• 환경정책연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.3-19
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• 2010

안양천은 서울의 한강에 유입되는 대표적 도시하천이다. 도시화로 인한 안양천 하천수질 악화와 건천화 문제를 개선하기 위해 유역통합관리를 위한 여러 사업이 진행되고 있다. 유역통합관리를 위해서는 관련 지자체들의 공조가 필요하게 되며, 재정분담문제가 필연적으로 발생하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 유역통합관리를 위해 제안된 사업비 261억의 4개 소유역의 비용분담 방안을 Shapley Value를 이용하여 제안하고 이를 다른 2개 분담방안들과 비교하였다. '분담방안 1'은 수질개선시설이 설치되는 유역의 지자체가 비용을 부담하는 방안으로, 소유역 I지역은 0.58%, 소유역 II지역은 29.54%, 소유역 IV지역은 0%, 그리고 소유역 V지역은 69.88%의 비용을 분담하게 된다. '분담방안 2'는 각 소유역의 소하천길이에 따라 비용을 분담하는 것으로, 13개 지자체들의 교섭력이 동일하다는 것을 전제로 하고 있으며, 소유역 I지역은 13.76%, II지역은 7.34%, IV지역은 45.87%, V지역은 33.03%의 분담을 해야 한다. 하지만 하천의 물 흐름은 상중하류의 각 지자체에 서로 다른 교섭력을 부여하므로, 공조적 게임의 해(解)인 shapley Value를 이용하여 교섭력을 고려한 재정분담방안인 '분담방안 3'으로 비용분담체계를 설계하였다. 모든 가능한 공조체제에 있어 각 참여자들의 평균 한계기여도의 합으로 측정되는 Shapley Value에 의한 분담비율은 I지역 0.29%, II지역은 14.77%, IV지역 50.00%, V지역은 34.94%이며, 이를 지자체들이 수용 가능한, '공정한' 재정분담방안으로 제시하였다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.109-116
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• 1976

Reorganization of myun health care service is one of the main issues in health care delivery in rural Korea. The fundamenta, concept of the role and function of the myun health subcenter is that it is the basic unit of rural health care service and is to provide comprehensive health care service through the integration of curative and preventive services. The aim of this study is to analyze the patterns of curative activities in the myun health subcenter in terms of the most prevalent types of diseases, necessary diagnostic methods and required equipment, types of treatment, necessary drugs and materials, and finally the cost of curative services. The population on which this study was done was the 1596 patients who visited the two myun health subcenters (Sunwon Myun and Naega Myun) in Kang Wha County, the area of the Yonsei University Community Health Teaching Project, during period from May 1, 1975 to June 10, 1976. For the patient's record in the clinic, problem oriented medical records were used. Decisions regarding the disease classification, the diagnostic methods used and selection of the most appropriate and adequate medical treatment were made by a group of three experienced physicians after reviewing the medical records which had been written by public physicians who were treating patients in the study area. The records were reviewed by resident staff members of the Department of Preventive Medicine, of Yonsei University College of Medicine. A brief summary of results of the study is as follow: 1. 29.9% of the patients who visited the clinics were ages between 0-4. No sex difference was observed among patients less than 20 years of age. However, among patients over 20 years old, females predominated. Thus it is evident that the majority of patients were either children or mothers and grandmothers. 2. The distance from the individual villages to the myun health subcenter was one of important factors in determining the ratio of clinic visits. However, other factors such as the activities of the health workers also affected the rates substantially. 3. The most common 25 diseases comprised 90.2% of all the diseases recorded. Acute respiratory infection (25.5%), Skin (12.7%) , diarrheal diseases (6.8%), neuralgia and back pain (4.9%) and. all other injuries (3.9%) were the five most common diseases. 4. Of all the diseases diagnosed and treated, 9.2% required simple laboratory tests for diagnosis, 6.5% required X-ray examination, and altogether 13.6% required either laboratory test or X-ray examination. 5. Treatment and management of 42.0% of the cases could be accomplished with simple, inexpensive drugs, 12.8% required the use of more expensive drugs (mostly antibiotics) and injections were required in 19.7% of the cases. Minor surgery and referral were necessary in 5% of the cases. 6. The cost for diagnosis and treatment was estimated with a standard which was set by general concensus. The average cost of diagnosis was 144 per case and the cost of treatment was 726 per case, The Total average cost per visit was 870.

• 농촌계획
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.153-164
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• 2016

Developed countries in agriculture like Netherlands, Belgium and England, have managed Green Care policy and project during the last decades. The needs in Green Care is also increasing as new growth power in rural area of Korea. This study investigated sites which are already operating as complex with Green Care theme. This study surveyed the operating conditions like type, scale, location pattern, purpose, customer and finance for cases of the complex. The period of the survey is from 2015. 8. 11 to 2015. 09. 10 for the 24 activated cases in aspect of operation and management. Among the 24 cases, 16 cases were classified as Green Care Complex which facilities are aggregated a place, and the other 8 cases as Green Care Cluster which are distributed at several places. The analysis result showed that there were apparent distinction among cases in total budget, costs of construction, capacity for guest, and the total number of annual visitors. Despite of the type and scale the accommodation cost, the number of workers, and amount of sales have small deviation in distribution of values, although the cases have various type of contents and scale of space. The result of this study can be used as data of bench marking to develop the Green Care Complex or Cluster in rural area.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.51-70
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• 2013

This paper develops a model to predict the adoption and level of usage of network technology in a two-level supply chain with buyer-supplier relationships. A firm's adoption of a new technology depends not only on its own beliefs of the new technology's costs and benefits, but also on the adoption decisions of other firms in the supply chain. A model first analyzes an individual supplier's decision about a new technology adoption considering with multiple suppliers and buyers. Individual suppliers' decisions are aggregated with a population model to project how new technology diffuses across the supply chain and examine the pattern of diffusion process. This study found that as more firms adopt in initial periods, the total amount of information to the potential adopters in the population increases, and then the number of firms persuaded by the information increases as the process moves up the distribution of adoption process. We consider three factors influencing the diffusion speed of the new technology in a supply chain network : mean benefits, cost sharing, and information provision. This study examines how such factors affect the reduction of threshold levels, which implies that reductions in threshold levels have an aggregate effect by accelerating the rate of adoption. In particular, we explore relationship factors available in practice in a buyer-supplier relationship and numerically examines how these relationship factors contribute to increase the diffusion speed of the technology in a two-level supply chain.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.138-147
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• 2006

건설업은 타산업, 특히 제조업 분야와 비하여 시장구성이 분절적이며 시장상황의 변동이 지극히 유동적이다. 그간 많은 연구자들이 기존의 비용예측 기법들을 통해 이러한 건설부문의 특성을 반영, 그 예측력을 높이기 위하여 많은 노력을 경주해오고 있다. 본 연구에서는 공동주택 비용투입 형태를 예측함에 있어서 사례기반추론(Case-Based Reasoning : CBR)을 이용, 기존 사업에 대한 실적데이터를 활용함에 있어서 유사한 프로젝트를 일정기준에 의하여 선별, 해당 비용정보만을 참조하여 향후 비용투입을 예측함으로써 그 정확도를 향상시키고자 하였다. 비용예측모델의 정확도를 제고하기 위해 비교 프로젝트간의 유사성을 비교함에 있어서, 비용정보는 세 가지 수준의 공종분류, 즉 전체프로젝트 수준, 7개 대공종 분류, 총 20개 세부공종별 분류에 따라 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결론은 데이터베이스화된 자료 중, 유사성을 계량화한 후 유사성평가 상위 $12{\sim}19%$의 프로젝트의 정보만을 참조하는 것이 그 예측도를 극대화시킬 수 있는 것으로 판명되었다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.396-412
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• 2014

Background: As a reform plan of health care system, Accountable Care Organization (ACO) has became an object of attention in the United States after Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was enacted. ACO is a group of various health care providers and provide coordinated care to its assigned beneficiaries. If ACOs improve the quality level and reduce the cost of care, they can get financial incentives. Under the discussion for a quite long time and demonstration projects, ACO has been established. We aimed to analysis and discuss the history, policy mechanism, contents, status and outcomes of ACO. Also, we intended to suggest political implication Korean health care system with regard to ACO. Methods: We searched the articles related ACO in PubMed and selected several available papers about ACO. Total 56 studies were reviewed and categorized three parts; demonstration projects for formation of ACO, policy mechanism and agenda, empirical results of ACO performance. Results: As a result, establishment of ACO was successful partly in the US. It seems to be due to various project and pilot test for verification in the long time. The empirical effect of ACO was also identified in a few study but it needs more evidences to judge its positive effect. Conclusion: In Korea, there are arguments for the application of ACO. However it is difficult to implement a ACO by different political conditions between Korean and US. Nevertheless ACO proposed us the necessity of paradigm shift in our health policy and could be significant to national policy orientation in the future.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.178-184
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• 2020

Background: Korea set up a new diagnosis-related group as a demonstration project in 2009. The new diagnosis-related group was reformed in 2016. The main purpose of the study is to identify the effect of reform on coverage of national health insurance. Methods: This study collected inpatient data from a hospital that contains medical information and cost from 2015 July to 2016 June. The dependent variable was the coverage of national health insurance. The dependent variable was divided by total, internal medicine partition, surgical partition, and psychiatric partition. To analyze the effect of the reform, this study conducted an interrupted time series analysis. The final sample included 23,695. Results: The health insurance coverage of internal medicine has the highest, followed by surgery and psychiatry. The health insurance coverage of bundle payment is higher than that of unbundled payment. The proportion of bundled payment and non-benefit decreased and the proportion of unbundled payment increased. The coverage of national health insurance significantly increased after policy reform in internal medicine partition (p-value=0.0356). Conclusion: The results of the study imply that policy reform enhanced the coverage of national health insurance in internal medicine. The government needs to monitor side effects such as an increase of unbundled payment.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2010

본 연구는 중소기업의 정보화를 추진함에 있어, 정보화 중에서도 중단기적인 도입 성과를 낼 수 있는 생산설비정보화 구축을 위하여, 성형제조업 분야의 생산실적 수집에 대한 표준 모델을 연구 개발한다. 성형제조업 생산설비정보화 표준화를 위한 개발방법론은 기 연구 개발된 생산설비정보화 개발 방법론(PSDM)을 적용하며, 표준화 모델은 생산관리 프로세스 중 메인 프로세스인 원자재수급 관리와 생산량 집계 2개의 프로세스를 표준화 시키고 표준 모듈을 개발한다. 본 연구로 생산설비정보화를 구축하고자 하는 성형제조업 중소기업 및 관련 전문 IT업체 들이 표준화된 모듈을 적용하여 시스템을 보다 효과적으로 구축 할 수 있으며, 시스템에 대한 구축 용이성과 신뢰성을 제공한다. 본 연구 결과를 적용함으로써 생산공정의 불합리한 요소제거, 생산제품 품질 향상, 생산비용절감이 가능하다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.941-951
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• 2015

국내 건설기업들은 해외건설 시장에서 6천 8백억 불 수주를 달성하는 등 양적성장을 지속해 왔으나, 원천기술과 사업관리 역량이 선진기업에 비해 상대적으로 뒤지고 있으며 최근 무리한 저가수주로 인해 대규모 적자가 발생하는 등 어려움을 겪고 있다. 따라서 이러한 원천기술과 사업관리역량을 극복하기 위한 대안이 필요한 실정이며 시공성 개념은 이러한 대안의 하나이며 해외 선진국에서 다양한 연구결과가 실무에 적용되고 있다. 국내기업이 해외 EPC건설공사에서 경쟁력을 확보하기 위해서는 시공성 개념의 실무적용이 필요하다. 시공성이란 건설공사에서 전체 프로세스에 영향을 미치는 요인들의 범위를 의미하며, 시공용이성과 프로젝트의 품질을 확보하는 것을 의미한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국내 건설기업의 해외건설공사에 대한 시공성을 적용하기 위하여, 설계단계 및 시공단계에서 시공성에 영향을 주는 요소로 연구의 범위를 한정하고 구조 방정식 모델을 활용한 시공성 평가모델을 구축하고자 한다. 여러 변수들 간에 복잡하게 연결된 인과관계를 분석하는데 구조방정식을 활용하였으며 직 간접효과를 동시에 도출하여 해외건설 프로젝트 시공성에 미치는 영향과 상호관계를 파악하고자 하였다. 해외건설공사의 시공성에 영향을 미치는 영향요소는 문헌고찰, 기업보고서 및 전문가 자문, 설문조사를 통하여 8개의 잠재변수와 34개의 측정변수를 도출하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 모델은 해외건설공사의 시공성을 가장 효과적으로 향상 시킬 수 있으며 비용절감, 공기단축, 품질향상 측면에서 전략적 대응방안을 수립함으로써 사업의 최종 목표를 성공적으로 달성하는데 기여 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.57-68
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• 1982

The paddy fiels slope located in Kangweon province Hwyongsung gun Gonggeun myon Shinchonri was considerably steep and so it was impossible to economically consolidate the field up to date. But for the porpose of farm mechanization, the field (32. 27ha) was consolidated by the auther under the assitance of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fishery and,;the Administration of Kangweon province. This paddy field consolidation was caused by the treatise on "Land-consolidation methods for farm mechanization in the steep-sloped paddy field", of which the auther is the same. The constrution was carried out from September, 1981 to April, 1982. During the 4esign and construction, some Peculiarities were found and discussed. That is, in design, besides the common condititions for a design, some special conditions were considered and written below; (1) The ranges of field slope in this design were 1/100-1/30. (2) Long sides of the land readjustment blocks must be arranged abreast contour line, and so they make the amount of cutting and banking decreased so as to take the maximum advantage of the configuration of the field. (3) In design, the main principles of dividing blocks were written below; i) First of all, long side of a block should be drawn straight abreast a contour line. ii) Long side of a block should arrange abreast contour line and make its length 100-150m, if not, l)reak the side in order to make a bended rectangle. iii) Length of a short side should be determinded within differences of elevation (0.6 -1. 2m) between the two adjacent blocks toward the normal to a contour line. iv) Length of a short side should be above 15m and the ratio of long and short side should be slso kept 1: (4-6). v) A new field surface leveling was determinded from the elevation which produce the least amount of cuttingand banking within the range of 0.6-1. 2m diffe rences of elevation between the two adjacent blocks. vi) In the course of dividing blocks with the same width along the line which was normal to a contour line, all blocks connot keep their shape in a retangle because of steep slope of the field and so on, and so it was also necessory to make some non-retanglar and small blocks such as a trianglar or trapezoidal shape, which was impossible to use some of farm machinery. But because this non-rectanglar and small blocks were divided, larger and many rectanglar blocks can be divided and construction cost can also be lowered. According to the conditions discussed above, the paddy field consolidation project designed and constructed. And the results of this study were obtained as below; (1) Three-forth of total cost of this paddy field consolidation was not construction cost, and these cost consist of land grading (1/4), road and canal construction cost (1/4) and the other cost (1/4) such as surveying or materials and 56 on. (2) The steeper the land slope, the greater cost was assigned for road and canal construction, and than land grading. (3) Curtailment of the road and canal construction cost depended on simplificating their strutures. (4) In the case of the land slopes were low, the land grading cost was high by 1: 1.4 in comparison with the road and canal construction cost, and conversely when the slops were steep, the road and canal construction cost was high by 1 : 5 in compa- rison with the land grading cost. (5) The densities of irrigation canal, drainage canal and trunk and branch road were 150. Sm/ha, 60. im/ha and 17. 4m/ha respectively. The density of irrigation canal of the area was high by 2 times in comparison with the average one of Kangweon Province, and the others were nearly the same. (6) Most farmers (above 85%) knew the effects of paddy field consolidation. The effects are; 1) Improvement of irrigation 2) Improvement of farm management 3) Improvement of transportarion 4) farm mechanization and 5) grouping of the scattered land. And the more farm modernization was accomplished by these projects, the more farmers wanted to live in their land. (7) In spite of the very steep sloped paddy field, the diminution rate of the net farm land caused by consolidation was 7.7% which was nearly the same as the one of Chulweon plain of Kangweon province. Land grading cost was 971, OOOwon/ha which was rather cheap by 13.2% than the one of Ghulweon plain, and unit construction cost was 5, 341, OOOwon/ha (included soil addition) which was also nearly the same as the one of Chulweon plain and FNFIA (The federation of national farmland improvement association).