• Title/Summary/Keyword: Traffic Light

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A Novel Technique to Detect Malicious Packet Dropping Attacks in Wireless Sensor Networks

  • Terence, J. Sebastian;Purushothaman, Geethanjali
    • Journal of Information Processing Systems
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.203-216
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    • 2019
  • The nature of wireless transmission has made wireless sensor networks defenseless against various attacks. This paper presents warning message counter method (WMC) to detect blackhole attack, grayhole attack and sinkhole attack in wireless sensor networks. The objective of these attackers are, to draw the nearby network traffic by false routing information and disrupt the network operation through dropping all the received packets (blackhole attack), selectively dropping the received packets (grayhole and sinkhole attack) and modifying the content of the packet (sinkhole attack). We have also attempted light weighted symmetric key cryptography to find data modification by the sinkhole node. Simulation results shows that, WMC detects sinkhole attack, blackhole attack and grayhole attack with less false positive 8% and less false negative 6%.

Development of IoT System Based on Context Awareness to Assist the Visually Impaired

  • Song, Mi-Hwa
    • International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.320-328
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    • 2021
  • As the number of visually impaired people steadily increases, interest in independent walking is also increasing. However, there are various inconveniences in the independent walking of the visually impaired at present, reducing the quality of life of the visually impaired. The white cane, which is an existing walking aid for the visually impaired, has difficulty in recognizing upper obstacles and obstacles outside the effective distance. In addition, it is inconvenient to cross the street because the sound signal to help the visually impaired cross the crosswalk is lacking or damaged. These factors make it difficult for the visually impaired to walk independently. Therefore, we propose the design of an embedded system that provides traffic light recognition through object recognition technology, voice guidance using TTS, and upper obstacle recognition through ultrasonic sensors so that blind people can realize safe and high-quality independent walking.

A Simulation Study on Queueing Delay Performance of Slotted ALOHA under Time-Correlated Channels

  • Yoora Kim
    • International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.43-51
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    • 2023
  • Slotted ALOHA (S-ALOHA) is a classical medium access control protocol widely used in multiple access communication networks, supporting distributed random access without the need for a central controller. Although stability and delay have been extensively studied in existing works, most of these studies have assumed ideal channel conditions or independent fading, and the impact of time-correlated wireless channels has been less addressed. In this paper, we investigate the queueing delay performance in S-ALOHA networks under time-correlated channel conditions by utilizing a Gilbert-Elliott model. Through simulation studies, we demonstrate how temporal correlation in the wireless channel affects the queueing delay performance. We find that stronger temporal correlation leads to increased variability in queue length, a larger probability of having queue overflows, and higher congestion levels in the S-ALOHA network. Consequently, there is an increase in the average queueing delay, even under a light traffic load. With these findings, we provide valuable insights into the queueing delay performance of S-ALOHA networks, supplementing the existing understanding of delay in S-ALOHA networks.

Implementation of essential evaluation modules on the grid-style traffic light network (그리드 구조를 갖는 신호등망에서의 경로제어 평가를 위한 기본 모듈 구현)

  • Lee, Junghoon
    • Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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    • 2009.11a
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    • pp.433-434
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    • 2009
  • 본 논문에서는 그리드 형태의 레이아웃을 갖는 도시지역 신호등망에 대해 효율적인 라우팅 기법을 개발하고 평가할 수 있는 프레임워크를 구성한다. 신호등망은 다중인접 그래프로 자료구조화하며 직접 통신이 가능한 노드들에게는 링크가 추가되었다. 또 전송 전에 channel probing에 의해 경로를 선택하는 split-merge 방식을 고려하여 가상링크를 그래프에 추가하고 이의 비용을 산정한다. 이후 Dijkstra 알고리즘과 같이 프레임워크에서 제공되는 경로 탐색 기능으로 하여금 가상링크를 포함한 경로를 찾은 다음 최종적으로 이 경로를 기반으로 가상링크를 실제링크로 변환하도록 하였다. 이를 바탕으로 슬롯 오류 비율을 변화시켜가면서 실제 전송 성공률을 측정할 수 있으며 새로운 경로배정 알고리즘 개발을 위한 피드백을 제공할 수 있다.

Prediction Of Traffic Accident Casualties Using Machine Learning: For Seoul Public Data (머신러닝을 이용한 교통사고 사상자 수 예측:서울시 공공데이터를 대상으로)

  • Nam, Myung-woo;Park, Doo-Seo;Jang, Young-Jun;Lee, Hong-Chul
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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    • 2021.01a
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    • pp.27-30
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    • 2021
  • 경제 성장과 함께 자동차의 수요가 늘어남에 따라 교통사고 발생 빈도는 꾸준히 증가하고 있다. 이에, 본 연구에서는 교통사고를 야기하는 도로 및 기상환경과 같은 조건을 활용하여 기계학습 모델을 통해 서울시 교통사고 사상자 수를 예측하는 모형을 찾고자 한다. 활용한 데이터는 도로교통 공단에서 제공하는 교통사고 사상자 수 정보를 포함하는 데이터로 2015년부터 2018년도까지 데이터를 학습에 사용하였고 2019년도 데이터를 테스트 평가에 사용하였다. 실증연구를 통해 트리 기반의 모델 별 성능을 비교하였으며 본 연구에 대한 결과는 사고 발생 시 우선순위에 의한 구조활동이 가능하게 함과 도로상황 및 기상을 고려한 안전운전 가이드 지식으로 활용될 수 있다.

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Smart Traffic Light to Pedestrian for Prevent Accident based-on Internet of Things (보행자 안전사고 예방을 위한 사물인터넷 기반 스마트 신호등)

  • Lee, SeoYeong;Lee, JongKwean;Jeong, HyeRan;Kim, SeokJin;Seo, Dongmhan
    • Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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    • 2021.11a
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    • pp.164-166
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    • 2021
  • 대한민국은 곧 초고령사회에 진입할 것으로 전망된다. 국내 신호 교통체계에서 교통약자에 해당하는 고령자의 보행 안전성은 취약한 상태이다. 이에 본 논문에서는 고령자와 기타 교통약자의 보행 안전성을 높이기 위해 초음파 센서와 적외선 센서를 사용한 스마트 신호등을 제안한다. 제안하는 시스템은 교통약자가 인식되면 보행신호 시간을 연장하여 횡단보도에서의 보행자 사고율을 감소시킬 수 있다.

Implementation of Traffic Light Recognition System based on Image for Autonomous Driving (자율주행을 위한 이미지 기반 신호등 인지시스템 구현)

  • Gyeongmin Kim;Minhyoung Yoon;Byeongseok Ryu;YoungGyun Kim
    • Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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    • 2024.05a
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    • pp.447-449
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    • 2024
  • 본 논문에서 다양한 환경적 요인에서 촬영한 이미지 데이터를 활용하여 신호등 위치의 정확한 탐지 및 신호등의 색상 인식을 통해 교통 신호를 판별하는데 사용되는 컴퓨터 비전 기반의 신호등 인식 시스템 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 이를 통해 기존에 신호를 인식하던 LiDAR 및 RADAR 센서를 대신해 카메라를 사용함으로써 자율주행 차의 제작비용 감소를 기대할 수 있다. 또한 다양한 환경의 이미지 데이터를 통해 실험을 진행하였고 이러한 실험결과를 분석하고 적용함으로써 악천후에서의 효과적인 신호등 인식 시스템을 구축하는데 기여하고자 한다.

Development and Evaluation of Alternative Nutrition Signposting Concepts (알기 쉬운 영양성분 전면표시 시안 개발 및 평가)

  • Oh, Se-Young;Kim, Woo-Kyung;Ahn, Hye-Jin;Lee, Ji-Won;Park, Hye-Kyung
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.41 no.8
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    • pp.851-859
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    • 2008
  • To promote the adoption of healthier eating patterns, this study was aimed to develop and evaluate alternative front of pack nutrition signposting concepts. Based on previous research, we developed two signposting concepts, Multiple Traffic Light (MTL) and Multiple Traffic Light with % Daily Value (MTL-%DV). The signposts featured three key nutrients, total sugar, saturated fat, and sodium. Actual food packaging with no front of pack signposting (NoSP) was included in the evaluation to act as a benchmark against which to compare the performance of the different signposting options. Using an interviewer administered method, we assessed the degree of understanding and time to interpret on a total of 534 subjects (194 elementary, 108 middle, and 103 high schoolers, 128 adults). In the individual product evaluations, MTL (87.0%) obtained the highest level of correct responses, followed by MTL-%DV (83.1%) and NoSP (52.2%). Except for signposting concepts, age, gender and living area were not associated with the degree of correct responses in multivariate analyses. When used to compare products with different colors of nutrient contents, correct responses were more than 90% for MTL-%DV (91.5%) and MTL (90.3%). The middle and high schoolers revealed the lower likelihood of correct response compared to the other two groups. In case of comparing products with same colors of nutrient contents, the proportion of correct responses was the highest in NoSP (90%), followed by MTL%DV (77.4%) and MTL (48.5%). In terms of time to interpret, MTL-%DV and MTL performed better than NoSP in the individual product evaluation and the comparison of two products with different colors of nutrient contents. NoSP performed the best in the comparison of two products with same colors of nutrient contents. A majority of the participants preferred MTL-%DV (78%) most and thought it the most useful in helping them make healthier food choices. Based on these findings, MTL-%DV was considered to most closely meet the objectives of the initiatives.

A Systematic Review of Sensory Integration Intervention for Children in Korea (아동을 대상으로 한 감각통합치료의 중재효과에 대한 체계적 고찰: 국내 연구를 중심으로)

  • Hong, Eunkyoung
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.55-68
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    • 2020
  • Objective : The purpose of this study is to summarize the best-available intervention evidence for children's sensory integration therapy, drawn from studies published domestically in Korea over the last 10 years. Methods : The articles evaluated in this study were collected from the RISS and DBpia databases using the search terms "sensory integration," "sensory processing," and "Ayres Sensory Integration (ASI)". A total of 19 papers were analyzed. The selected studies were then assessed using the Population, Intervention, Outcomes, and Comparison method, the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) method, and the modified Evidence Alert Traffic Light Grading System. Results : Development delay was the most commonly applied diagnosis for children's sensory integration therapy and individual sensory integration therapy was the most frequently used intervention method. The intervention effect was 91 percent in the body structure and function of ICF. The areas concentrated on were sensory modulation, sensory processing, fine and gross motor, body scheme, body-self concept, balance, basic movement, postural control and hand function, attention, and self-esteem. Conclusion : This simple overview of the efficacy of children's sensory integration therapy provides a basis for easy understanding and use by therapists, researchers and families with children.

A Study on the Calculation of Dynamic Yellow Signal Time Based on Approach Speed and Collision Points (접근속도와 상충지점 기반 동적황색신호시간 산정 연구)

  • Hyunho Son;Sanghoon Sung;Choulki Lee;Hyeon Soo Lee
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.14-34
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    • 2023
  • The purpose of this study was to calculate the appropriate yellow-signal time for intersections, to find out the relationship between the approach speed and intersection width when calculating the time, and to secure safety by minimizing conflicts and dilemma sections in intersections that change according to the signal operation. For this purpose, 6,824 data points from 5 intersections were collected and analyzed. The main results of the study are as follows. First, the approach speed of individual vehicles in different lanes was analyzed, and the width of an intersection was defined by considering the conflict in each direction. Second, we developed a multiple regression model based on the approach speed and conflict points, which compensated for the problems of an existing formula. Third, a standard table is presented for applying the appropriate yellow-signal time according to the approach speed and intersection width based on a development formula. A method is also presented to determine the safety of the length of the dilemma according to the change in the yellow-light time by presenting a calculation table that can cross-analyze the yellow-signal time and a dilemma section using the relationship.