• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.1005-1008
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• 2001

The lanthanide complexes have been anticipated to exhibit high efficiency along with a narrow emission spectrum. Photoluminescence for the lanthanide complex is characterized by a high efficiency since both singlet and triplet excitons are involve d in the luminescence process. However, the maximum external electroluminescence quantum efficiencies have exhibited values around 1% due to triplet-triplet annihilation at high current. Here, we proposed a new energy transfer mechanism to overcome triplet-triplet annihilation by the Eu complex doped into phosphorescent materials with triplet levels that were higher than singlet levels of the Eu complex. In order to show the feasibility of the proposed energy transfer mechanism and to obtain the optimal ligands and host material, we have calculated the effect depending on ligands as a factor that controls emission intensity in lanthanide complexes. The calculation shows that triplet state as well as singlet state of anion ligand affects on absorption efficiency indirectly.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.513-520
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• 2005

현재 유럽 및 일본의 경우 기둥 및 보 부재에 대한 전단 설계에 있어, 전단기구로서 전단보강근과 주철근의 부착작용을 필요로 하지 않는 아치기구와 전단보강근과 주근의 부착 작용을 필요로 하는 트러스기구를 고려하여, 양자의 합으로 전단내력을 평가하는 방식을 취하고 있다. 이러한 설계 방법은 매우 명료하고, 또한 힘의 평형 조건에 기초하여, 단적으로 부착의 좋고 나쁨 및 전단보강근 양의 대소로 정해지는 상한 값으로 전단 내력을 평가하는 것이 특징이다. 본 연구에서는, 역대칭 휨 모멘트를 받는 철근콘크리트 보 부재에서 단부의 텐션쉬프트 영역 사이를 대상으로 한 주철근의 축 방향 응력(압축, 인장) 및 주근의 직경, 부착길이의 상이함에 기인하는 부착거동의 차이와 트러스 기구와의 관계를 명확히 하는 것을 목적으로, 트러스기구만이 재현 가능한 모델 실험법을 제안하고, 전단보강근의 양, 부재의 축압축 응력의 크기 및 부착 영역 양단의 주철근에 가하는 힘의 크기를 실험 변수로 한 부재 실험을 실시하였다. 실험에서 얻은 결과에 기초하여, 양단부 주철근에 가한 힘의 차이로 인해 발생하는 부착응력 분포의 차이를 고려한 일정 트러스 기구와 부채형 트러스기구를 중첩한 복합 트러스 모델을 제안하였다.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.197-204
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• 2019

The transfer pricing mechanism is a tool commonly used to transfer the tax base from countries with high taxation in countries with low taxation. In many countries, this financial operations generate significant tax revenue losses. In an attempt to limit tax revenue losses, many public authorities have introduced regulations on transfer pricing, but the effectiveness of these rules has proved limited, and they contributed to the increasing complexity of tax laws and to the appearance of additional costs for companies. Historically, transfer pricing (TP) was not a substantial issue in Mongolia. The tax legislation contains basic TP rules, but there is limited guidance and enforcement in practice. At the moment, Mongolian tax authorities are not conducting specific transfer pricing audits. Nevertheless, tax authorities are starting to pay more attention to transactions between related parties and potential transfer pricing adjustments. This study examines a transfer pricing regulations of Mongolia.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.803-807
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• 1996

In this paper, we perform a mechanism anlysis and optyimal designof the feeding system in a industrial sewing machine. Sewing machines are classified by the transfer mechanism as (1) transferred by feed dog only (2) transferred by feed dog and needle (3) transferred by feed dog, needle and pressure bar. We took the dewing machine classified as (2) which is more efficient in transferring the clothes than the machine classified as (1). In analyzing the mechanism, we divide the feeding mechanism as feed dog mechanism and needle bar mechanism. The two mechanisms are connected with each other kinematically because the clothes are transferred by needle and feed dog simultaneously and stitched by needle which pass through the feed dog in every stitchcycle. We define good stitch as coincidence of stitch between the forward and reverse motion of feeding. And we optimize feeding mechanism for that purpose. It is illustrated that stitching performance of the optimized mechanism is compared to original feeding mechanism.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권11호
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• pp.3880-3886
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• 2011

The nucleophilic substitution reactions of diisopropyl thiophophinic chloride (3) with substituted anilines ($XC_6H_4NH_2$) and deuterated anilines ($XC_6H_4ND_2$) are investigated kinetically in acetonitrile at $65.0^{\circ}C$. The anilinolysis rate of 3 is rather slow to be rationalized by the conventional stereoelectronic effects. The obtained deuterium kinetic isotope effects (DKIEs; $k_H/k_D$) are secondary inverse ($k_H/k_D$ = 0.80-0.96). The anilinolyses of ten P=S systems in MeCN are reviewed on the basis of DKIEs and selectivity parameters to obtain systematic information on the DKIEs and mechanism for thiophosphoryl transfer reactions. The steric effects of the two ligands on reactivity, DKIEs, mechanism, and substituent effects of the nucleophile (X) on the DKIEs are discussed.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2007

Pentamethylcyclopentadienyltitanium trichloride, bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium dichloride ($Cp_2TiCl_2$), and bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)titanium dichloride were used in the polymerization of styrene without the aid of Group I-III cocatalysts. The properties of the resulting polymer indicated that polymerization was more controlled than in thermal polymerization. The kinetic studies indicated that a lower level of termination is present and that the polymer chain can be extended by adding an additional monomer. To elucidate the mechanism of polymerization, a series of experiments was performed. All results supported the involvement of a radical mechanism in the polymerization using $Cp_2TiCl_2$. The possibility of atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) mechanism was investigated by isolating the intermediate species. We could confirm the activation step from the reaction of 1-PEC1 with $Cp_2TiCl$ by detecting the coupling product of the generated active radicals. However, the reversible deactivation reaction competes with other side reactions, and it detection was difficult with our model system.

• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.41-44
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• 2015

Biomolecular photo-damaging activity of a water-soluble cationic porphyrin was examined using human serum albumin (HSA), a water-soluble protein as a target biomolecule model by a fluorometry. Dichlorophosphorus(V) tetraphenylporphyrin ($Cl_2P(V)TPP$), was synthesized and used as a photosensitizer. This porphyrin could bind to HSA and cause the photosensitized oxidation of HSA through the singlet oxygen generation and the oxidative photo-induced electron transfer (ET). Near infrared emission spectroscopy demonstrated the photosensitized singlet oxygen generation by this porphyrin. Decrement of the fluorescence lifetime of $Cl_2P(V)TPP$ by HSA supported the ET mechanism. Furthermore, the estimated Gibb's energy indicated that the ET mechanism is possible in the terms of energy. Because oxygen concentration in cancer cell is relatively low, ET mechanism is considered to be advantageous for photosensitizer of photodynamic therapy.

• 정보저장시스템학회논문집
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.132-136
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• 2005

It is widely accepted that the reading mechanism of Super-RENS(super-resolution near field structure) and Super-ROM(super-resolution read only memory) is closely related with non-linear temperature dependent material properties such as refractive indices, phase change. Furthermore, the dynamic change of the temperature distribution also an essential part of reading mechanism of Super-RENS/ROM. Therefore, the knowledge of the temperature distribution as a function a time is one of the important keys to reveal the physics of reading mechanism in Super-RENS/ROM. We calculated time-dependent temperature distribution in a 3-dimensional Super-ROM disk structure when moving laser beam is irradiated. With a help of commercial software FEMLAB which employed finite element method, we simulated the temperature distribution of ROM structure whose pit diameter is 120-nm with 50-nm depth. Energy absorption by moving laser irradiation, time variations of heat transfer processes, heat fluxes, heat transfer ratios, and temperature distributions of the complicate 3-dimensional ROM structure have been obtained.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.967-976
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• 2021

This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which service companies transfer their services overseas and create new value while interacting with local characteristics. A narrative analysis method was used in a case study of Ajisen Ramen, a Japanese service company that created a Japanese-style ramen restaurant, which experienced rapid growth in China. This study analyzed the restaurant as global service innovation and constructed a causal mechanism to explain the resulting rapid growth. In the pre-entry stage, the tangible value source core service facilitated its successful overseas transfer. In the post-entry stage, value source core service standardization and value sharing were interrelated and locally accepted factors. Knowledge of the local characteristics influenced the local storefront format that allowed contact with local customers. This local front format made it possible to offer local customers new value. The global service innovation mechanism developed through this study reflects a causal diagram that correlated the theoretical concepts of these events.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제38권9호
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• pp.1032-1038
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 병렬 마이크로 채널에서 FC-72의 비등 열전달 특성을 파악하기 위한 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 병렬 마이크로 채널은 깊이 0.2 mm, 폭 0.45 mm, 길이 60 mm의 15개의 마이크로 채널로 구성되었으며, 실험은 열유속 $16.4kW/m^2$와 $25.6kW/m^2$의 조건에서 수행되었으며, 이때 질량유속 300, 400 그리고 $500kg/m^2s$의 범위에서 이루어졌다. 실험을 통해 측정된 열전달 계수는 낮은 건도에서는 건도가 증가함에 따라 급격하게 감소하며, 일정 건도 이상에서는 일정하게 유지되었다. 본 연구를 통해 마이크로 채널에서 FC-72의 비등 열전달 메커니즘을 확인하였으며, 실험에서 얻어진 열전달 계수는 열전달 계수를 예측하기 위한 기존의 상관식들과 비교 분석하였다.