• 천문학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2006

We carried out CO survey toward IR-excess clouds using SRAO 6-m telescope in search of molecular $H_2$. These clouds, which show far-infrared excess over what is expected from HI column density, are considered to be candidates of molecular clouds. In order to find new high Galactic latitude clouds, we made mapping observations for 14 IR-excess clouds selected from Reach et al.(1998) in $^{12}CO$ J = 1 - 0 line, supplementing the similar survey in southern hemisphere (Onishi et al. 2001). $^{12}CO$ emission is detected from three IR-excess clouds among 14 objects. Three newly detected clouds exhibit somewhat clumpy morphology and column densities amount to ${\sim}10^{21}\;cm^{-2}$. One of three clouds, DIR120-28, show discrepancy between IR-excess center and CO emission center. It seems that IR-excess may not be an effective tracer of molecular gas. Instead, optical depth$(\tau)$ excess, i.e., IR-excess corrected for temperature dependence, may be more effective tracer of molecular clouds, since, by combining statistics from both hemispheres, we found that the detection rate is higher for IR-excess clouds with lower dust temperature.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2008년 영문 학술대회
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• pp.781-789
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• 2008

The fluorescence ratio method for processing planar laser induced fluorescence(PLIF) data was generalized for quantitative imaging of the injectant mole-fraction in supersonic mixing flowfields. The original fluorescence ratio approach was introduced by Hartfield et al. for tests in a special closed-loop wind tunnel to eliminate the effects of thermodynamic property variations in compressible flowfields and to provide a quantitative means of mole-fraction measurement. However, they implicitly assumed that the tracer molecules were seeded at the same fraction in both main and secondary flows. In the present study, we proposed generalizing the Hartfield method by considering differences in the tracer seeding rates. We examined the generalized method in a mixing flowfield formed by sonic transverse injection into a Mach 1.8 supersonic air stream. The injectant molefraction distribution obtained from PLIF data processed by our new approach showed better agreement with the gas chromatograph than one based on the Hartfield method.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2004년도 학술논문집
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• pp.368-376
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• 2004

영광부지의 추적자 확산실험결과의 자료동화를 통하여 Gaussian plume 모형의 확산인자의 수정과 추적자 방출률 평가를 수행하였다. 부지 주변의 여러 지점에서 관측한 실험결과에 선형계획법을 적용하여 확산평가에 있어선 가장 불확실성이 크다고 알려진 확산인자를 수정하였다. 원자력 비상시 초기 대응평가에 사용되는 정보 가운데 가장 큰 불확실성을 포함한 선원항 정보를 추적자 농도 분포로부터 추정하였다. 실험 당시의 추적자 방출량을 모른다고 가정하고 Gaussina plume 모형의 예측치와 확산실험의 실측치를 이용한 최소자승법을 적용하여 방출률을 추정하였다. 확산인자를 수정한 후 Gaussian plume 모형의 예측력은 방출점으로 3km 및 8km 떨어진 포집선 두 경우 모두 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 실험당시의 방출률을 모른다고 가정하고 관측지점의 농도에 최소자승법을 적용한 결과 24%이내에서 실제 방출률을 양호하게 추정하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.193-201
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• 2001

Acidic air pollutants were collected to characterize indoor air quality in a residential area in the summer. All indoor and outdoor samples were measured simultaneously using an annular denuder system(ADS) in Seoul. The data set was collected from July 26 to September 11, 1997. The mean indoor/outdoor ratios measured from this study were : 0.34 for $HNO_3$; 0.91 for $HNO_2$; 0.22 for $SO_2$; 1.34 for $NH_3$; 0.78 for $PM_{2.5}(d_p$ <2.5 $mutextrm{m}$); 0.90 for $SO_{4}^{2-}$; 0.68 for $NO_{3}^{-}$ and 0.79 for $NH_{4}^{+}$. Indoor concentrations of $HNO_3$, $SO_2$ and $PM_{2.5}$ were highly correlated with the outdoor concentrations. The relationship between indoor and outdoor air is dependent, to a large extent, on the rate of air exchange between these two environments. A tracer-gas decay technique with sulfur hexafluoride ($SF_{6}$) as a tracer gas was used to estimate the air exchange of a private home in the summer. The average air exchange rate was estimated to be 23.7 hr(sup)-1. The deposition velocities for $SO_{4}^{2-}$, $NO_{3}^{-}$ and $NH_{4}^{+}$ calculated were 0.17, 0.69 abd 0.39 cm/sec, respectively.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 실내 유해가스의 제거효율 향상을 위하여 기계 환기시스템의 환기성능을 분석하는 것이다. 환기성능은 ASTM E741-83 기준에 의거하여 체강법을 사용하여 평가하였다. 추적가스($CO_2$) 기법을 사용하여 환기율과 급기/배기구 위치에 따른 환기성능이 평가되었다. 결과적으로 $CO_2$ 농도는 환기율 증가에 따라 지수적으로 감소하며 환기농도가 증가함을 파악하였다. 2종 환기방식 시스템의 환기성능이 1종 환기방식 또는 3종 환기방식 보다 더 우수하였다. 환경공조챔버에서 자연감쇠의 경우와 비교하여 급기량 570Lpm에서 1시간 후에 재실자가 없는 경우의 환기성능은 55%까지 증가하였고 1인 재실자가 있는 경우의 환기성능은 25%까지 증가하였다. 사무실에서 급기량 570Lpm인 경우 환기성능은 자연감쇠와 비교하여 15% 이상 크게 나타났다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.534-540
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• 1988

본 연구에서는 디이젤분무 주위기체의 유동특성중에서 유동속도에 관하여 보 고 하였다. 본모에서는 분무기간중 분사압력의 시간경과특성이 상이한 두 종류의 분 사계를 사용하여 생성된 분무와 주위 기체와의 유동방향의 시간경과 및 유입시기, 정 상유입속도 도달시간등을 분무의 축방향과 반경방향에 대하여 상세한 측정결과를 얻었 기에 보고한다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.31.1-31.1
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• 2013

Barred-spiral galaxies possess double patterns: a bar and spiral arms. While their angular speeds play an important role in governing gas dynamical evolution of barred spiral galaxies, there is no direct way to observe them. The Tremaine-Weinberg (TW) method has been one of the most reliable indirect methods to estimate pattern speeds, although it requires a few strict assumptions, notably one that the gas tracer is in a quasi-steady state. In barred-spiral galaxies, however, non-steady gas flows are significant especially when the double patterns have different angular speeds. Using numerical models, we explore the effect of non-steady gas motions on the determination of double pattern speeds based on the TW method. We find that the TW method is accurate within 15% when there is only a single pattern or when double patterns have the same angular speed. When double patterns have different speeds, on the other hand, neglecting the non-steady flows leads to quite large errors (> 30%) in the derived pattern speeds, and severely underestimate the real values for the viewing angle parallel to the bar minor axis. This suggests that one should be cautious when applying the TW method to galaxies with double patterns with different speeds.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집B
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• pp.520-525
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• 2000

This research is to analyze the ventilation performance of mechanical ventilation systems for indoor air quality control and management. A ventilation performance with supply sites is evaluated in a test model chamber and office room. A $CO_2$ gas as a tracer gas is used to measure the ventilation performance. The ventilation performance is found to increase with increased the ventilation rate. The ventilation performance is analysed with 55% at the supply air of 570 lpm and with 20% at the supply air of 100 lpm in a test chamber. The ventilation performance is better than 15% comparing with natural decay at the supply of 570 lpm in office room.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.81-88
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• 1999

In order to understand the relationship between the phase angle of piston ring and oil consumption was measured by analyzing $CO_2$concentration in exhaust gas. The use of hydrogen fuel not gasoline makes this possible because all of the carbon component in exhaust gas can be assumed to be produced from oil. As a result of experiment, it is known that the oil consumption varies periodically and a specific location of ring end gap was found at each peak of oil consumption. Therefore, it was found that the oil consumption was not constant even at the same operating conditions and this is because the relative locations of top and 2'nd ring end gap change arbitrarily.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2006년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.54-56
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• 2006

Single-well-gas-sparging tests were developed and evaluated for assessing the feasibility of in-situ aerobic cometabolism of trichloroethylene (TCE), using propane as a growth substrate. To evaluate transport characteristics of dissolved solutes [sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) or bromide (non-reactive tracers), propane (a growth substrate), ethylene, propylene (nontoxic surrogates to probe for CAH transformation activity), and DO], push-pull transport tests were performed. Mass balance showed about 90% of the injected bromide and about 80% of the injected SF6 were recovered, and the recoveries of other solutes were comparable with bromide and slightly higher than SF6. A series of Gas-Sparging Biostimulation tests were performed by sparging propane/oxygen/argon/SF6 gas mixtures, and temporal ground water samples were obtained from the injection well under natural gradient 'drift' conditions. The decreased time for propane depletion and the longer time to deplete SF6 as a conservative tracer indicate the progress of biostimulation. Gas-Sparging Activity tests were performed. .Propane utilization, DO consumption, and ethylene and propylene cometabolism were well demonstrated. The stimulated propane-utilizers cometabolized ethylene and propylene to produce ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, as cometabolic by-products, respectively. Gas-Sparging Acetylene Blocking tests were performed by sparging gas mixtures including acetylene to demonstrate the involvement of monooxygenase enzymes. Gas substrate degradation was essentially completely Inhibited in the presence of acetylene, and no production of the corresponding oxides was also observed. The Gas-Sparging tests supports the evidences that the successive stimulation of propane-oxidizing microorganisms, cometabolic transformation of ethylene and propylene by the enzyme responsible for methane and propane degradation.