• 한국조리학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.90-99
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• 2014

타락은 우유에 막걸리를 접종원으로 사용하거나 또는 미리 제조된 타락을 접종원으로 이용하여 젖산발효 시킨 우리 고유의 전통발효유이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 전통 타락을 제조하고, 타락의 첨가 비율에 따른 타락푸딩의 품질특성을 알아보고자 한다. 타락의 첨가비율에 따라 제조한 타락푸딩의 수분, 조단백질, 조지방, 조회분 함량의 분석결과 수분의 함량을 제외한 조단백질, 조지방, 조회분의 함량이 타락의 첨가량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 높아지는 경향을 나타내었다(p<0.05). pH의 경우 타락의 첨가량이 많을수록 저하하였고, 산도의 경우에는 pH와 반대로 타락의 첨가가 증가할수록 유의적으로 높아졌다. 당도의 경우 대조군에 비해 TP 1, 2, 3가 더 높았고 이들 보다 TP 4는 가장 높은 당도로 유의차를 보여줬다(p<0.05). 타락푸딩의 색도 측정 결과 L 값의 경우 대조군의 측정치가 38.80이였는데, 타락 첨가량이 증가할수록 타락푸딩의 L값이 증가하였고, a 값은 감소, b 값의 경우에는 유의적으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 텍스쳐 측정 시 fracturability를 제외한 모든 항목에서 대조군에 비해 타락 첨가군이 hardness, springiness와 cohesiveness, chewiness, adhesiveness에서 시료 간 유의적인 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 관능검사 결과 대조군에 비해 타락 첨가군인 TP 2, TP 3, TP 4가 맛, 향, 전반적인 기호도에서 높게 평가되었고, 이들 시료간의 통계적인 유의적 차는 없었다. 수치적 결과로 맛은 TP 4가 가장 높았고, 외형과 조직감은 TP 2가 높게 평가되었으나 풍미와 전반적인 기호도에서 TP 3가 가장 높았다. 이는 타락 특유의 신맛과 향으로 인해 푸딩 제조 시 타락 100% 첨가 TP 4보다 75% 첨가 TP 3가 바람직한 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2010

The characteristics of delivered nutrient loads were analyzed and the regression equations to estimate delivery ratios of nutrients (TN and TP) were developed using HSPF simulation results at six subwatersheds within the Bochung A unit watershed during 1998-2007. TN delivery ratio was higher than TP delivery ratio because significant amounts of TP was considered to be attached at soil as ${PO_4}^-$ during delivery process from discharged point of nutrient source to main stream. As a results of correlation analysis, factors related to geomorphic characteristics had not statistical correlation with TN and TP delivery ratios. TN loading rate from living and specific stream flow had statistical negative and positive correlation, respectively, with TN delivery ratio. TP loading rates from all sources and from land cover and specific stream flow had statistical negative, negative and positive correlation, respectively. The specific stream flow represents the most strong correlation with nutrient delivery ratios. The regression equations to estimate delivery ratios for TN and TP were developed by including statistical correlated factors and showed high efficiency of 0.98 and 0.95 of coefficient of determination for TN and TP, respectively.

• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.58-67
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• 2020

This study presents cyclic stress-strain and tensile test results at room temperature (RT) and 316℃ using cold-worked TP304 stainless steel base and weld metals. By comparing the cyclic hardening/softening behavior and failure cycle of cold-worked materials with those of irradiated austenitic stainless steels, the feasibility of simulating the irradiation effect on cyclic deformation and failure behaviors of TP304 stainless steel base and weld metals was investigated. It was found that, in the absence of strain-induced martensite trasformation, cold-working could properly simulate the change in cyclic hardening/softening behavior of TP304 stainless steel base and weld metals due to neutron irradiation. It was also recognized that cold-working could adequately simulate the reduction in failure cycles of TP304 stainless steel base and weld metals due to neutron irradition in the low-cycle fatigue region.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2012

This experiment was conducted to investigate the dietary effects of turmeric powder (TP) on laying performances, egg qualities and its transfer into eggs. A total of two hundred, 60-wk-old, Lohmann Brown layers were divided into 4 groups, placed in to 5 replicates per group (10 layers each) and fed each one of four diets containing 0% TP (control), 0.10, 0.25 or 0.50% TP, respectively, for 7 wks. Egg production in the all groups fed diets containing TP were significantly higher than that in control (P<0.05). No differences in feed intakes, egg and eggshell qualities were observed among the treatments, but Roche color fan number (yolk color) in group fed diet with 0.5% TP was significantly higher than in control (P<0.05). In the groups fed diets containing TP, Haugh units after 2 wk of storage were significantly higher than that of control (P<0.05). The curcumin content of egg yolk in the groups fed diet containing 0.50% TP was significantly higher than those in the other groups (P<0.05). The cholesterol levels of egg yolk were not influenced by dietary TP. It was concluded that dietary TP was effective in improving laying performance and internal egg qualities. TP can be also used as a feed additive for the production of value-enhanced eggs with increased yolk color and curcumin content.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.722-729
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• 2005

With the aim to improve the specificity and to reduce the cytotoxicity of polyethylenimine (PEI), we have synthesized the conjugates of the branched PEI (25 kDa) with transferrin. The trans-ferrin-PEI (TP) conjugates with five compositions were synthesized using periodate oxidation method and confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography. The free amine contents of TP conjugates, which were able to condense and deliver DNA, increased as the amount of PEI increased. TP/DNA polyplexes were characterized by measuring gel elec-trophoresis, ethidium bromide fluorescence quenching, particle size and zeta potential of complexes. Complete complexation of the polyplexes was observed above the N/P ratio of 5 in TP/DNA, and above 3 in PEI/DNA, respectively. The zeta potential of the complexes decreased as the amount of transferrin in TP conjugates increased. Transfection efficiency of TP conjugates was evaluated in HeLa cell and Jurkat cell systems. Among the five compositions of TP conjugates, TP-2 system mediated a higher $\beta$-galactosidase gene expression than PEI system in Jurkat cell which was known to express elevated numbers of transferrin receptors. From the results of the cell viability based on MTT assay, TP conjugates showed lower cytotoxicity com-pared with the PEI system. We expect that the TP conjugate can be used efficiently as a non-viral gene delivery vector.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.235-241
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• 2015

Objective : Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) detects various patterns, which can be attributed to many factors. The purpose of this study was to measure the level of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and highly specific protein [beta-trace protein (${\beta}TP$)] for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in CSDHs, and correlate the levels of these markers with the MRI findings. Methods : Thirty one patients, treated surgically for CSDH, were divided on the basis of MRI findings into hyperintense and non-hyperintense groups. The concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, and ${\beta}TP$ in the subdural fluid and serum were measured. The ${\beta}TP$ was considered to indicate an admixture of CSF to the subdural fluid if ${\beta}TP$ in the subdural fluid $({\beta}TP_{SF})/{\beta}TP$ in the serum $({\beta}TP_{SER})>2$. Results : The mean concentrations of IL-6 and IL-8 of the hyperintense group (n=17) of T1-WI MRI were $3975.1{\pm}1040.8pg/mL$ and $6873.2{\pm}6365.4pg/mL$, whereas them of the non-hyperintense group (n=14) were $2173.5{\pm}1042.1pg/mL$ and $2851.2{\pm}6267.5pg/mL$ (p<0.001 and p=0.004). The mean concentrations of ${\beta}TP_{SF}$ and the ratio of ${\beta}TP_{SF}/{\beta}TP_{SER}$ of the hyperintense group (n=13) of T2-WI MRI were $7.3{\pm}2.9mg/L$ and $12.6{\pm}5.4$, whereas them of the non-hyperintense group (n=18) were $4.3{\pm}2.3mg/L$ and $7.5{\pm}3.9$ (p=0.011 and p=0.011). Conclusion : The hyperintense group on T1-WI MRI of CSDHs exhibited higher concentrations of IL-6 and IL-8 than non-hyperintense group. And, the hyperintese group on T2-WI MRI exhibited higher concentrations of ${\beta}TP_{SF}$ and the ratio of ${\beta}TP_{SF}/{\beta}TP_{SER}$ than non-hyperintense group. These findings appear to be associated with rebleeding and CSF admixture in the CSDHs.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.171-180
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• 2002

곰소만 조간대 퇴적물에서 인의 각 형태에 대한 시공간적인 분포와 관련 환경 인자를 조사하였다. 퇴적물 내 총인(TP), 입자성무기인(PIP), 총유기인(TOP), 용존무기인(DIP)의 곰소만 전체 평균 함량은 각각 548.8mg P kg$^{-1}$, 426.1mg P kg$^{-1}$, 122.6 mg P kg$^{-1}$, 0.217 mg P kg$^{-1}$로써, TP 중 차지하는 순서는 연중 변화 없이 PIP>TOP>DIP이었다. TP는 여름과 겨울간에, 수평적, 수직적으로 일관된 변화는 발견하지 못하였다. 다만, 줄포천 하구에 위치한 조간대 퇴적물에서 높은 TP가 발견되었다. 시기적으로 대부분의 정점에서 8월에 TOP 농도가 높게 나타나 TP중 28.90%를 차지하는 반면, TIP는 71.10%를 차지하고, 11월에는 반대로 TOP가 15.63%로 급격하게 감소하고, TIP가 84.38%를 차지하였다. DIP의 농도 자체는 낮지만, 뚜렷한 계절적인 변화를 보였다. DIP는 모든 정점에서 8월이 11월 보다 3배 높은 농도를 보였다. 이러한 경향은 11월에 비하여 8월 조사기간 동안 퇴적물 내 함유된 유기물의 절대적인 농도에는 차이가 없으나, 높은 수온에 의하여 수층의 일차생산력이 증가하고, 따라서 상층수에서 퇴적물로 공급되는 절대적인 유기물량이 증가함과 동시에 유기물의 분해율 또한 증가한 것으로 생각된다. 따라서 공극수 내 DIP의 농도가 증가되었을 것이다. 여름철 퇴적물의 표층 하에서 혐기성 조건이 조성되어 퇴적 입자에 흡착되었던 PIP의 일부가 낮은 pH, Eh환경에서 용존 상태로 전환된 부분도 있었을 것이다. 따라서 이러한 변화에 대한 가장 중요한 요인으로 곰소만 조간대 퇴적물 내 인의 분포는 일차적으로 줄포천과 같이 생활하수가 집중적으로 공급되는 곳에서 높은 TP 농도를 보였고, 시기적으로 PIP와 DIP는 강한 계절적인 차이를 나타내었으며 , 이는 주로 하절기 높은 수온과 유기물 함량이 여타 다른 환경을 변화시킴으로써 나타나는 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.35-45
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• 1980

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of castration and administration of testosterone propionate(TP) on the development of the thyroid, adrenal glands and the testis in immature male rats, 25 days immatured, weighing 64.1${\pm}$2g, were divided into two groups of control and castrated, each sub-divided into 30 rats again, treated and untreated with TP respectivity. Each rat was given 20$m\ell$ of TP subcutaneously at two weeks interval. Six rats among each group were randomly sacrificed at 7, 21, 35, 49, and 63 days after treatment, of which their thyroid, adrenal glands and testis were collected for cytometric observation. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The size of the follicle of thyroid glands had a tendency to increase proportionally to the treatment period in every group. However, in castration group, the follicular size of the untreated with TP were significantly increased from 49 days (p<0.05) after treatment than that of the treated with TP, while in control group, the treated with TP were not increased during the treatment period. Regarding the height of the follicular epithelial cell in thyroid gland, the treated with TP had a tendency to increase than the untreated with TP in both castration and control group. 2. Regarding the size of the follicle of thyroid gland in relation with the increment period, the untreated with TP in control group were slightly increased from 49 days after treatment, but the treated with TP were not changed significantly. Castration group had a tendency to increase significantly than the control group, especially the untreated with TP in castration group were significantly increased. 3. As for the change of the relative height of thyroidal follicular epithelial cell in relation with the increment of treatment period, the untreated, A and C group, in both castration and control group were increased at 35 days 63 days after treatment while the treated, B and D group had tendency to increase from 21 days after treatment. 4. Regarding the thickness fo adrenal cortex, the castration group had a tendency to increase than the control group until 21 days after treatment. But, at 35 days, the change of the thickness was reversed; Mean while at 49 days and 63 days, especially C group in castration were significantly increased than any other groups although there were no significant differences among the every group during the whole treatment period. Regarding the thickness of adrenal cortex in relation with the increment of treatment period, A, B and C group had a tendency to increase until 21 days after treatment. After that period, there was no significant increment in all groups. Especially, in D group, there were no significant changes from 7 days to 63 days after treatment. 5. As for the tickness of adrenal medulla, there were no significant changes in every group of castration and TP treatment, except that the castration group had a tendency to increase continually than the control throughout the whole treament period. 6. In terms of the number, diameter and thickness of seminiferous tubule in testis of control group, the treated group with TP were distinctly reduced than those of the untreated group from 49 days after treatment respectively.

• 한국환경기술학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.556-562
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• 2018

현재 하수종말처리장은 질소와 인의 방류수 수질기준 강화로 생물학적 처리 후 약품주입으로 잔류인의 처리를 하고 있는 실정에서 방류수 수질기준은 확보가 가능하나, 약품주입량의 과다와 발생되는 슬러지의 증대 및 발생슬러지의 탈수효율 저하로 슬러지처리과정에서 또 다른 문제가 발생하여 처리에 대한 신뢰성이 결여되어 있는 실정이다. 그러므로 본 연구는 기존 하수종말처리장에서 발생하고 있는 문제에 대하여 최소의 반응시간과 슬러지 발생량의 최소화를 토대로 생물학적 고도처리를 적용한 하수처리장에서 방류수 수질기준의 강화에 따라 생물학적 처리로 확보하기 어려운 안정적 처리방식과 처리수질변동에 대한 적응 및 질소와 인의 처리기준을 맞추기 위하여 기존 하수처리 방식에 Electro Coagulation and Oxidation system을 적용한 결과 다음과 같다. 1) Al-SUS(stainless steel)로 배치한 전극에서 반응시간대와 상관없이 $15mA/cm^2$의 전류밀도에서 BOD, TN 및 TP의 처리효율이 $5mA/cm^2$에서의 처리효율보다 높게 나타났으나, 전류밀도 $10mA/cm^2$ 이상만을 유지하여도 TP의 경우 대부분 0.1 mg/L 정도로 처리가 가능하며, 특히, 반응시간을 10 min으로 유지할 경우 TP농도는 전류밀도와 상관없이 0.06 mg/L 이하로 방류수 수질기준 0.1 mg/L 이하를 유지할 수 있었다. 2) TP농도의 변화는 전류밀도의 변화에 영향을 크게 받지 않으며, 오히려 반응시간에 따라 처리수의 농도가 변화하는 것으로 전기응집반응의 경우 수초~수분이 요구되나 전기산화와 동시에 반응이 일어나야 하므로 적절한 전기응집산화의 반응시간은 10 min 이상이 요구되는 것으로 연구되었다. 3) 결과적으로 본 연구에서 생활하수의 TN 및 TP처리를 위한 전기응집산화공정의 경제적인 전류밀도는 $15mA/cm^2$이하, 반응시간은 10 min을 유지하는 것이 적절한 것으로 연구되었다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2009년도 제33회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.62-65
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• 2009

본 연구는 30톤급 액체로켓엔진의 TP-GG-CC의 시동특성에 관한 연구로써, 기수행한 TP-GG 연계시험의 결과 및 예측에 바탕을 두고 있다. CC가 장착됨에 따라 주밸브의 개방시간을 결정하여야 하며 그에따라 시동특성을 살펴보았고, 다양한 밸브 개방시간을 적용하여 적절한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.