• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.832-841
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• 2016

The voltage-frequency island (VFI) design paradigm has strong potential for achieving high energy efficiency in communication centric manycore system-on-chip (SoC) design called network-on-chip (NoC). However, because of the diminished scaling of wire-dimension and supply voltage as well as threshold voltage in modern CMOS technology, the vulnerability to link failure in VFI NoC is becoming a crucial challenge. In this paper, we propose an energy-optimized topology generation technique for VFI NoC to cope with permanent link failures. Based on the energy consumption model, we exploit the on-chip communication traffic patterns and characteristics of link failures in the early design stage to accommodate diverse applications and architectures. Experimental results using a number of multimedia application benchmarks show the effectiveness of the proposed three-step custom topology generation method in terms of energy consumption and latency without any degradation in the fault coverage metric.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.121-133
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• 1997

EIA should be regarded as an aid to improve the decision making processes because it seeks public opinion and external knowledge in order to ensure the maximum degree of fairness and balance in the final decision as much as possible. According to the above benefits, various decision making systems containing EIA concepts were developed in the area of ground water, traffic, disaster or accident and environment in Cheju Island. But because the development of various decision making systems can be the cause of new impact, it was studied the cause and impact of their development. The major reasons for developing the various decision making system like EIA are the lack of the consideration for the impact of project when it is selected project fulfilling EIA and the increase of the effort for the improvement in the professional quality for one subject without the comprehensive assessment among the subject related to environmental impacts. And the development of the various decision making systems like EIA has caused the several impacts like cost elavoration, the relay of project period, etc. Therefore, after it is improved the problems of present EIA on the comprehensive assessment, the various decision making systems like EIA should be integrated in EIA decision making system.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.153-160
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• 2016

OBJECTIVES : The objective of this study is to develop a traffic accident model of a roundabout based on the type of land use. METHODS : The traffic accident data from 2010 to 2014 were collected from the "traffic accident analysis system (TAAS)" data set of the Road Traffic Authority. A multiple linear regression model was utilized in this study to analyze the accidents based on the type of land use. Variables such as geometry and traffic volume were used to develop the accident models based on the type of land use. RESULTS : The main results are as follows. First, the null hypothesis that the type of land use does not affect the number of accidents is rejected. Second, four accident models based on the type of land use have been developed, which are statistically significant (high $R^2$ values). Finally, the total entering and circulating volumes, area of the central island, number of speed breakers, mean number of entry lanes, diameter of the inscribed circle, mean width of the entry lane, area of the roundabout, bus stops, and number of circulatory roadways are analyzed to see how they affect the accident for each type of land use. CONCLUSIONS : The development of the accident models based on the type of land use has revealed that the accident factors at a roundabout are different for each case. Thus, more speed breakers in commercial areas and an inscribed circle of proper diameter in commercial and residential areas are determined to be important for reducing the number of accidents. Additionally, expanding the width of the entry lanes, decreasing the area of the roundabouts in residential areas, and reducing the conflict factors such as bus stops in green spaces are determined to be important.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.107-113
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• 2014

The goal of this study is to develop the accident models of motorcycle at roundabouts. In the pursuing the above, this study gives particular attentions to developing the appropriate models using ZAM. The main results are as follows. First, the evaluation of various developed models by the Vuong statistic and over-dispersion parameter shows that ZINB is analyzed to be optimal among Poisson, NB, ZIP(zero-inflated Poisson) and ZINB regression models. Second, the traffic volume, width of central island and width of approach are evaluated to be important variables to the accidents. Finally, the common variables that affect to the accident are selected to be traffic volume and width of approach. This study might be expected to give some implications to the accident research on the roundabout by motorcycle.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.136-142
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• 2016

This study deals with traffic accident of roundabout by collision type. In pursuing the above, this study gives particular attention to developing the appropriate models using Tobit model. The main results are as follows. First, three Tobit models (by collision type) which are statistically significant(their $R^2$ values are 0.858, 0.918 and 0.859) are developed. Second, t-test results show that there are no differences between the predicted and actual values. Finally, such the common variable as traffic volume, and such the specific variables as diameter of central island, the number of circulatory roadway, approach width and average of the number of approach are adopted in this study.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2017년도 공동학술발표회
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• pp.67-67
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• 2017

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2017

This study deals with the safety of roundabout. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting the pedestrian accidents of roundabout near schools. In pursuing the above, this study gives particular attentions to comparatively analyzing the pedestrian accident by number of entry and circulatory lane. The traffic accident data from 2013 to 2015 are collected from TAAS data set of Road Traffic Authority. To develop the pedestrian accident model, the Poisson and negative binomial models has been utilized in this study. Such the dependent variable as the number of pedestrian accidents and the 24 independent variables as geometry, traffic volume and others are used. The main results are as follows. First, 3 Poisson and 2 negative binomial models(${\rho}^2$ of 0.153~0.426) which are all statistically significant are developed. Second, the common variable of models based on the number of circulatory roadway lane is analyzed to be the entry lane width and that of the number of entry lane is evaluated to be the design speed. Also specific variables are evaluated to splitter island, roundabout sign, number of approach road, bus stop and elementary school. Finally, the design speed might be expected to decrease the number of pedestrian accidents near schools.

• 한국항만학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.49-68
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• 1992

Recently changes in the technological environment of marine transportation and the increase of traffic volume have fostered a revolution in the design and operation of port and also playing a major role in the development of new types of port in Asian. These changes are dynamic and will continue to influence port physical distribution system. The port of Pusan has been hardly able to handle the traffic increases in recent years by expansion increased mechanization and other operational and institutional improvements but, further traffic increases bring about critical congestion and such congestion is an economic cost to the country in terms of cost of physical distribution. This paper treats the development of entirely new port of Pusan and related transportation system by considering the existing or expected need for improved port capacity and services. The western part of GADUK island is selected as the optimum port site through the detailed analysis of the physical requirement and careful consideration of regional development and since the lead time of the national development plan including the port project from initial planning to implementation is considered as long as 7 to 10 years the aggregated master plan for port development is made and implemented in the year of 2012.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.62-67
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• 2000

저자들은 1998년 1월부터 2000년 2월까지 1 5례의 천골부 욕창 환자를 대상으로 천공분지에 기저를 둔 도서형 피부피판을 욕창 재건에 적용하였다. 피판의 공여부의 기능적 소실을 최소화하며 특별한 합병증 없이 좋은 결과를 얻었으며 현재까지 추적조사한 결과 재발은 관찰되지 않았다. 천공분지에 기저를 둔 도서형 피판은 신체 여러부위의 재건에 고려될 수 있을 것으로 사료되며 다양한 모양과 깊이의 창상재건에 유용한 방법이라고 사료된다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.75-85
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• 2018

PURPOSES : This study aimed to analyze traffic accidents at circular intersections, and discuss accident reduction strategies based on land use and vehicle type. METHODS : Traffic accident data from 2010 to 2014 were collected from the "traffic accident analysis system" (TAAS) data set of the Road Traffic Authority. To develop the accident rate model, a multiple linear regression model was used. Explanatory variables such as geometry and traffic volume were used to develop the models. RESULTS : The main results of the study are as follows. First, it was found that the null hypotheses that land use and vehicle type do not affect the accident rate should be rejected. Second, 16 accident rate models, which are statistically significant (with high $R^2$ values), were developed. Finally, the area of the central island, number of speed humps, entry lane width, circulatory roadway width, bus stops, and pedestrian crossings were analyzed to determine their effect on accidents according to the type of land use and vehicle. CONCLUSIONS : Through the developed accident rate models, it was revealed that the accident factors at circular intersections changed depending on land use and vehicle type. Thus, selecting the appropriate location of bus stops for trucks, widening entry lanes for cars, and installing splitter islands and optimal lighting for motorcycles were determined to be important for reducing the accident rate. Additionally, the evaluation showed that commercial and mixed land use had a weaker effect on accidents than residential land use.