• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.10-24
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• 2000

1. Objectives : Millions of people throuout the world are affected by some form of dry eye disorder. I made researches for more effective treatments for dry eye. 2. Methodes : I refered to occidental and oriental medical records. 3. The results were as follows : Common symptoms of dry eye are dryness, burning, irritation, grittiness, itching, fatigue of eye, photophobia, congestion, mattering and tear. Treatments of dry eye are to clear away heat and fire, remove dampness, replenish Um and promote production of body fluid, tonify the blood and replenish Ki. Acupunctre and moxibustion therapy of dry eye are as follows: Very busy points of traditional regular acupuncture are Sangsong, Chanjuk, Sajukkong, Chongmyong, Sabaek, Tongjaryo, Taeyang, Pungji, Tuimup, Paekoe, Un-gyo, Chonjong, Hapkok, Yangbaek, Kansu, Yanggye, Imup, Chok-samni, Taechung, Kwangmyong, Yang-gok, Uihui, Chohae, Haenggan. Less busy points of it are Oyo, Kuhu, Sungup, Konmyong, Konmyongl, Konmyong2, Sangmyong, SanghaChongmyong, Shinmyong, Osang, Shinjong, Yonghyang, Yaemyong, Chon-yu, Chon-ju, Kwallye, Naebi, Noeho, Tuyu, Mokchang, Ponshin, Shinhoe, Yepung, Okchim, Pungbu, Kokchon, Kollyun, Nae-gwan, Tae-nung, Samumgyo, Sokolkong, Shinsu, Um-gyo, Igan, Chongok, Choktaek, Kyonjungsu, Kokchi, Kongchoe, Kyuum, Kihae, Taekolkong, Taedon, Pino, Pisu, Sabong, Samgan, Kokchi, Shinmun, Shinmaek, Shimsu, Yangno, Aengmun, Yolgyol, Oegwan, Wijung, Chang-gan, Chungjo, Chungdo, Chigu, Chium, Chollyo, Tongni, Pungmun, Haryom. Very busy points of ear-acupuncture are Kan, Bi, Shin, An, Less busy points of it are Shim, Pye, Naebunbe, Mok1, Mok2, Shinmun, Ichom. Useful points of bleeding by needle are Taeyang meridian, Yangmyong meridian, Chono, Chonjong, Paekoe, Sangsong, Chanjuk, Sajukkong, nasal cavity. Useful points of moxibustion are Inchung, Huaryo, Shinchu, Pungmun, Kansu, Shimsu, Kokchi, Kongchoe, Sohae.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.93-108
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• 2012

Objectives : This study aims to review randomized controlled trials on acupuncture for shoulder pain according to Jadad Scale and revised STRICTA. Methods : Seven electronic databases including PUBMED, SCOPUS, RISS were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCT) of acupuncture for shoulder pain. Results : 16 RCTs were included: 14 were published in English and 2 were published in Korean. According to Jadad scale, 15 RCTs had high quality. However, most of the studies could not meet the double blindness criteria. All RCTs meet 12.9 items on average in STRICTA. Conclusions : This systematic review shows four conclusions as follows. Traditional Chinese Medicine is often used in style of acupuncture. Spots of LI15, TE14, GB21 and LI11, stainless steel needle($0.3mm{\times}40mm$), 20 retention time, manual stimulation, $Deqi$, and 2 times a week treatment (total 12) are often used. Double-blinded clinical trials needs to be conducted. It is controversial to use minimal acupunctures on controlled groups of RCTs on acupuncture for shoulder pain. Description about practitioner's background needs clarifying.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.53-65
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was to investigate the effect of Oriental medical treatment on ALS. Methods : We investigated 12 ALS patients which were admitted to Gwang-Ju O.M. hospital from Oct. 14, 2008 to Nov. 14, 2008. All patients were treated by SAAM-acupuncture, herb medication, Bee venom Pharmacopuncture therapy, Needle-embedding therapy, etc. We evaluated patients using the Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised(ALSFRS-R), Medical Research Council (MRC) Scale. Results : After 30 days, mean ALSFRS-R score of patients was improved from $28.42{\pm}7.83$ to $29.08{\pm}7.99$, and mean MRC Scale of patients was improved from $24.79{\pm}8.37$ to $25.34{\pm}8.45$. But in both cases, the variation was not statistically significant. After 30 days, mean ALSFRS-R score and mean MRC Scale of patients was more improved in subjects with bulbar-onset, onset age: 51-60yrs., disease duration: 24-48mo. And the results showed partially significant difference. Conclusions : We think that the results of this case be a pilot study that proves the effect of Oriental Medical treatment on ALS.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.158-168
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to review clinical studies of lumbar herniated intervertebral disc (LHIVD) treatment using acupuncture. Online database (PubMed, COCHRANE Library, EMBASE, CNKI, KISS, NDSL, KoreaMed, KMbase, OASIS, and KISTI) searches were conducted in May 2018. Studies that used acupuncture, electroacupuncture or warm needle acupuncture were included, along with participants who had lower back pain and radiating pain of their lower limbs consistent with radiological findings. Animal studies and nonclinical data were excluded. Data on treatment methods, site, time, frequency, period, and scales used were analyzed. There were 69 studies including 38 randomized controlled trials, 14 retrospective observational studies, and 17 clinical case studies. There were 51 acupoints selected for acupuncture treatment of LHIVD. The most frequently treated acupoints were BL23, BL25, BL24, and BL40. The mean treatment time, frequency, and duration were $26.06{\pm}6.70$ mins, $6.29{\pm}1.70$ times/week, and $20.57{\pm}11.04$ days, respectively, in randomized controlled trials (RCT), and $18.62{\pm}4.60$ mins, $11.58{\pm}3.99$ times/week, and $34.43{\pm}17.62$ days, respectively, in case/retrospective studies ($mean{\pm}SD$). This review collates information about acupuncture treatment methods for LHIVD.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.283-299
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• 1992

Since successive operations under the acupuncture analgesia have been reported In China 1971, veterinary acupuncture was brought to the attention over the world and then its research and clinical use have markedly developed. Veterinary acupuncture and moxibustion was originated in China and Korea, but the research activities on them were not very significantly advanced. In this study, status of veterinarians on veterinary acupuncture and moxibustion, acupunctures which has been practiced by civil acupuncturist, therapeutic effects of acupuncture for the animal diseases in the field, and effects of electric acupuncture on the lumen motility in ruminants, etc. were Investigated. One-fifty of veterinarians of private clinics in Korea was interested in acupuncture and moxibustion in veterinary medicine. A lot of veterinarians required the scientific, systemic technique and knowledge or acupuncture. Civil acupuncturists who have been practiced acupuncture and moxibustion were 20 persons, and most of them were very old. They used chiefly three edged needles which were made by themselves and utilized old traditional technique in which the acupoints were stimulated and bled. Treatment with acupuncture for the digestive, muscular locomotive and febrile diseases was very effective. Until nowadays, the research on veterinary acupuncture in Korea has not much progressed. However, the Korean Societh of Veterinary Acupuncture and Moxibustion was organized in 1990. Valuable development for acupuncture through the society are expected. Electroacupuncture regional analgesia on the combinations of Yao-Pang 1, 2 and 4 acupoints was very effective for abdominal operations in cattle. But a lot of experiences and studies on the acupuncture anesthesia were required for clinical use in the future. Therapeutic effects of about 80% were obtained from electroacupuncture on the combinations of Tian Ping-Bai Hui-Shi Zhang, and Guan Yuan Yu acupoints in cattle with luminal atony and tympany In the field. Electroacupuncture on the combination of Tian Ping-Bai Hui-Qi Men, and Tian Ping-Bai Bui-Wei Gen for the treatment of downer cow was not so effective. The effects of stimulation and bleeding from acupoint by three edged needle was excellent for febrile diseases. The luminal contractile movement was accentuated by electroacupuncture on Tian Ping-Bai Hui-Shi Zhang combination and Guan Yuan Yu acupoint. It was concluded that veterinary acupuncture and moxibustion should be utilized for veterinary practice, and the advanced scientific research and clinical experiences must be followed.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.172-182
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• 2020

Objectives : In this study, we conducted a focus group interview among expatriates living in Korea, to investigate their experiences and perceptions of acupuncture and Korean Medicine in order to improve the usage of Korean Medicine in the medical tourism market. Methods : The inclusion criteria for the focus group interview was: (1) participants between the age of 20 to 75 years old; (2) those who had lived in Korea for more than 90 days, and (3) those who were able to express their thoughts freely in English. The participants were informed that the interviews will be recorded and transcribed. We ended recruitment once saturation of materials was met. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and the data was analyzed after each interview. Results : The interviews were held between June to December 2016. Twenty-four participants were recruited but four dropped out and a total of twenty participants successfully finished the interviews. Six focus group interviews were conducted. Analysis revealed that Korean Medicine was relatively less known compared to Traditional Chinese Medicine or Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Participants automatically associated acupuncture with the management of pain or stress and replied that these were the areas that they thought acupuncture would be most effective. Positive experiences with acupuncture and with the acupuncture practitioners were factors that promoted the use of acupuncture whereas lack of awareness, accessibility and accreditation were factors that hindered its use. Other factors that hindered the use of acupuncture was needle phobia and the perception that acupuncture lacks scientific evidence. Conclusions : Awareness on Korean Medicine and acupuncture is low. Participants lack awareness on what diseases acupuncture can treat, the scientific evidence behind the mechanism of action, and the rigorous education system that Korean Medicine doctors must go through to get their license. Rigorous marketing should be encouraged, which includes greater exposure in the media, more honest reviews from patients, and promotion of the scientific evidence base.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.128-128
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• 2023

Objectives: This research aimed to develop a guideline for evaluating safety and performance of electronic warm-acupuncture apparatus. With the development of medical devices like electronic warm-acupuncture apparatus with improved performance, convenience and safety measures compared to traditional warm-acupuncture needling, safety and performance guideline is a necessity. Methods: By referring to existing standards and guidelines of other electronic devices for Korean medicine with heating function, guideline for safety and performance assessment of electronic warm-acupuncture apparatus was drafted Results: The guideline, presents explanation for adequate temperature and settings of the apparatus, and safety measurements providing against thermal runaway situations along with guidelines for the manual. Guideline for detailed test method for the performance of the apparatus such as accuracy of temperature increase and the timer, and safety unit was also provided. The test items and suggested test methods for the requirements of biological, electrical and electromagnetic safety were referred to Korean approval documents of ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Conclusion: We proposed the relevant items to verify performance and safety of warm-acupuncture apparatus to assure patient safety and improve the quality of currently developing devices for application in clinical field.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.152-168
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine remedies suggested in the papers of ovarian cyst in Chinese Medicine Journals and to establish the further direction. Methods: The papers published between 1994 and 2009 in China Academic Journal were reviewed. Results: 1. It was on Bo-Ryu Enema that main focus of investigation was placed. A variety of randomized controlled trials and case series were found. As a result, a lot of proper manual arts and prescriptions were provided out of them. 2. Acupuncture is reported as significant in reducing the size of ovarian cyst and improving clinical symptoms, which covers electrical acupuncture, enlongated needle and moxibustion, burning acupuncture. 3. External application was verified as an effective therapy for the case of a combined treatment with oral medicine. 4. Modern medical equipments such as ultra short wave medical cure, TDP could improve the efficiency of traditional remedies like Bo-Ryu Enema, external application. Conclusion: It would be necessary to practically come up with a diversity of remedies besides oral decoction of medical ingredients, and establish standard of evidence of them.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.25-40
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• 2022

■Objectives This study aimed to collect and analyze clinical studies on the significance of acupuncture in the treatment of hypertension among Korean patients. ■Methods Among Korean patients with a blood pressure (BP) of 120 mmHg or higher and a diastolic BP of 80 mmHg or higher, those, treated with acupuncture only, were included. A literature search was conducted through 'Embase', 'Medline', 'Science and Technology Information Integration Service (NDSL)', 'Traditional Korean Knowledge Portal (OASIS)', 'PubMed', and 'Scopus'. The search keywords were (hypertension OR 'blood pressure') AND acupuncture. The papers, published before the day of the search (02. January 2022), were included in this study. ■Results Among the 12 selected papers, seven involved randomized controlled trial (RCT), four before-and-after studies, and one case series. The number of RCTs has increased yearly. The treatment methods used in the studies included needle acupuncture in eight studies, auricular acupuncture in two, pharmacopuncture in one, and si-acupuncture in one. The average numbers of patients enrolled in RCTs, before-and-after studies, and case series were 21.1, 30, and 23 respectively. Six studies were conducted on prehypertensive patients, two on stage 1 hypertension patients, and four on stage 2 hypertension patients. The involved acupoints have been reported to be ST36 in eight papers, LI11 in four papers, and PC6 in three papers. The treatment period lasted for < 1 week in eight studies and 8 weeks in four studies. Acupuncture successfully lowered blood pressure in nine out of 12 studies ■Conclusions Acupuncture is a viable alternative treatment option for prehypertensive patients, who are not taking medications. Additionally, it is also useful in further lowering the BP of patients with stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension in the short term. Large-scale and long-term studies on acupuncture for hypertension should be conducted.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.49-63
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• 2021

Objectives This study aimed to investigate the trend in treating fracture with acupuncture and to evaluate the quality of case reports. Methods All case reports of fractures treated with acupuncture were extracted from four Korean web databases. We classified these studies by five fracture sites and investigated frequently used meridian and acupoint, outcome measurements, treatment period. And we assessed the quality of the case reports by the STandards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA) guidelines. Results A total of 33 case reports were included. The outcome measurements were divided into six categories, and the outcome measurements used in more than three studies showed improvement in patient symptoms. The mainly used meridians for each fracture site were as follows: chest and abdomen (GB, LR, CV), back (BL, GB), upper limb (LI, TE), lower Limb (GB, ST, BL, SP). The most commonly used acupoints for each fracture site were as follows: chest and abdomen (Ashi points, GB24, GB25, GB26, LR13, LR14, CV16, CV17, CV18, CV19), back (BL23, BL24, BL25, BL26, BL40, BL51, BL52, BL60, GB34), upper limb (LI4, LI10, LI11, TE3), lower limb (GB34, GB40). According to the STRICTA guidelines, more than 54.54% of the reports were found to be 'not reported' or 'not sufficient' in the following categories: 'response sought', 'description of participating acupuncturist', and 'number of needle insertions per subject per session'. Conclusions The meridians and acupuncture points frequently used for acupuncture treatment of fractures were near the fracture site. Future clinical studies involving acupuncture must be reported in accordance with the STRICTA guidelines to improve transparency and uniformity.