• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.161-168
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• 2019

Traffic accidents in tunnel can lead to large traffic accidents due to narrow and dark road characteristics. Therefore, special care of the driver is required when is driving in a tunnel. However, accidents can happen at any time. In the event of an accident, a narrow road structure may lead to a second accident. Therefore, all facilities installed inside the tunnel should be allowed to minimize damage in the event of an accident. We confirmed the safety of the collision target through the action of the sedan, Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV) and truck when the vehicle crashed into a stairway installed on the tunnel emergency escape route, and when a concrete barrier or guard rail was installed in front of the stairway. The behavior of the vehicle has resulted in a total of three results: rollover or rollover, change of speed and angle of the vehicle after collision. The sedan and SUV were the most secure when colliding with the guardrail, but considering the truck as a whole, concrete barriers were judged to be the most suitable for minimizing damage from the first accident and reducing the risk of the second accident.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2005

In road tunnel, in order to prevents an accident and minimize the damage of an accident in the case of fire, safety facilities and equipments are integral parts. The type and amount of safety facilities are based on tunnel type and length, traffic flow rate, etc. Therefore many countries use a tunnel classification system that categories tunnel into groups, and specifies the necessary emergency equipment for each group. In this study, for the purpose of classifying tunnel based on tunnel ist investigated the domestic and foreign standards and regulations for safety of road tunnel. As a results, we suggest the method of classification of tunnel by traffic performance, tunnel grade, the volume of traffic, fraction of HGV, rules or regulations for transports of dangerous good through tunnel.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2015

현존하는 자동 사고감지 알고리즘의 대부분은 개방도로 혹은 터널 내에서 사고 발생 시 이것을 사고로 감지하지 못하고 혼잡으로 감지하는 경우가 많다는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 개방도로에서의 사고감지 알고리즘을 기반으로 터널 내에서의 사고감지 알고리즘을 개선하여 감지율을 높일 수 있는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 개선된 알고리즘은 가우시안 혼합모델을 이용하여 픽셀의 변화량을 판단하여 터널 내 사고로 인한 정지차량을 우선 감지한 후 도로를 블록화하여 블록 간 점유율의 편차를 분석하여 최종 판단을 한다. 실제 사고영상에 알고리즘을 적용한 실험에서 모두 오류 없이 검지하였음을 확인하였다.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.145-154
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• 2012

본 논문은 고속도로 터널구간을 대상으로 교통사고특성을 다각적으로 분석하여 다양한 독립변수를 선정하고 종속변수를 건, 건/km, 건/백만대km로 다양화하여 다중선형회귀모형을 개발하였다. 그리고 개발된 모형들은 상호 비교 검토하여 최종적으로 교통사고영향요인으로 구성된 신뢰성 있는 교통사고예측모형을 결정하였다. 교통사고예측모형은 모형의 $R^2$, F값 등 검정통계량 수준, 다중공선성, 잔차분석 등 모형검증과정이 수행되었고 터널구간의 교통사고특성 반영여부 등을 검토하여 최종적으로 터널길이에 따라 총 2개의 모형을 선정하였다. 선정된 종속변수는 ln(건/백만대km)이며, 독립 변수는 연평균일교통량(AADT), 종단구배, 터널높이로 구성되었다. 추정모형은 RMSE, MAE를 이용하여 예측한 값과 실제 관측값과의 차이를 분석하여 터널구간의 교통사고를 설명하는데 적합한 모형으로 파악되었다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.203-211
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• 2014

터널은 이동시간을 최소화 시킬 뿐만 아니라 친환경적인 도로건설을 위한 필수적인 시설물이라 하겠다. 최근에는 보다 높은 서비스수준의 제공을 위하여 터널 건설이 가속화 되고 있다. 그러나 터널을 주행하는 운전자는 좁고 어두운 터널의 특성상 심리적 불안감과 시야의 제약을 받게 된다. 더욱이 1,000m 이상의 장대터널을 통과하는 운전자는 단조로운 형태의 터널 내부를 장시간 통과함에 따라 졸음 등이 발생할 수 있으며, 보다 큰 심리적 압박감을 느껴 운전자 부하가 가중되게 된다. 이러한 운전자 부하는 장대터널 내부의 주행안전성을 크게 저하시키며 높은 사고위험성을 내포시키게 된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 장대터널 교통안전 특성을 고려하여 장대터널의 적정길이를 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 장대터널의 교통안전에 영향을 미치는 교통안전변수를 분류하고 선정하였다. 교통안전변수는 교통사고변수와 속도변수로 분류하며, 해당 변수는 교통사고건수, 교통사고율, 주행속도, 개별차량 주행속도 차등으로 세부적인 분류를 하였다. 이상과 같이 분류된 교통안전변수가 장대터널길이에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위하여 상관관계분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 교통사고율이 유의한 결과를 나타냄에 따라 교통사고율을 교통안전변수로 선정하였다. 터널 길이에 따라 교통안전변수가 큰 폭으로 증가하는 지점은 사고발생가능성이 높은 지점으로 볼 수 있다. 따라서 해당 지점을 선정하기 위해 교통안전변수의 분포표를 작성하였으며, 교통안전변수가 크게 증가하는 구간을 임계점으로 설정하였다. 그리고 해당 임계점에 도달하기 이전의 길이를 장대터널의 적정길이로 설정하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 장대터널의 적정길이를 통해 향후 장대터널에서 발생하는 교통사고 감소에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2012

PURPOSES : In Korea, over 70 percent of the land consists of mountainous and rolling area. Thus, tunnels continue its upward trend as road network are extended. In these circumstances, the importance of tunnel has been increased nowadays and then its safety investigation and research should be performed. This study is focus on confirming and improving the safety of tunnel. On tunnel hood, sunglare effect can irritate driver's behavior instantly and this can result in incident. METHODS : The study of this phenomenon is rarely conducted in domestic and foreign papers, so there is no proper measure for this. This study analyzes the driving environment of the effect of sunglare effect on tunnel hood. RESULTS : Traffic accidents stem from complex set of factors. This study build the Traffic Accident Prediction Models to find out the effect of sunglare effect on tunnel's hood. The independent variables are traffic volume, geometric design of road, length of tunnel and road side environment. Using these variables, this model estimates accident frequency on tunnel hood by Poisson regression model and Negative binomial regression model. Although Poisson regression model have more proper goodness of fit than Negative binomial regression model, Poisson regression model has overdipersion problem. So the Negative binomial regression model is used in this analysis. CONCLUSIONS : Consequently, the model shows that sunglare effect can play a role in driving safety on tunnel hood. As a result, the information of sunglare effect should be noticed ahead of tunnel hood so this can prevent drivers from being in hazard situation.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.501-509
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• 2004

The frequency of car accidents is very high at the intersection. Because of the state of a traffic signal, quarrels happen after accidents. At night many cars run away after causing an accident. In this case, accident analyses have been conducted by investigating evidences such as eyewitness accounts, tire tracks, fragments of the car or collision traces of the car. But these evidences that don't have enough objectivity cause an error in judgment. In the paper, when traffic accidents happen, the traffic accident detection system that stands on the basis of images and sounds detects traffic accidents to acquire abundant evidences. And, this system transmits 10 seconds images to the traffic center through the wired net and stores images to the Smart Media Card. This can be applied to various ways such as accident management, accident DB construction, urgent rescue after awaring the accident, accident detection in tunnel and in inclement weather.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.89-102
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• 2007

Generally, it is well known that driving in tunnel imposes large burden to driver because of spatial constraint, limited visual field and so on. And such a burden of driver result in high accident occurrence. In this reason, studies dealing with features of driving and traffic flow in tunnel have been performed. However, information about characteristics of drivers and traffic in a very long tunnel is not accumulated yet. The purpose of this study is to identify the relations between tunnel length and burden of driver, driving patterns, traffic flow characteristics using the tunnel simulator that realizing various tunnel situations. For this, the tunnel simulation program was developed along 11km-length section. And biological data of 10 subjects gained from driving condition in simulation program was analyzed and compared with the result of real driving condition.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.122-131
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• 2015

Recently, starting with the deep underground road construction plan in Seobu Expressway, Korea, there area many studies on deep underground roads to be newly built. However, there is an extreme lack of safety standards, which does not consider traffic conditions and road driving characteristics. Therefore, this study reviewed safety elements to reflect in the deep underground road planning by analyzing driving stability of longitudinal tunnels with road environments, which resemble deep underground roads. For comprehensive analysis, the characteristics and causes of the accidents that have occurred in seven longitudinal tunnels with a length of 2km or over in Gangwon area, were collected. Specifically, geometric structures and facilities of each tunnel were investigated. Also, the present state of facility installation and the changes in driving speed of vehicles passing through each tunnel were observed to analyze the causes for the traffic accidents in each tunnel and accident reduction alternatives. It was revealed that the most frequent accidents in the tunnels resulted from the changes of traffic flow due to the abrupt speed reduction of forward vehicles, or the failure in speed control of following vehicles during the traffic congestion situation. Moreover, installing facilities such as plane and longitudinal curves, median strips and marginal strips seem to induce consistent driving speed. These results mean that for accident prevention, speed management must be preceded and there is a need to develop and introduce safety facilities actively to control the driving flow of forward and following vehicles.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.40-45
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• 2020

In a vehicle-to-vehicle accident, the impact posture, braking status, final stopping position, collision point and collision speed are important factors for accident reconstruction. In particular, the speed of collision is the most important issue. In this study, the collision speed and the final stopping position in the tunnel were estimated using PC-CRASH, a vehicle crash analysis program used for traffic accident analysis, and the final stopping position of the simulation and the final stopping position of the traffic accident report were compared. When the Pride speed was 0km/h or 30km/h and the Sorento speed was 100m/h, the simulation results and reports matched the final stopping positions and posture of the two vehicles. As a result of the simulation, it can be estimated that Pride was collided in an almost stationary state.