• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.45-53
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• 2015

Purpose - Online shopping enables consumers to conveniently purchase products irrespective of the time and place. As a result, several online shopping companies have emerged to cater to this growing market and, therefore, the competition among them has become increasingly intense. This paper evaluates the comparative efficiency of online shopping companies for a multi-year period (2009-2013), in order to help online shopping managers identify major drivers for enhancing management efficiency and the subsequent competitiveness. Research design, data, and methodology - The researchers collected the data from 2009 to 2013 from the distribution yearbook. This paper analyzes the marketability (sales figures), profitability (business profits), and management conditions (net profits) of domestic online shopping enterprises by incorporating information on human resources (number of employees) and material resources (total assets and capital). Therefore, the number of employees, total assets, and capital are selected as input variables, and sales figures, business profits, and net profits as the output variables. In this study, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to measure the comparative efficiency of domestic online shopping companies. In addition, the Malmquist Productivity Index was used to evaluate the trend of change of Decision Making Units' (DMUs') efficiency for a multi-year period. Results - First, as of 2013, Interpark (2.415) was found to be the most efficient online shopping enterprise, followed by Aladdin Communications (2.117), Hyundai Home shopping (1.867), Home&Shopping (1.176), NS Home shopping (1.170), Commerce Planet (1.126), CJ O Shopping (1.105), Ebay Korea (1.088), and GS Home Shopping (1.051). Second, this study recognizes how the management efficiency has changed for the period 2009-2013. Third, the lesser the capital and employees, the more are the net profits, and the better is the management efficiency of domestic online shopping companies. Lastly, the productivity of such companies is influenced by endogenous factors rather than exogenous factors such as shifts in business environment and technological advances. Conclusions - DHC Korea influenced various distribution channels to reach customers through the Internet. Consequently, this helped in increasing the awareness about its products, in addition to an increase in sales. These achievements can be attributed to the characteristics of online shopping companies. Although it is easy for these companies to suggest goods for one-off purchases, they however have difficulties in retaining customers. Overcoming this challenge can be one of the ways to benchmark a successful case of an efficient company. For example, an online shopping company can attract customers by developing a corresponding mobile application as a convenient way to shop online. Additionally, they can satisfy customers by quick delivery of purchased products, which is possible by building an effective logistics network. Our study indicates that the productivity of an online shopping company was influenced by endogenous factors driven by improvements in managerial practices rather than exogenous factors. Accordingly, online shopping companies should adopt strategies to improve their operational efficiency rather than sales volume-oriented management.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.55-61
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• 2001

Recently, the trade volume between Korea, China, and Europe is increasing gradually with various transport routes such as sea, railway. and linking of them. In this study, economic efficiency of existing transport routes are estimated and trainferry type shipping between Mokpo and Lianyungang is proposed as a efficient transport route considering the trade volume between Korea and China.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.49
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• pp.189-212
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• 2011

As the international business increases among the nations of the world recently, it is an inevitable fact that its claims rise as well. The most reasons of the international business claims have been concentrated upon the unpaid issues. The other reasons are sequently the different interpretation of business contract's conditions, the inferior quality of the goods, the breach of shipping time, the uncertain market-claims and some problems of transportation, the quantity and bad package of the goods. As business transactions grow more complex, it becomes increasingly important to resolve claims as quickly and efficiently as possible. Recognizing the importance of comprehensive policy support for overall international trade and investment of local company in recent years, Korean government has reborn the Korea Insurance Corporation ("K-sure"). K-sure adopted a range of measures to improve management efficiency to strengthen national competitiveness and national economy by promoting oversea trade and investment. Especially, K-sure will be able cover not only export transactions but also import transactions to secure oversea natural resources and commodities vital the national economy. K-sure should be able to continue and expand the existing export insurance programs, support import transactions and lead export-oriented industrialization of Korea as the best trade insurance agency.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.23-31
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• 2016

The intermediate mixing chamber is one of various methods for improving the regression rate and combustion efficiency of the hybrid rocket. The mixing chamber with its non-combustible material makes the propulsion performance increase, but it leads to a low fuel-loading density in the combustion chamber; therefore, this performance-related trade-off between the mixing chamber and the low fuel-loading density was studied. In this study, the trade-off was conducted by comparing the intermediate-mixing-chamber case with a w/o-mixing-chamber case. The small hybrid-sounding rocket is designed with internal ballistics for comparing the rocket length to the weight. In addition, an external ballistic analysis was conducted for comparing the performances of the w/- and w/o-mixing-chamber cases. As a result, the intermediate-mixing-chamber case shows that the length and the weight were decreased to 12 % and 8 %, respectively; furthermore, when compared with the normal cases, the estimated altitude result of the w/-mixing-chamber case was increased to approximately 75 m.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.135-142
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• 2017

The importance of trade cooperation with foreign countries is becoming higher in order to utilize the competitiveness of its own country's industries. In Korea, the government has made various efforts to respond to the expansion of foreign trade cooperation. As time goes by, it is needed to redefine and reestablish the functions of industrial polices in order to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of foreign trade cooperation. We focus on the industrial and trade policies related to FTA. Mainly we do research the impact (before and after FTA) of industry, trade policies, and firms' management activities on the export-oriented firms. For this end we conduct a survey on the firms' evaluation of the trade related policies and analyze with the panel data regression model. According to the results, in order to enhance the utilization of FTA, the connection with export support program, the training of expert HRs, and the prohibition of double regulation are the main influential policies.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.321-342
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• 2023

This study aims to derive policy implications by analyzing the experiences of Korean ICT startups that participated in the government's online export and trade consultation platform, designed to support ICT startups' overseas expansion during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research methodology involved the analysis of semi-structured, in-depth interviews with six startups who participated in an online export and trade consultation platform, using Giorgi's phenomenological methodology. The analysis resulted in the identification of ten subcategories, including two subcategories for each of the five categories. These categories and subcategories offer a comprehensive understanding of the experiences of ICT startups in navigating the online export and trade counseling platforms. The findings suggest that online export and trade consultation platforms for ICT startups offer efficiency benefits by reducing time and space constraints, but they also reveal limitations in terms of practical business continuity. This study holds academic and practical significance by providing insights into how ICT startups navigate online export and trade counseling platforms during the pandemic.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.1-9
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• 2005

Along with the increasing trade volume among Korea, China, and Japan, firm and efficient logistics management through mutual co-operation Is being highly requested. In order to achieve logistics efficiency, logistics standardization should precede. Using standardized pallet is the core of logistics standardization which is closely connected to the unit load system and palletization. This study focuses on pallet standardization in three countries which are Korea, China, and Japan. The dramatic effect from pallet standardization Is expected in economy / international trade field and logistics / environment field. This study suggests an institute of Asian logistics standardization as a method to accomplish the logistics standardization among three countries. When these three countries overcome the disparity in standardization level and diverse concerns, we will finally attain efficient logistics system which will work as a 'highway' of North-East Asian logistics.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.19-40
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• 2021

Purpose - This paper's purpose is to investigate how foreign ownership and innovation affect firm value. Design/methodology - Firm innovation is defined as operational efficiency, which is calculated by adopting data envelopment analysis (DEA). Additionally, R&D intensity is included as a measure of innovation in the analysis. We used firm-level data from manufacturing companies in Korea. The sample comprised 3,753 firm-year observations for every year in the period 2003-2017. Findings - We found that foreign ownership and innovation are positively related to firm value (Tobin's Q). Foreign ownership moderates innovation's contribution to firm value, implying that foreign ownership may enhance the value relevance of firm innovation. In addition, we found that firm innovation partially mediates the relationship between foreign ownership and firm value. Originality/value - This highlights the important role of foreign investors' monitoring; wherein foreign investors enhance firm value by facilitating firm innovation. Our results suggest that foreign ownership can be crucial for innovation and may serve to address weak ownership structures.

• The Journal of shipping and logistics
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.457-474
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• 2011

The aim of this study is to analyze the efficiency of major ports in Northeast Asia such as Korea, China and Japan. For the empirical analysis, we tried to apply the data envelopment analysis (DEA), which is an efficiency evaluation model based on mathematical programming theory, and we also established a model to Northeast Asian ports. In our opinion, DEA analysis which involves multiple inputs as well as multiple outputs in its efficiency valuation makes analysis more suitable for port efficiency measurement because ports produce a number of different outputs. In this paper, we attempted to analyze the relative efficiency of 27 ports (5 Korean ports, 13 Chinese ports, 9 Japanese ports) through DEA-CCR, DEA-BCC models. According to the result, Chinese ports are relatively efficient than Korean and Japanese ports. The result of the analysis shows that 7 Chinese ports are efficient in DEA-CCR model in 2009, but in DEA-BCC model 8 Chinese ports and 1 Koran port are efficient. Most of inefficient ports have a value closed to 1 in efficiency for scale, it means that the reason of inefficiency is caused from the technical aspect. Furthermore, we also verified that there exists excess of input in Korean and Japanese ports than Chinese ports.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.135-150
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• 2014

This paper analyzes the operational efficiency of 91 individual retail stores in Seoul by a two-step procedure. In the first step, a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model is used to identify the efficiency scores. Three inputs (store size, number of items, and number of employees) and two outputs (sales and number of customers) are used for the efficiency measurement. In the second step, a Tobit regression model is used to identify the drivers of efficiency. DEA efficiency scores are used to test hypotheses on the impact of five independent variables, namely store age, number of items per store size, number of items per employee, trade area index, and number of competitors. Results of the Tobit analysis show that number of items per store size, number of items per employee, and number of competitors play a significant role in influencing the operational efficiency of retail stores. Managerial implications of the study are discussed.