• 한국안전학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.21-29
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• 1995

The automotive transmission is the principal component of the power transmission system which converts the engine power into the adjustable power for the vehicle driving system. To the unskilled driver the automization of transmission is required for the safety and fuel economy. In this study, the dynamic model of the automotive power transmission system was presented and simulation program and interface board which interface IBM-PC with ECU was devloped. Through the traveling simulation by interfacing ECU with simulation program, the shifting transients are investigated. For verification of simulation experiment was carried out, the results of simulation was agreed well with those of simulation.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.435-442
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• 2010

이동하중을 받는 구조물의 동적 거동은 이동물체의 속도에 따라 정하중을 받을때 보다 큰 처짐을 나타내게 되어 구조물의 설계에 중요한 영향을 미치게 된다. 기계가공이나 볼스크류우를 이용한 위치제어분야에서 개선 및 성능 유지를 위한 해석의 기법이 요구되고 있다. 회전하는 티모센코축을 따라 이동하는 두 개의 이동하중을 받는 시스템에 대한 운동방정식이 Hamilton의 원리로 유도되었다. 무차원화된 속도비, 질량비, Rayleigh 계수비의 영향이 시스템의 응답에 미치는 영향을 해석하였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.824-833
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• 2006

In this paper, the image modelling of road's lane markings is established using view frustum(VF) model. From this model, a measurement system of lane markings and obstacles is proposed. The system also involve the real time processing of the 3D position coordinate and the distance data from the camera to the points on the 3D world coordinate by virtue of the camera calibration. In order to reduce their measurement error, an useful algorithm for which analyze the geometric variations due to traveling vehicle's fluctuation using VF model is proposed. In experiments, without correction, for instance, the $0.4^{\circ}$ of pitching rotation gives the error of $0.4{\sim}0.6m$ at the distance of 10m, but the more far distance cause exponentially the more error. We con finned that this algorithm can be reduced less than 0.1m of error at the same condition.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2008

본고에서는 노선별 카드자료와 정산자료를 바탕으로 시내버스 운행계통 및 운행실태를 여러 가지 통계기법을 이용하여 분석함으로서 시내버스 노선개편 이후의 시내버스 노선체계 특성을 밝히고 있다. 운행거리와 운행시간과의 관계는 운행속도에 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났고, 배차간격을 10분 이내로 하기 위해서는 단위시간당 운행대수가 0.1013대/분이상이 되어야 하며, 운행시간의 경우는 오전시간대보다 오후시간대가 더 많이 소요되는 것으로 나타났다. 이용승객 규모에 따른 운행계통 비교에서는 운행거리, 배차간격, 운행시간, 운행속도 모든 부문에서 이용승객이 적은 노선의 편차가 이용승객이 많은 노선보다 크게 나타났다. 한편, 카드건수, 평균수입, 환승률간의 분석 결과, 카드건수와 평균수입의 관계는 일반노선이 선형함수 관계, 좌석 및 급행노선은 지수함수 관계로 설명될 수 있다. 또한 일반노선, 좌석 및 급행노선의 환승률 1% 증가를 카드건수로 환산하면 각각 6.3건/대/일, 4.9건/대/일의 감소에 해당하는 것으로 분석되었다. 마지막으로 흑자노선과 적자노선의 분석 결과인데, 흑자노선과 적자노선을 판별하는데 유효한 4가지 변수를 판별력의 크기순으로 나열하면 km당 운행대수, 외곽경유 유무, 지하철 경유수, 종합대학 경유수순이 된다. 향후 마을버스 환승요금제 시행 시에는 수입증가를 위하여 상기 유효변수들을 잘 고려한 시내버스 노선조정과 대중교통우선정책이 필요하며, 비용절감을 위하여 시내버스와 마을버스의 위계를 보다 명확히 한 노선운영이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.165-183
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• 2022

Most transportation departments have recognized and developed procedures to address the ever-increasing weights of trucks traveling on bridges in a service today. Transportation agencies also recognize the issues with overheight vehicles' collisions with bridges, but few stakeholders have definitive countermeasures. Bridges are becoming more vulnerable to collisions from overheight vehicles. The exact response under lateral impact force is difficult to predict. In this paper, nonlinear impact analysis shows that the degree of deformation recorded through the modeling of the unprotected vehicle-girder model provides realistic results compared to the observation from the US-61 bridge overheight vehicle impact. The predicted displacements are 0.229 m, 0.161 m, and 0.271 m in the girder bottom flange (lateral), bottom flange (vertical), and web (lateral) deformations, respectively, due to a truck traveling at 112.65 km/h. With such large deformations, the integrity of an impacted bridge becomes jeopardized, which in most cases requires closing the bridge for safety reasons and a need for rehabilitation. We proposed different sacrificial cushion systems to dissipate the energy of an overheight vehicle impact. The goal was to design and tune a suitable energy absorbing system that can protect the bridge and possibly reduce stresses in the overheight vehicle, minimizing the consequences of an impact. A material representing a Sorbothane high impact rubber was chosen and modeled in ANSYS. Out of three sacrificial schemes, a sandwich system is the best in protecting both the bridge and the overheight vehicle. The mitigation system reduced the lateral deflection in the bottom flange by 89%. The system decreased the stresses in the bridge girder and the top portion of the vehicle by 82% and 25%, respectively. The results reveal the capability of the proposed sacrificial system as an effective mitigation system.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1997년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집; 한국전력공사 서울연수원; 17-18 Oct. 1997
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• pp.1774-1777
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• 1997

As factory automation is required, using the vision system is also essential. Especially, the pateh planning of parts with J-lead on PCB plays a import role of whole automation. Path planning is required because J-lead is scatteed compaed to L-lead on PCB. Therefore, in this paper, we propose path planning of part inspection with J-lead to use Hopfield Model(TSP : Traveling Salesman Problem). Then optical system suited to J-lead inspection is designed and the algorithm of J-lead solder joint and part inspection is proposed.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
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• pp.86.1-86
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• 2001

Combined with a counter, wheel or strip encoders which have equally divided markers are one of frequent measuring choices towards various applications in terms of cost, simplicity, and diversity of measurements, e.g., measuring displacement, velocity, acceleration, and so on. Often, velocity is measured by counting the series of reference clocks for a period of time which sensor-carrying device took for traveling two adjacent encoding markers. Quantizaion error of such that the disturbance caused by quantization error is under control. This paper identifies design issues, developes theory, and proposes a paradigm to design a velocity measurement system such ...

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.489-494
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• 2001

This paper deals with a dynamic modeling of artillery system loaded by gun charge explosion during firing condition. Geometric and elastic gun data are used to modify a projectile interaction model. The maximum impact force on gun barrel was 15,000 N and the gun barrel moved about 1.3 m. A cannon bal] was presented to travel in the flexible gun, the traveling distance was about 23,000 m, and the angular velocity was about 10rad/sec. The artillery dynamic system using the multi-body dynamics enables us to obtain the data for the fatigue analysis.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.108-115
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 주행하는 차선 내에 존재하는 선행차량의 위치측정 및 차량까지의 거리를 정확히 인식하기 위해 차량의 요동에 기인되는 피칭오차를 보정하여 계측하는 알고리듬을 제안하였다. 선행 차량까지의 거리를 정확히 계측하기 위하여 2 차원 영상좌표로부터 사영기하학을 적용하여 3 차원 좌표를 얻을 수 있는 카메라 Calibration 알고리듬을 확립하고, View Frustum(V.F.) 모델을 이용하여 직선부분에 대한 도로의 영상 모델을 제시하였다. 기 발표된 많은 연구논문들은 도로가 평면이라 가정하여 도로와 차량사이의 기하적인 변화에 따른 오차 특성을 고려하지 않은 경우가 많다. 이를 보완하고자 본 논문에서는 카메라 Calibration 알고리듬을 적용하여 실세계 좌표계와 영상좌표 계 사이의 기하해석으로 사영행렬을 추출하였고, V.F. 모델을 이용하여 소실점의 기하적인 해석을 통하여 차량의 피칭변화 에 따른 오차특성을 보정하였다. 실험결과 거리의 오차를 현저하게 줄일 수 있어 피칭변화에 강인함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2016

Distributed genetic algorithm (DGA), also known as island model or coarse-grained model, is a kind of parallel genetic algorithm, in which a population is partitioned into several sub-populations and each of them evolves with its own genetic operators to maintain diversity of individuals. It is known that DGA is superior to conventional genetic algorithm with a single population in terms of solution quality and computation time. Several researches have been conducted to evaluate effects of parameters on GAs, but there is no research work yet that deals with structure of DGA. In this study, we tried to evaluate performance of various genetic algorithms (GAs) for the famous symmetric traveling salesman problems. The considered GAs include a conventional serial GA (SGA) with IGX (Improved Greedy Crossover) and several DGAs with various combinations of crossover operators such as OX (Order Crossover), DPX (Distance Preserving Crossover), GX (Greedy Crossover), and IGX. Two distinct immigration policies, conventional noncompetitive policy and newly proposed competitive policy are also considered. To compare performance of GAs clearly, a series of analysis of variance (ANOVA) is conducted for several scenarios. The experimental results and ANOVAs show that DGAs outperform SGA in terms of computation time, while the solution quality is statistically the same. The most effective crossover operators are revealed as IGX and DPX, especially IGX is outstanding to improve solution quality regardless of type of GAs. In the perspective of immigration policy, the proposed competitive policy is slightly superior to the conventional policy when the problem size is large.