• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.224-231
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• 2003

The null pigmentation mutant (npgA1) of Aspergillus nidulans was previously characterized by its production of no pigment at any stage of its life cycle, its reduction in hyphal branching, and its delay in the asexual spore development. The chemical composition of the cell wall was also altered in npgA1 mutants that became more sensitive to Novozyme 234$\^$TM/, which is possibly due to a structural defect in the cell wall. To investigate the effects of the cell wall structure on these pleiomorphic phenomena, we examined the ultrastructure of the cell wall in the npgA1 mutant (WX17). Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showed that after being cultured for six days, the outermost layer of the conidial wall of WX17 peeled off. Although this phenotype suggested that the cell wall structure in WX17 may be modified, examination using TEM of the fine structure of cross-sectioned hyphal wall of WX17 did not show any differences from that of FGSC4. However, staining for carbohydrates of wall layers showed that the electron-translucent layer of the cell wall was missing in WX17. In addition, the outermost layer H1 of the hyphal wall was also absent in WX17. The ultrastructural observation and cytochemical analysis of cell walls suggested that the pigmentation defect in WX17 may be attributed to the lack of a layer in the cell wall.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.93-97
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• 1990

Two cases of giant cell tumor of bone diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology are described. Case 1 was a 28-year-old male who had pain sense for one year at the right distal thigh. His radiologic finding revealed a destructive cortical lesion with soft tissue extension at medial side of epiphysis of the distal femur. Case 2 was a 21-year-old female complaining pain at left distal forearm for eight months and showed a well-demarcated expansile osteolytic lesion with multiseptation, and cortical destruction at epiphysis and metaphysis of the left distal radius on the X-ray. Fine needle aspiration of each lesion was performed. The aspirate of the case 1 revealed moderate cellularity, which was composed of scattered giant cells of osteoclastic type and small round to oval monotonous stromal cells in large areas. Giant cells were evenly distributed in single or small groups and had irregular but abundant cytoplasms with 10 to 20 nuclei in the center. The nuclei showed ovoid shape, fine granular chromatin, and a small but conspicuous nucleolus. Stromal cells were dispersed in isolated pattern or sometimes aggregated in clusters and showed the same nuclei as those of giant cells and scanty cytoplasms. Comparing to case 1, case 2 had a more translucent abundant cytoplasm in the giant cells and more spindled stromal cells. All two cases revealed neither nuclear atypism nor increased abnormal mitoses In both giant and stromal cells, suggesting no evidence of malignancy. Thereafter the lesions were treated with excision and curettage, and histologically confirmed as giant cell tumors of the bone.

• 대한심미치과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.101-121
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• 2015

지르코니아 폴리크리스탈은 (Y-TZP) 다른 치과용 세라믹에 비해 기계적 강도와 파절저항성이 우수하다. 지르코니아 기반 세라믹은 캐드캠 시스템을 바탕으로 고정식 수복물 제작에 성공적으로 소개되어 왔다. 이는 고정식 수복물을 위한 금속 구조물의 임상적 대안으로 제시되었다. 지르코니아 수복물의 가장 흔한 합병증은 상부 도재의 파절이다. 다른 옵션은 고도로 반투명한 지르코니아를 전부지르코니아 고정식 수복물로 사용하는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 전부지르코니아 수복물의 장점, 지르코니아 수복물의 임상적용, 지대치 삭제, 대합치 마모, 지르코니아와 레진시멘트와의 접착, 그리고 기공소와의 의사소통에 관하여 보고하였다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.253-258
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• 2016

최근 CAD-CAM과 지르코니아를 이용한 보철물의 제작이 증가하고 있으며 구강스캐너의 발달로 임상 및 기공과정이 단순화되고 있다. 균열치 혹은 치아의 일부가 파절된 경우, 구강스캐너를 사용하여 치아 삭제 전에 치아의 형태를 미리 스캔하고, 추후 수복물 제작 시 중첩을 통해 단일체 지르코니아 전장관을 제작하면 원래 환자의 자연치 형태와 교합을 재현할 수 있다. 본 증례에서는 균열 및 파절된 치아에서 구강 스캐너, CAD-CAM 및 단일체 지르코니아 전장관을 사용하여 삭제 전 치아의 형태와 교합을 재현한 수복물을 제작하였으며, 교합조정을 최소화할 수 있었다. 또한 임상적으로 기능적이고 심미적인 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.275-284
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• 2018

In the ball milling process of ceramic powders, according to economic considerations for industrial applications, it is very important to quickly determine the optimum process condition with the maximum grinding efficiency. However, it is still difficult to determine the optimum condition for a ball mill with respect to the various process parameters, such as the rotational speed and the milling time. Ball milling was carried out at the same starting conditions with given amounts of alumina powders, balls and water, and was conducted slower or faster or a critical rotational speed was just determined by observing the angular position of the slurry in a semi-translucent polyethylene laboratory container. With respect to the different rotational speeds, which were slower or faster than the critical rotational speed, the particle size distribution of the grained powders and the acoustic intensity caused by cascading of the balls led to various behaviors. From the results of the particle size distribution and the acoustic signal analysis in the ball milling, there was one rotational speed that made the finest milled powder with maximum acoustic intensity. As a result, there was a correlation between the ground particle size and the acoustic intensity, which yields the interpretation that it can be possible in-situ to determine the optimum condition of ball milling by acoustic signal without repeated measurement efforts.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.2711-2733
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• 2018

Minimizing power consumption in bandwidth limited optical traffic grooming networks is presented as a two-objective optimization problem. Since the main objective is to route a connection, the network throughput is maximized first, and then the minimum power consumption solution is found for this maximized throughput. Both transparent IP over WDM (Tp-IPoWDM) and translucent IP over WDM (Tl-IPoWDM) network may be applied to examine such bi-objective algorithms. Simulations show that the bi-objective algorithms are more energy-efficient than the single objective algorithms where only the throughput is optimized. For a Tp-IPoWDM network, both link based ILP (LB-ILP) and path based ILP (PB-ILP) methods are formulated and solved. Simulation results show that PB-ILP can save more power than LB-ILP because PB-ILP has more path selections when lightpath lengths are limited. For a Tl-IPoWDM network, only PB-ILP is formulated and we show that the Tl-IPoWDM network consumes less energy than the Tp-IPoWDM network, especially under a sparse network topology. For both kinds of networks, it is shown that network energy efficiency can be improved by over-provisioning wavelengths, which gives the network more path choices.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.217-220
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• 2018

A female Russian rat snake, Elaphe schrenckii, was presented for loss of movement. Physical examination showed the swelling in the area of heart. Radiographic examination revealed cardiomegaly, pericardial effusion, and a soft opacity in the area of swelling. Although pericardiocentesis to remove fluid out from the heart as well as vigorous treatments were given to the Russian rat snake, it died during treatments. Postmortem examination confirmed pericardial effusion of pale yellow, translucent fluid with mild dilation of the right atrium and ventricle. Formalin -fixed paraffin embedded tissue sections were stained with routine H&E and the classical von Kossa's method for histopathological demonstration. Histopathological examination revealed multifocal calcification in myocardium and consists of the displacement of muscular fiber by limy deposits. Congestive heart failure was suspicious for the snake when it was alive. In wild reptiles, muscle degeneration has been reported with nutrition disorders but the present case is the first report of myocardial degeneration in a Russian rat snake and contributes to the rare reports of cardiac disease in snakes.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.84-89
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• 2009

The turbid/translucent, near colorless(milky) metamorphic sapphire samples from Sri Lanka have been characterized after the heat treatment in $N_2$ at $1650^{\circ}C$. As-received sapphire specimens became bluish-colored and exhibited more clarity after the heat treatment. It was found that the color change at inclusions zoning region is attributed by the dissolution. As received samples contain the micro/nano inclusions such as rutile($TiO_2$), ilmenite($FeTiO_3$), spinel($MgAl_{2}O_{4}$)/ulvospinel($Fe_{2}TiO_{4}$) and apatite($Ca_5(PO_4)_3$), which were dissolved by the heat treatment and form the blue color through $Fe^{2+}/Ti^{4+}$ charge transferring. The microstructures become different because as the dissolution of apatite($Ca_5(PO_4)_3(OH,F,Cl)$) in alumino silicates($Al_{2}SiO_{5}$) occurred, resulting in morphological change with the appearance of(Ca, Mg, Al) silicate on the surface. Both as-received and heat treated samples showed the rhombohedral crystal structure of $Al_{2}O_{3}$.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.587-592
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• 2004

혈중 콜레스테롤 농도를 저하시키는 건강지향적인 불포화 지방산을 다량 함유한 옥배유로 원료유 지방을 표준화하여 cholesterol free Mozzarella cheese제조 후 특성을 살펴 보았다. 치즈 제조용 원료유는 안정성이 있었고, 최종 시료인 치즈에서 휘발성 유리지방산은 콜레스테롤 상승에 영향을 미치는 palmitic acid가 일반 치즈인 대조구에서 가장 높게 측정된 반면에 실험구인 옥배유를 첨가하여 만든 치즈는 동맥경화 및 성인병 등의 예방, 치료에 도움을 주는 linoleic acid 조성 이 가장 높게 나타나 영양학적으로 우수한 결론이 돌출되었다. 포화지방산에 대한 불포화지방산의 비율은 대조구가 7:3, 옥배유를 첨가하여 만든 치즈가 2:8로 나타났으며, 콜레스테롤은 대조구의 43.58 mg/100 g에 비해 옥배유를 첨가하여 만든 치즈는4.34 mg/100g만 측정되어 건강에 유의한 결과가 나타났다. 결과적으로 본 연구는 혈중 콜레스테롤 저하효과를 나타내는 휘발성 유리지방산을 다량 함유하고, 콜레스테롤 함량이 대조구의 10%수준인 영양학적으로 우수한 건강지향적인 cholesterol free Mozzarella cheese를 제조할 수 있었다.

• 천문학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2002

We have mapped 1 $deg^2$ region toward a high latitude cloud MBM 40 in the J = 1 - 0 transition of $^{12}CO$ and $^{13}CO$, using the 3 mm SIS receiver on the 14 m telescope at Taeduk Radio Astronomy Observatory. We used a high resolution autocorrelator to resolve extremely narrow CO linewidths of the molecular gas. Though the linewidth of the molecular gas is very narrow (FWHP < 1 km $s^{-1}$ ), it is found that there is an evident velocity difference between the middle upper part and the lower part of the cloud. Their spectra for both of $^{12}CO$ and $^{13}CO$ show blue wings, and the position-velocity map shows clear velocity difference of 0.4 km $s^{-1}$ between two parts. The mean velocity of the cloud is 3.1 km $s^{-1}$. It is also found that the linewidths at the blueshifted region are broader than those of the rest of the cloud. We confirmed that the visual extinction is less than 3 magnitude, and the molecular gas is translucent. We discussed three mass estimates, and took a mass of 17 solar masses from CO integrated intensity using a conversion factor $2.3 {\times} 10^{20} cm^{-2} (K\;km s^{-1})^{-1}$. Spatial coincidence and close morphological similarity is found between the CO emission and dust far-infrared (FIR) emission. The ratio between the 100 f.Lm intensity and CO integrated intensity of MBM 40 is 0.7 (MJy/sr)/(K km $s^{-1}$), which is larger than those of dark clouds, but much smaller than those of GMCs. The low ratio found for MBM 40 probably results from the absence of internal heating sources, or significant nearby external heating sources.