• 에너지공학
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.124-130
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 정적연소실을 이용하여 차량용 대체연료로써 메탄 및 수소첨가 메탄의 연소특성을 수소첨가율, 점화위치 및 점화방법에 따라 고찰하였다. 그 결과 연소효율, 최고연소압력 등과 같은 연소특성을 악화시키지 않고 희박 혼합기 조건하에서도 MSCDI 장치 사용에 의해 전 연소시간과 NO 농도를 저감시킬 수 있었다. 또한, 수소를 천연가스의 주 성분인 메탄에 혼합함에 따라 전 연소시간은 순수 메탄만을 사용할 때에 비해 단축되었으며, 이와 동시에 연소촉진율도 순수 메탄만을 사용하였을 때에 비해 상당히 향상되었다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.51-66
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• 1984

The cost percentage of engine part in the total building cost of a ship is about 30-40% and the main engine occupies about 50% of the engine part cost. For certain ships the fuel bill can be as high as about 60-70% of the total operating cost after two oil shocks and its amount for one year is nearly equivalent to her main engine price. This fact has further increased the pressure on the engine builders to develop engines of higher efficiency and better possibilities to burn further deteriorated fuel qualities. But the energy-saving plants are ordinarily more expensive and their available amount of exhaust gas energy is less and therefore, they are not always profitable and optimum systems. This paper is prepared to decide the most economical and efficient engine systems by presenting reasonable selecting and economical evaluation methods of the main engine, which is the largest single unit and the most expensive, and its auxiliaries. In order to demonstrate the application of investigated methods in a practical case, a 46, 000 DWT class bulk carrier is selected as a model ship and her main engine and its auxiliaries are selected and evaluated. The result shows that the optimum determined has one year three months POP, 0.903 IRR at a year, 4, 116, 000 dollars PW in 15 years (for 5% escalation rate of fuel cost) and 9.522 BCR for same condition, when the engine plant of a same existing ship is taken as the basis.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 1998년도 강연회 및 연구개발 발표회 논문집
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• pp.128-135
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• 1998

Procedures and results of aerodynamic design of a centrifugal compressor are presented for development of a 40kW class turbogenerator gas turbine. Specification of higher level of total pressure ratio of 4 and total efficiency of $80\%$ requires advanced methods of design and analysis. In the meanline design/analysis, a method with conventional loss modeling and a method with the two-zone model are alternately used for more reliable prediction. In the impeller blade generation, a series of Bezier curve are combined to produce meridional contours and distributions of blade camber angle and blade thickness. Intermediate profiles of blades are repeatedly produced and changed to be finally fixed through quasi-three dimensional Euler flow analysis. Three dimensional compressible turbulent flow analysis is then performed for the impeller to be confirmed in the final step of design. Satisfactory results in the aerodynamic performance are obtained, which assures that there is no need of aerodynamic re-design.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2014

This work was investigated on pilot injection strategy of blended fuels(Diesel-DME) for combustion and emissions in a single cylinder direct injection compression ignition engine. Diesel and DME were blended by the method of weight ratio. Weight ratios for diesel and DME were 95:05 and 90:10 respectively. dSOI between main and pilot injection timing was varied. A total amount of injected fuels(single injection) was adjusted to obtain the fixed BMEP as 4.2 bar in order to compare with the fuel conditions. Also, the amount of pilot injection fuel was varied by 5%, 10% and 20% of total injection fuel. The engine was equipped with common rail and injection pressure is 700 bar at 1200 rpm. As a result, when mixing ratio increase, indicated thermal efficiency was increased in comparison with DD 100 and CO, THC and smoke were lower than DD 100. The influence of reducing NOx by pilot injection was more effective than DD 100. When pilot injection quantity increase, abrupt increase of NOx was occured at pilot injection quantity of 20%.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2004년도 제22회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.34-40
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• 2004

Two different type scramjet models with side-wall compression and top-wall compression inlets have been tested in HPTF (Hypersonic Propulsion Test Facility) under the experimental conditions of Mach number 5.8, total temperature 1700K, total pressure 4.5㎫ and mass flow rate 3.5kg/s. The liquid kerosene was used as main fuel for the scramjets. In order to get fast ignition in the combustor, a small amount of hydrogen was used as a pilot. A strut with alternative tail was employed for increasing the compression ratio and for mixing enhancement in the side-wall compression case. Recessed cavities were used as a flameholder for combustion stability. The combustion efficiency was estimated by one dimensional theory. The uniformity of the facility nozzle flow was verified by a scanning pitot rake. The experimental results showed that the kerosene fuel was successfully ignited and stable combustion was achieved for both scramjet models. However the thrusts were still less than the model drags due to the low combustion efficiencies.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.26-34
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• 2009

터빈 익렬 내에서 발생하는 2차유동손실은 터빈 동익 또는 정익렬에서 전체 공기역학적 손실의 30~50%차지하며, 터빈 효율 향상에 있어 개선해야 될 중요한 부분으로 인식되고 있으며, 과거부터 2차유동에 의한 손실을 줄이기 위한 많은 연구들이 수행되었다. 본 논문에서는 2차유동손실을 일으키는 요인 중의 하나인 말굽와류의 강도를 감쇄시키기 위해 일반적인 날개 앞전에 모서리 홈을 설치하였으며, 설치 홈의 높이 및 깊이 등의 형상 변수를 변화시켜가면서 말굽와류의 발생 영역 및 강도의 감쇄 특성 및 구조에 대해 상용코드인 $FLUENT^{TM}$를 이용하여 수치해석적인 방법으로 연구하였다. 그리고 최상의 경우, 기준 모델의 경우보다 전압력 손실이 약 1.55% 감소함을 발견하였다.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제25권6_3호
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• pp.1247-1260
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• 2022

The steel industry accounts for about 5% of the total annual global energy consumption and more than 6% of the total anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. Therefore, there is a need to increase energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions in these industries. The utilization of coke oven gas, a byproduct of the coke plant, is one of the main ways to achieve this goal. Coke oven gas used as a fuel in many steelmaking process is a hydrogen-rich gas with high energy potential, but it is commonly used as a heat source and is even released directly into the air after combustion reactions. In order to solve such resource waste and energy inefficiency, several alternatives have recently been proposed, such as separating and refining hydrogen directly from coke oven gas or converting it to syngas. Therefore, in this study, recent research trends on the separation and purification of hydrogen from coke oven gas and the production of syngas were introduced.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.2109-2124
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• 1991

본 연구에서는 축류 터빈의 최적 설계 계산에서 사용 용도에 따라 달리 적용 될 수 있는 특정 제한조건, 즉 유량 계수, 압력비, 출력 그리고 하중 계수를 각각 고 려하였을 경우에 최대 효율을 가지기 위한 최적 조건을 계산하고자 한다. 또한 단일 설계 변수의 민감도(sensitivity) 뿐만 아니라, 단일 민감도에서 성능에 큰 영향을 주 는 설계 변수들에 대하여 복수 민감도를 나타내어 설계 변수 및 설계 제한 조건이 축 류 터빈의 성능에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 한다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.146-150
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• 2005

오가피(Acanthopanax senticosus)로부터 영양 및 기능성 성분의 열수추출 수율을 증대시킬 수 있는 방법을 개발하기 위하여 추출 전처리 및 방법의 효과를 검토하였다. 오가피를 분쇄, 체질$(8\~20\;mesh)$하고 초음파(20 kHz), 마이크로파 (2,450 MHz) 또는 볶음$(180^{\circ}C)$ 처리를 10분 동안 실시한 후 물을 용매로 상압$(100^{\circ}C)$ 추출과 가압$(121^{\circ}C)$ 추출을 각각 2시간 동안 실시하였다. 전반적으로 전처리는 성분들의 추출수율과 유리기 소거능을 증가 시키는 경향을 보였다. 특히, 가용성 고형물, 총당 및 페놀성 물질의 추출수율은 마이크로파와 초음파에 의해, 단백질의 추출수율과 유리기 소거능은 볶음처리에 의해 더욱 증가됨을 보였다. 상압추출보다 가압추출에 의해 가용성 고형물, 총당, 단백질 및 페놀성 물질의 추출수율이 증대되는 경향을 보였다. 이로써 초음파, 마이크로파 및 볶음 전처리 및 가압추출은 오가피의 추출효율 향상에 유효한 방법인 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.28-37
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• 1987

Operation of rice whiteners has been depending on operator's experience only and very limitted data are available for operational criteria of rice whiteners in Korea. With developments of new rice varieties and with a tendency of automation of machine operations for precision control, operational criteria depending on physical characteristics of rice grains arc required for an improvement of milled rice recovery and the performance of rice whitening systems. An experimental study was conducted to identify operational criteria of a rice whitening system consisted with an abrasive-aerated whitener developed newly and a frictional-aerated whitener being used commercially. Further, comparisons were made between the performance of the rice whitening system adopted for this study and a commercial system used in small scale milling plants. Results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. Total number of passes necessary for the final white rice in the combined whitening system depended exclusively on the counter pressure level of the frictional whitener successive to the abrasive whitener. 2. The counter pressure required for whitening Japonica type rice variety (Akibare) was higher by about 1.6 times than that for Japonica type (Pung-san), when other conditions were kept at the same. 3. Radial pressure in the whitening chamber of the frictional whitener should be maintained between 1.5 to $2.1kg/cm^2$ for the completion of whitening within 5 to 3 passes regardless of rice varieties. Hence, it was found that the radial pressure in the whitening chamber could be used as an operational criteria to control the counter pressure level. 4. The following regression equation was found between radial pressure($R_p$) in whitening chamber and electric power consumption of the whitening system: $$EPC=-0.545\;R^2_p+1.277\;R_p+0.874[KWH/100kg]$$ 5. The following multiple regression equation was found among radial pressure ($R_p$), counter pressure ($C_p$), and bioyield point ($B_i$), length (L) and width (W) of brown rice. $$R_p/(B_i/W^2)=0.547\{C_p/(B_i/W^2)\}^{0.365}(L/W)^{0.120}(R^2=0.9897)$$ 6. The milled rice recovery and machine efficiency (kg/KWH) from the combined whitening system were higher by about 2.0% point and by 15 to 27% point than those from the conventional system, respectively.