigate the effect of hippotherapy in the field of physical therapy. Methods: A total of 18 subjects were divided into an experimental group treated by horseback riding and a control group. Both groups were evaluated pre- and post-treatment. Trunk proprioception was measured three times in the sitting position with their eyes and ears closed to reach the target position the angle error of the mean was calculated. Trunk stability was measured using a forceplate and the data were used to calculate the postural sway path & postural sway velocity. Posture was evaluated using the Posture Assessment Scale (PAS). Results: After hippotherapy, the experimental group showed a significant improvement in trunk proprioception, stability and posture (p<0.05), but the control group improved in posture only (p<0.05). Trunk proprioception, stability and posture was significantly different between the two groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Eight weeks of hippotherapy is effective in improving trunk proprioception, stability, and posture. Research using this therapy should be studied further as a possible new therapeutic approach in the field of physical therapy.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.62-70
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• 2018

Background: Sitting posture influences movements of scapulothoracic and glenohumeral joints and changes the shoulder muscle activities. The development and maintenance of correct sitting posture is important for the fundamental treatment of shoulder pain during rehabilitation. Objects: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the sitting postures and the shoulder movements on shoulder muscle activities for both male and female. Methods: Twenty-eight subjects without shoulder-related diseases participated in this experiment. The subjects had randomly adopted three different sitting postures (upright posture, preferred posture, maximum slouched posture) and shoulder flexion angles in scapular plane ($30^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, $120^{\circ}$). Surface electrodes were collected from upper trapezius (UT), anterior deltoid (AD), and posterior deltoid (PD) and the active shoulder range of motion was measured in each sitting posture and shoulder flexion angle. Results: The active range of motions of the shoulder external rotation and the flexion in the scapular plane decreased from the upright posture to the maximum slouched posture (p<.05, mixed-effect linear regression with random intercept, Tukey post-hoc analysis). All muscles showed the highest EMG activities at $120^{\circ}$ shoulder flexion with the maximum slouched posture and did not show the gender differences. Conclusion: Increased shoulder muscle activities may become the potential risk factor for the shoulder impairment and pain if people continuously maintain the maximum slouched posture. Therefore, an upright position is necessary during shoulder exercises, as well as in activities of daily living, including motions involving lifting the arms.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1508-1512
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• 2018

This study was conducted to examine the effect of joint mobilization on forward head posture and to propose an effective method to improve correct body posture and balance. A total of eight patients from a Maitland-applied group (n=8) received mobilization therapy to increase the mobility of the cervical joint, with Maitland's movement grade III intensity for 30 seconds of treatment and 30 seconds of rest, for ten intervals, three times a week for four weeks. The craniovertebral angle (CVA) changes before and after the intervention with the Maitland technique were measured as $56.85{\pm}2.31^{\circ}$ before, $63.23{\pm}2.23^{\circ}$ two weeks after, and $64.98{\pm}1.27^{\circ}$ four weeks after joint intervention. There were significant CVA changes before and after the Maitland technique (P <.05). The results of this study suggest that the Maitland technique is useful for improving the head vertebral angle in patients with forward head posture.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.125-137
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• 2020

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine how changes in the cervical spine correlate with body posture changes in the whole body, and to find out the significance of complementary clinical application X-ray and Chuna posture analysis. Methods From January 1, 2019 to October 31, 2019, the results of 27 patients with pain in the vertebral region were analysed in accordance with the results of cervical X-ray and Chuna posture analysis. In order to confirm the significance of Chuna posture analysis results, the survey of 187 Chuna standard curriculum instruction qualification certifiers was conducted and the responses of 47 of them were analyzed. Results The occiput-atlas cline angle increases in both hypolordosis/hyperlordosis groups based on cervical lordosis angle, and increases further than in the hyperlordosis group. There were significant correlations between the changes in the cervical spine and the body posture changes in the whole body. There were no significant differences between cervical X-ray sagittal parameters and the body posture analysis parameters based on the patient's major disease codes. Conclusions As a result of conducting a survey on the clinical importance of the body posture analysis parameters, the importance of cervical parameters was verified. Changes in the cervical spine may not only cause other changes in the cervical region, but also affect the body posture changes in the whole body. The complementary application of X-ray and Chuna posture analysis results is helpful in clinical diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.21 no.6 s.78
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• pp.106-115
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for continuing study in order to accomplish preventive countermeasures for work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSD) and to examine related factors in connection with each other as: the working environment, the equipment used, working method, pain symptoms of dentists. The investigation period for this study was from November 1, 2004 to February 28, 2005, and we analyzed questionnaire survey of 190 dentists who were giving medical treatment in and around the metropolitan area and Daegu City. Also, we visited 20 dental hospitals personally and examined the work posture through check lists, interviews, and field investigations on work posture using photos and videotaping. This study showed the increasing physical burdens which were related to dentists work accomplishment and attitude, recognizing pain which were affecting work related WMSD. With the access of ergonomics and improving the education and training of awkward medical treatment methods and posture, and continuous public information about WMSD, the occurrence rate of WMSD could be decreased.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.181-191
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• 2010

Current treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS) consists of three phases: observation, bracing, and surgery. Although there are many nonsurgical treatment(bracing, electrical stimulation, exercise, manipulation, acupuncture, etc), their effect is still controversial. In many paper, Schroth method was reported good immediate response to conservative care, which could be considered a sign of good prognosis. Schroth method became effective thai specialists in physiotherapy for spinal deformities teach the patient how to perform a routine of 'curve pattern' specific exercises with the purpose to facilitate the correction of the asymmetric posture and to teach the patient to maintain the corrected posture in dally activities. This Principles of correction exercise treatment are based on those developed by the German physiotherepist K. Schroth.