• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.123-131
• /
• 2002

Objective : It is well known that modern chemotherapy against cancer has side effects to a living body, especially hemopoietic and immunologial disfunctions. However, there are no effective ways to reduce them. Recently, traditional Korean herb medicine has been reported to have some biological modifying responses. Therefore, we hypothesized that additional application of herb medicine during chemotherapy is more effective to reduce its side effects. While we were studying the effects, we have observed the inhibitory effect of Soamgudamikgitang on formation of side effects derived from Cyclophosphamide, it has been used in clinical practice at Kyung Hee Medical Center. Methods : We injected 200mg/kg of Cyclophosphamide, one time, to an experimental group, consisting of ten mice. We divided them into eight groups: normal, CPX, SAKT 2mg, SAKT 10mg, SAKT 50mg, SAKT 2mg, CPX, SAKT 10mg+CPX, SAKT 50mg+CPX. We injected Soamgudamikgitang seven days, five days, three days, and one day before we injected CPX. One day, three days, and five days after CPX injection, we injected Soamgudamikgitang again and then killed all the mice. The parameters determined in this experiment were daily body weight liver and spleen weight, RBC, WBC, and platelet for hemopoietic dysfunction and AST, ALT for hepatotoxicity, BUN, creatine for renal toxcity, lymphocyte proliferation activity and lymphocyte subsets for immunological toxcity. Results : We have found that Soamgudamikgitang has inhibitory effects on the formation of Cyclophosphamide's side effects. Significant differences between the group, which contained Cyclophosphamide, and the other group, which contains Cyclophosphamide and 2, 10, 50mg of Soamgudamikgitang respectively were observed. Platelets(2mg of Soamgudamikgitang, p<0.05 ;10mg, p<0.01 ;50mg, p<0.001), liver weight(50mg, p<0.01), spleen weight(10mg, p<0.05), AST(all groups, p<0.01), ALT(2mg, p<0.01 ;10mg, p<0.05 ;50mg, p<0.01), BUN(2mg, p<0.01 ;50mg, p<0.05). Although immunological in both lymphocyte proliferation and its subsets were not observed, which shows that Soamgudamikgitang has a strong effect on T cell activities. Conclusions : From the above results, we can expect that the combined therapy of Soamgudamikgitang and Cyclophosphamide is more effective for treating cancer patients.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.265-274
• /
• 2005

Diabetic gastroparesis is a disorder in a diabetic of delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical obstruction. It is estimated that about 20%-50% of diabetics suffer from gastroparesis. Clinical Sympoms include early satiety, bloating, nausea, anorexia, vomiting, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Severe gastroparesis might result in recurrent hospitalization, malnutrition, and even death, but, no exact treatment has yet been established. Electrogastrography has been known to be a simple, non-invasive, and effective method in assessing gastric motility and EGG has been used to diagnosis diabetic gastroparesis and to estimate its prognosis. Recently, two cases of diabetic gastroparesis were observed. For this cases, manual acupucture, electroacupucture, lumbar skin warming and herb medicine were applied. After application of these therapies, gastrointestinal symptoms improved and these therapeutic effects were confirmed in EGG. Moreover, blood glucose control improved, so patients were able to discontinue insulin injection and change to p.o.medication. In light of this encouraging application of oriental medicine, this is reported along with investigation of the literature.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.337-344
• /
• 2007

Lentinus edodes (Shiitake mushroom) powder was added to Jeonbyeong dough in an effort to improve the quality and functional properties of the dough. The water absorption increased as the amount of L. edodes powder increased, while the time taken for gelatinization, and the valorimeter value of the final dough, both decreased. The temperature at gelatinization and the highest temperature attained during dough preparation were both similar to control values. The extensogram showed that the resistance of the dough to extension, and the maximum extensibility, both decreased with addition of L. edodes powder. The total contents of crude protein and ash increased with increasing amounts of L. edodes powder, while the dough carbohydrate levels decreased. Addition of the mushroom powder to Jeonbyeong (a kind of Korean traditional snack) decreased dough lightness, and decreased yellowness, as measured on Hunter's color scale. The hardness of Jeonbyeong was increased by adding 15% (w/v) L. edodes powder, but was decreased when 20% (w/v) L. edodes powder was used. The sensory score of Jeonbyeong containing 10% (w/v) L. edodes powder was the highest of all shack tested, in both overall quality characteristics and sensory evaluation.

• The Korean Nurse
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.49-69
• /
• 1997

The urgent needs to establish hospice care systems in Korea arise from the following reasons: 0) a drastic increase in chronically ill patients with the increase of aged population: (2) rapid changes in living environment from the traditional habitation (e. g., Many Koreans living in apartment complexes, which is the most popular form of modern residence in recent years, prefer to die in the hospital.): the overall increase in patients with advanced cancer: (4) recent trends in early discharge of terminally ill patients from the limited hospital facilities to accomodate other medical insurance beneficiaries; (5) easy acceptance of euthanasia owing to the recent social atmosphere that belittles the dignity of human life; (6) medical and nursing care of AIDS patient in terminal stage; (7) and the problem associated with inhumane medical care system, overtreatment, and groundless fears against narcotics. Terminally ill patients were used to be treated in the hospital in the past. In these days, however, they are forced to have home cares with little assistance from the qualified medical personnel because of insufficient hospital facilities, which are even short for the need of emergency patients and provide priority cares to medical insurance beneficiaries with other acute problems. And yet, neither are there any administrative organizations nor systematic medical studies that deal with the level of terminally ill patient's need, their family's problems and resources of hospice care systems in Korea. Thus, most patients are not able to get appropriate medical care at the terminal stage of their lives. The objective of this study is to make comprehensive database for various hospice care organization currently in operation, link them through medical information system, and develop an easily accessible hospice care model that meets the need of most Korean people. Our survey results may be summarized as follows: Nationally there are 40 organizations that provide partial or full hospice care. However, these organizations are not linked to any formal medical service network. Furthermore, the objective of hospice care, care principles, personnel with appropriate training, educational programs, standard for care, costs, consulting service to patients' family members, the extent of medical care from professional staff members, status of hospice facility, and management of those institutions are neither clearly defined nor organized compared to the international hospice care standards. The surveys on patients of terminal stage. grouped in hospice and non-hospice care patients. reveal what they want visiting nursing care to help their pain control. psychological. social and spiritual demands. While the more than 90% of hospice care patients want to reduce their pains. the non-hospice care patients. in addition to their desire for pain control. demanded more psychological. social and spiritual helps as well. The results of this research could be utilized to 0) define the standard of hospice care. (2) provide the guidance for hospice medical care costs. (3) establish the database of hospice care systems. (4) develop softwares. (5) build communication network through Medinet. and (6) provide an organized visiting home nursing care system. These information should be a valuable resource to many medical staffs who are involved in cancer therapy. nursing care. and social welfare programs.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2008

Objective : Prolonged use of systemic corticosteroids negatively impacts skin barrier function. Corticosteroids have a major role in the practical management of many diseases, so it is necessary to find the drug or supplement which could keep the skin healthy during the systemic corticosteroids therapy. Seed of Trichossnthcs kiiilowii was commonly used for pulmonary disease in traditional Chinese medicine. Many studies have investigated and found that seed of Trichosanthes kirilowii has anti-bacterial, anti-HIV, anti-tumor and immunoregulatory functions. This study was performed to investigate the effect of seed of Trichosmthes kirilowii on the Skin Barrier Method : Triamcinolone 0.4mg was injected male hairless mice for 5 weeks ( 2 times a week, totally 10 times), Just before the first injection, hairless mice were divided into 3 groups; Control ( normal saline medicated group ), GroupA( seed of Trichosuuhes kirilowii qd/day medicated group ) and GroupB( seed of Trichosuuhes kiiilowii bid/day medicated group ), Body weight of all the groups were checked during the experiment, After $10^{th}$ injection, TEWL (Transeidermal water loss) of 3 groups were artificially increased by 9 times tape stripping and the changes of TEWL were checked at before stripping, right after, 2h, 4h, 6h, 24h, 48 and 72h later after stripping, AST, ALT and CBC were also checked. Indeed, stratum corneum of 3 groups were also examined and compared with that of normal hairless mouse. Results : 1. GroupB showed significantly lower body weight among three groups 2, There was no statistical difference at AST, ALT and CBC among three groups 3. GroupB was showed significantly lower TEWL than TEWL of Control at 48h later. 4 GroupB recovered it's TEWL of before tape stripping at 24h later, GroupA recovered that at 48h and Control recovered that at 72h later at the same condition 5. Stratum corneum of GroupA and GroupB were looked almost normal and healthy. On the contrary, stratum corneum of Control was looked thin and unhealthy. Conclusions : Seed of Ttichossnthes kirilowii has some effects on skin barrier function, especially TEWL of high dose corticosteroids injected hairless mouse and the efficacy seemed to be related with the dosage.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.111-117
• /
• 1999

Free radicals are thought to be the most important cause of the reperfusion injury subsequent to ischemia. The antioxidant status of the tissue affected by ischemia-reperfusion is of great importance for the primary endogenous defense against the free radical induced injury. Therefore, antioxidant therapy has been shown to be beneficial in neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and cerebral ischemia. In this study, the protective effects of Chungpesagan-tang (CST) was investigated against ischemia/reperfusion-induced cytotoxicity in SK-N-MC neuronal cells It was found out that low concentration of CST was highly effective in protecting neuronal cells against ischemia/reperfusion-induced cytotoxicity. The inhibitory effect of CST on malondialdehyde formation during ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress in SK-N-MC cells showed obvious dose-dependent responses. Also, CST showed relatively high inhibitory activity to xanthine oxidase induced by ischemia/reperfusion environment Therefore, it is thought that CST has both antioxidant and xanthine oxidase inhibitory effect and can be used for clinical applications for protection of neuronal cells from ischemia-reperfusion injury.

• Proceedings of the Korean Journal of Food and Nutrition Conference
• /
• 2000.05a
• /
• pp.1-3
• /
• 2000

A kind of traditional herbal prescription, Sip-Jeon-Dae-Bo-Tang (TJ-48), has been reported to improve the general condition of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and /or radiation therapy, and to accelerate hematopoietic recovery from bone marrow injury by mitomycin C. In the present studies, we found that hot-water extract from Atractylodes lancea DC. rhizomes contributed mainly to intestinal immune modulating activity of TJ-48 on Peyer's patch cells mediated-hematopoietic response. After the fractionation, ALR-5 II a-1-1, 5 II b-2-2 and 5 II c-3-1 were further purified from crude polysaccharide fraction. Chemical analyses of each fraction indicated that ALR-5 II a-1-1 mainly contained arabinogalactan fraction whereas ALR-5 II b-2-2 and 5 II c-3-1 mostly comprised pectic polysaccharide fractions as the active polysaccharide ingredients. In order to analyze the essential structure of the activity, ALR-5 II a-1-1 was treated by sequential enzymatic digestion using exo-${\alpha}$-L-arabinofuranosidase and exo-${\beta}$-D-(1\longrightarrow3)-galactanase. Based upon the results of chemical and MALDI-TOF-MS analyses and activity on the digested fractions, the galactosyl side chains consisting of 6-linked Galf and Galp over tetrasaccharide in ALR-5 II a-1-1 might be responsible for the potent intestinal immune modulating activity. To characterize moiety of ALR-5 II c-3-1 for the expression of activity, endo-${\alpha}$-D-(1\longrightarrow4)-polygal acturonase (GL-PGase) purified from dried leaves of Panax ginseng digested ALR-5 II c-3-1. The results of structural analyses and activity on the digested fractions showed that PG-2, which structurally resembles to rhamnogalacturonan II (RG II), and PG-3 (galacturono-oligosaccharides) contained potent intestinal immune modulating activity. Further purification of the other acidic fraction (ALR-5 II b-2-2) indicated that ALR-5 II b-2-2Bb showed that the most potent activity. ALR-5 II b-2-2Bb also contained the unusual component sugars characteristics in RG- II as well as PG-2 derived from ALR-5 II c-3-1, but it could not be digested with GL-PGase. The present studies of relationship between structures and intestinal immune modulating activity of the active polysaccharides purified from A. lancea DC. rhizomes suggested that neutral galactosyl chains consisting mainly of (1\longrightarrow6)-linked Galf and Galp, and RG- II -like moiety with unique component sugars, such as 2-Me-Xyl, 2-Me-Fuc, Api, AceA, Kdo and Dha should play an important role in the potent intestinal immune modulating action of A. lancea DC. rhizomes.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.51-60
• /
• 1998

The result of studying papers about management of lower back pain published in domestic and foreign nursing and medical magazines in these 10 years is as follows ; 1. General characteristic of lower back pain ; 1) In sex distribution, there were more men than women in 5 papers and more women than men in 4 papers among 9 papers surveryed. 2) In age distribution, thirties to forties of patients had more lower back pain as surveyed by general hospitals and fifties to sixties of patients had more lower back pain as surveyed by oriental medical hospitals. 3) In cause factor, there were 50 to 65% of sprain, 32 to 44% of herniated intervertebral disc and 13 to 29% of degenerative changes. 4) In symtom distribution, there were 26 to 57% of lower back pain, 42 to 65% of lower back pain with radiating pain and 34 to 99% of paravertevral muscle spasm. 5) In period of pain management distribution, 18 to 40% of patients experienced pain for less than 6 months and 59 to 82% of them experienced pain for more than 6 months in 3 papers among 4 papers. 6) In surveying the treatment, 66 to 88% of patients had conservative treatment and there were treatments of general hospital, oriental medicine, self remedy and traditional practice in conservative treatment. 7) In job distribution, 12 to 50% of them were housekeepers, 23 to 31% office workers, 4.6 to 36% blue color workers and 11 to 15% students. 2. As psychological character lower back pain paients had anxiety, depression, anger-hostility, phobic anxiety, neurasthenia, hypochondriasis, and interpersonal sensitivity. 3. To distinguish the cause of lower back pain, plain lumbar roentgenogram, straight leg rasing test, eletromyelogic findings, somatosensory evoked potentials CT and MRI were performed. 4. To relieve lower back pain. epidural adhesiolysis, epidulal injection of local anesthetic in mixture with steroid, lumbar spinal root block, low level laser therapy, acupuncture like transcutaneous nerve stimulation(AL TENS), topical capsaicin and lumbar orthotics were used in medical field, and relaxation technique was used in nursing field. 5. Mckenzie's extension exercise and William's flexsion exercise for lower back pain were used in medical field and Yoga exercise was applied in nursing field. 6. The more school education and self efficacy were high, the better they had active coping lower back pain positively and the less self efficacy was the more they had serious pain. As a result of studying the paper there have been very little research for lower back pain in nursing fields of Korea and foreign countries. Because 60 to 80% of population expeience lower back pain at least more than once, it is necessary to develop the study and clinical practice for management of lower back pain.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 2015

Indole 3-carbinol (I3C), important component of cruciferous vegetables and its major acid-catalyzed metabolite, 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) have been suggested to have an inhibitory effect on the tumor growth and metastasis. This study investigated the effect of DIM on the adhesion, migration and invasion of highly invasive PC3 and DU145 human prostate cancer cell lines. Cells were grown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) supplemented with 3.0 g/L glucose, 3.7 g/L sodium bicarbonate and 10% fetal bovine and were incubated in a humidified incubator at $37^{\circ}C$ and 5% $CO_2$. DIM reduced the adhesion of PC3 and DU145 cells in a dose dependent manner. The pretreatment of PC3 cells with DIM reduced the adhesion dose dependantly, but inhibition was less effective than the treatment with DIM during the adhesion assay. The migration and invasion of PC3 and DU145 cells were reduced by DIM dose dependantly, and the inhibition of DIM was less effective in the DU145 cells than in the PC3 cells. The pretreatment of PC3 cells with DIM for 24 hr before the assay reduced invasion of PC3 cells by 37%. These results suggest that DIM inhibits adhesion, migration and invasion of the PC3 and DU145 cells and may be an effective antimetastatic therapy in addition to traditional chemotherapy.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.54 no.1
• /
• pp.28-34
• /
• 2022

Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor and has an extremely poor prognosis. Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) contribute to tumor initiation, recurrence, and resistance to therapy, and are thus a key therapeutic target. The peel of Citrus unshiu Markovich has been used in traditional medicine in East Asia to treat various diseases. In this study, we investigated the anticancer activity and molecular mechanism of the chloroform extract of this natural product (CECU) in U87MG GSCs. The results show that CECU inhibited the proliferation, tumorsphere formation, and migration of U87MG GSCs by causing cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and apoptosis. In addition, CECU downregulated key cancer stemness regulators, including CD133, Oct4, Nanog, integrin α6, ALDH1A1, and STAT3 signaling in U87MG GSCs. Furthermore, CECU significantly suppressed in vivo tumor growth of U87MG GSCs in a chorioallantoic membrane model. Therefore, CECU can be utilized as a natural medicine for the prevention and treatment of glioblastoma.