• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.44-51
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• 2019

Objectives : Teaching the standardized acupuncture point locations and improving the accuracy of acupoint locations through objective evaluation is a very important part of Korean medicine education. The aim of this study is to develop a dummy system for evaluation and support of teaching acupoint location in meridian and acupoints classes and to introduce the developed system. Methods : We established a protocol for the development of the system. The protocol included definition of usage purpose, definition of its essential performance, and set of scope. The system compares the amount of light at the target acupoint with the amount of light at the other sites to determine whether the target acupoint is properly specificated. Results : A prototype of the system was built according to the protocol and consists of light emitter, dummy, control/operation, input part and output part. The light emitter projects laser beam passing through the skin of the dummy. Light sensors were attached inside the acupoints of the dummy. Three types of light sensors were selected depending on the location of the acupoints. The arithmetic, input, and output parts were constructed using Arduino and Raspberry pi boards. The developed system was applied in class. Conclusions : It is thought that the dummy system for evaluation and support of teaching acupoint location can be used as a training model in order to help teach standardized acupoint locations and objective evaluation.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.415-420
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• 2018

The possibility of an improvement in heat dissipation performance of aluminum alloy heat sink for shipboard LED luminaries through plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) was investigated. Four different PEO coatings were produced on aluminum alloy 5052 in silicate based alkaline solution by varying current density ($50{\sim}200mA/cm^2$). On voltage-time response curves, three stages were clearly distinguished at all current densities, namely an initial linear increase, slowdown of increase rate, and steady state(constant voltage). It was found that the increase in current density caused the breakdown voltage to increase. Two different surface morphologies - coralline porous structure and pancake structure - were confirmed by SEM examination. The coralline porous structure was predominant in the coatings produced at lower current densities (50 and $100mA/cm^2$) while under high current densities(150 and $200mA/cm^2$) the pancake structure became dominant. The coating thickness was measured and found to be in a range between about $13{\mu}m$ and $44{\mu}m$, showing increasing thickness with increasing current density. As a result, $100mA/cm^2$ was proposed as an effective process parameter to improve the heat dissipation performance of aluminum alloy heat sink, which could lower the LED operating temperature by about 30%.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.152-157
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• 2018

In the late 19th century and early 20th century, Among those of the Northeast Asia three countries, school physical education and military-style gymnastics of Chosun can be regarded as having been the most nationalistic. The adoption of modern physical education in public schools was from the proclamation of 'the Order on Building the Country through Education by King Gojong in February 1895. This paper intends to examine the process of adopting military-style gymnastics education which played the central role in school physical education in the late Chosun period. But, unlike the common guess that military-style gymnastics in public schools in late Chosun would have been full of patriotism and nationalism, the textbooks and teaching contents of Chosun Military Officers' School were very similar to those of Japan, which is an unexpected fact. Therefore, Chosun decided to accept the Japanese-type military-style gymnastics and military training to improve physical strength of youngsters and military power. The fact that, with the advent of modern education, physical education was emphasized above all else has a very important meaning to the history of Korean physical education. Physical activity education emerged as a major education course which had been unthinkable in previous ages. The second characteristics is that the process of adopting military-style gymnastics and its contents were influenced by Japan Third, even if military-style gymnastics was imported from Japan as part of school physical education course in late Chosun period, its aim was to train military man powers for the independence movement against Japan, rather than to develop harmonious body.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1317-1322
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• 2018

In order to complete the AR UI design simply and quickly, the usable factors were studied in this thesis. The primary aim of interface design is to increase the usability. The various factors should be considered together when we evaluate the usability. The idealized usable working model is based on user-centered with the aim of perceiving the interests of users, operating easily and completing targets. In order to ensure the types of usable factors, literature survey method had been used and a total of 85 usable factors had been collected by this survey. To make the usable factors can adapt the augmented reality, the concept of factors should be redefined. We extract the items which is adaptable and user-centered, combine or delete the items that have the same meanings and finally select 25 usable evaluative factors. Then we take HCI professional as the object and collect the data by Heuristic Evaluation. We systematize the usable factors by Principal Component Analysis, and observe the correlation between the usable factors and classify those which have high correlation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.343-352
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• 2018

In this study, a motion control problem for the vessels towed by tugboats or towing ships on the sea is considered. The towed vessel looks like the barge ship, which is used for many purposes. In these vessels, basically, the power propulsion system is not installed but just towed by a towing vessel such as tugboats with ropes and wires. It means that the motions of towed vessel are basically dependent on the tracking route of towing boat. Therefore, in some cases, undesirable and unpredictable motions may be made by environmental factors such as wave, wind attack and so on. As a result, a collision accident with others may occur during maneuvering situation. Based on these facts, the authors try to encourage the steering performance of the towed vessel by using controllable rudders without any propulsion system. In this study, especially, a controllable vessel with three rudders is considered, and a mathematical model is induced for the future study. The model is described as surge, sway motion and inertia moment by following the general representation method for the surface ship.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.275-283
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• 2018

Cancer show distinct pattern of gene expression when it is compared to normal. This difference results malignant characteristic of cancer. Many cancer drugs are targeting this difference so that it can selectively kill cancer cells. One of the recent demand for personalized treating cancer is retrieving normal tissue from a patient so that the gene expression difference between cancer and normal be assessed. However, in most clinical situation it is hard to retrieve normal tissue from a patient. This is because biopsy of normal tissues may cause damage to the organ function or a risk of infection or side effect what a patient to take. Thus, there is a challenge to estimate normal cell's gene expression where cancers are originated from without taking additional biopsy. In this paper, we propose in-silico based prediction of normal cell's gene expression from gene expression data of a tumor sample. We call this challenge as reverting the cancer into normal. We divided this challenge into two parts. The first part is making a generator that is able to fool a pretrained discriminator. Pretrained discriminator is from the training of public data (9,601 cancers, 7,240 normals) which shows 0.997 of accuracy to discriminate if a given gene expression pattern is cancer or normal. Deceiving this pretrained discriminator means our method is capable of generating very normal-like gene expression data. The second part of the challenge is to address whether generated normal is similar to true reverse form of the input cancer data. We used, cycle-consistent adversarial networks to approach our challenges, since this network is capable of translating one domain to the other while maintaining original domain's feature and at the same time adding the new domain's feature. We evaluated that, if we put cancer data into a cycle-consistent adversarial network, it could retain most of the information from the input (cancer) and at the same time change the data into normal. We also evaluated if this generated gene expression of normal tissue would be the biological reverse form of the gene expression of cancer used as an input.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.141-149
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• 2018

The perception of risk that firefighters have is closely related to their performance and emergency preparedness in nuclear power plant accidents. This study investigated the unique risk perception among firefighters working in nuclear power plants (NPPs) using a concept mapping method. Thirty three firefighters in NPPs participated in this study. Two core axes, "fear and control" and "coping resource", emerged in the firefighters' risk perception. In particular, the risk perception consisted of six clusters: fear of radiation exposure and low controllability; anxiety caused by the lack of control and authority; lack of trust and cooperation; lack of authority and professionals; lack of equipment, manual, and information; and lack of knowledge and training. Catastrophic expectation and a low sense of control caused by the lack of responsive resources were the main factors that increase the risk perception. The theoretical and practical contributions of this study were discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.1631-1638
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• 2018

Korea has experienced an increase in the number of immigrants in accordance with accelerated globalization. In particular, the rapid surge in international marriages and multicultural families has created social adaptation or inclusion problems for these families in Korean society. This paper examines how information services or technological education programs affect the social integration of marriage migrant women in Korea. Using survey data on international marriage migrant women, we conducted multiple and logistic regression models to examine the relationship between information and technology services and life satisfaction and employment status. The results show that the experience of using social services tends to have positive effects on life satisfaction. Having experiences of information services or technological education improves marriage migrant women's chances of employment and increases their willingness to work or start a business. This indicates the importance of information services or technological educational training and social services in improving social adaptation and integration of marriage migrant women in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.535-544
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• 2018

Autonomous driving can be limited by only using sensors if the sensor is blocked by sudden changes in surrounding environments or large features such as heavy vehicles. In order to overcome the limitations, the precise road-map has been used additionally. This study was conducted to segment and classify road objects using 3D point cloud data acquired by terrestrial mobile mapping system provided by National Geographic Information Institute. For this study, the original 3D point cloud data were pre-processed and a filtering technique was selected to separate the ground and non-ground points. In addition, the road objects corresponding to the lanes, the street lights, the safety fences were initially segmented, and then the objects were classified using the support vector machine which is a kind of machine learning. For the training data for supervised classification, only the geometric elements and the height information using the eigenvalues extracted from the road objects were used. The overall accuracy of the classification results was 87% and the kappa coefficient was 0.795. It is expected that classification accuracy will be increased if various classification items are added not only geometric elements for classifying road objects in the future.

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.204-214
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed conducted to investigate biomedical ethics awareness and attitudes toward dignified death and advance directives among nursing students. Methods: Data were collected through structured questionnaires from 222 nursing students with clinical practice experience, from November 7 to 23, 2015. Data were analyzed by independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Pearson's correlation coefficients using SPSS WIN 22.0. Results: The scores for biomedical ethics awareness and attitudes toward dignified death were 2.89 and 3.15, respectively. Regarding attitudes toward advance directives (ADs), most students agreed with writing ADs. The main reason given for writing ADs is "I want to receive my treatment of choice." As for the range and explanation method for ADs, 45.7% of participants responded, "do not know well." Regarding willingness toward life sustaining treatment, "only pain control, no life sustaining treatment" was indicated by 83.4% and, "all information about symptoms and prognosis" by 91.9% of participants. For willingness to write ADs, 70.0% of participants responded "yes." Conclusion: Curriculum for nursing ethics should be included in clinical training courses to improve related courses and provide an opportunity to deal with practical problems, such as biomedical ethics, death with dignity, and ADs.