• 보건행정학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.84-101
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• 1993

The current method of rate adjustment is based on the evaluation of the financial performance of hospitals. The method has the disadvantages such as too complicated, expensive process as well as low reliability due to small sample size. This study, therefore, develops a new model for the rate adjustment with the use of the composite index. In addition to that, it examines the validity of the model by comparing the result of the new method with that of the conventional method. The idea of the new model comes from the Medicare Economic Index(MEI) on which physician fees for the Medicare patients are adjusted periodically in the United States. Medical costs are classified into three groups : labor costs, materials and other expenses. Labor costs are subdivided into physicians and other personnels. Materials are subdivided into drugs and others. Other expenses are subdivided into 5 items. Macro economic indices are selected for each cost item in order to reflect the cost inflation during the specific period. Then the composite index which integrate all items according to the ration of each item in the total costs is calculated. The result from the application of empirical data to the new model is very similar to that of the current method. Furthermore, this method is very simple and also to easy to get social concensus. This model can be replaced the current method based on the analysis of the financial performance for the adjustment of medical fees.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.181-192
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• 2008

This study investigated the usefulness of Consumer Expectation Index to predict real household spending. Specifically, the forecasting impact of the index on clothing, eating-out, entertainment, education, and health consumption area was examined. The results showed that the CEI was a good indicator for the future household spending of clothing, eating-out, entertainment and total consumption but it was not true for the spending of education and health. Most of CEls were significantly correlated with household spending even when household income and CPI were controlled. The impact of CEls on household spending tended to be lagged by one or two quarters.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2023

PURPOSE: The coexistence of age-related skeletal muscle mass loss and obesity poses a substantial health risk for individuals because it combines the detrimental effects of muscle mass reduction associated with aging and the health complications from obesity. This study aimed to identify the incidence rate and key influencing elements among Korean men in their thirties. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 934 male participants was performed using complex sampling analysis. Various influencing elements were investigated, including age, height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, skeletal muscle mass index, smoking and drinking behaviors, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose levels, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels. RESULTS: The incidence rate was 2.90%. The key influencing elements were age, height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, skeletal muscle index, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol (p < .05). CONCLUSION: This study identified the incidence rate and key influencing element for CALSMO among Korean younger community-dwelling men.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.5683-5692
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• 2014

본 연구는 결혼이주여성의 한국어 능력, 건강증진행위, 건강상태 간의 상관관계를 분석하기 위해 결혼이주여성 148명을 대상으로 2013년 9월~12월까지 4개월간 자료를 수집하였다. 일반적 특성, 한국어 능력, 건강증진행위(흡연, 음주, 운동, 영양), 정서적 건강상태(스트레스, 결혼생활만족도)는 구조화된 자가 기입식 설문지를, 신체 건강상태(혈당, 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 혈색소농도, 헤마토크릿, 체질량지수)는 건강검진 결과를 활용하였다. 연구결과 유질환자와 무질환자 간에 한국어 능력 중 읽기능력, 음주습관, 총콜레스테롤, 체질량지수가 유의하게 차이가 있었다. 결혼이주여성의 한국어 능력과 건강상태간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 총콜레스테롤과 중성지방 간에 정상관관계가 있었으며, 헤모글로빈 농도와 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 체질량지수와 역상관관계가 있었다. 한국어 능력과 스트레스 간에도 역상관관계가 있었다. 이와 같은 결과를 근거로 결혼이주여성의 질병 발생률을 낮추기 위해서는 결혼이주여성의 음주율, 총콜레스테롤과 체질량 지수를 감소시킬 수 있는 프로그램과 함께 한국어로 된 건강정보 이해력을 증진시킬 수 있는 프로그램을 개발하여 실시할 것을 제안한다.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.161-176
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of health status and health behaviors on health-related quality of life in Korean adults. Methods: The study was based on the 2017 National Health and Nutrition Survey. Of the total 8,127 people, 5,780 (71.1%) participated: 2,553 (44.2%) were male and 3,227 (55.8%) were female. The variables for this study were demographic factors, disease count, subjective health status, health behaviors, and health-related quality of life (measured by the EQ-5D Index). Results: After analysis, the statistically significant factors associated with health-related quality of life were gender, age, income, education, daytime health status, number of comorbidities (6 or more) and stress. Conclusions: Seven demographic factors have been identified as having a significant impact on health-related quality of life, categorized by model, gender, age and income. Therefore, it is possible that quality of life can be improved through proactive management and by improving subjective health status and health behaviors while in considering of demographic and sociological factors by providing indicators as per gender and age.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.270-282
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• 2023

We performed a study to examine the association between diet quality and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Our study included 3,586 women aged 40-64 years who participated in the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The study subjects were classified into the NAFLD group (n=816) and the normal group (n=2,770) using the hepatic steatosis index. The anthropometric indices, blood profiles, and dietary intake data of the subjects were obtained. The waist circumference, body mass index, and the serum levels of triglycerides, fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures were higher in the NAFLD compared to the normal groups (p<0.001, respectively). The intakes of protein (g/kg body weight, p<0.001), potassium (p<0.001), and vitamin A (p=0.006) were significantly lower in the NAFLD group. It was observed that the higher the total Korean Healthy Eating Index score, the lower the risk of NAFLD. A reverse relationship was shown between the NAFLD risk and the intakes of total fruits, total vegetables, vegetables excluding Kimchi and pickled vegetables, meat, fish, eggs and beans. Therefore, it is recommended that middle-aged women in Korea increase their intakes of fruits, vegetables, and foods high in protein for the proper management of NAFLD.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.233-247
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to describe the development process of the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI) based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). SUBJECTS/METHODS: The components of KHEI were selected based on Dietary Guidelines for Koreans, domestic and overseas dietary quality indices, and results of the analysis of association with chronic diseases. The standards for scoring of KHEI were selected based on the 2015 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRI). The KHEI scores of Korean adults were calculated using a 1-day 24-h recall data in the 2013-2015 KNHANES. RESULTS: The KHEI included eight adequacy components evaluating the proper intake of recommended foods such as fruit, vegetable, and milk and three moderation components evaluating the consumption of food that limit intake such as sodium and saturated fatty acid. In addition, three balance components assessing the balance of energy intake were included. The KHEI score was defined to range from the minimum of 0 point to the maximum of 100 points. Among Korean adults, the total KHEI score was 63.2 out of 100. Gender and age differences were found in the average of total KHEI scores. Women showed higher score than men (61.7 in men and 64.7 in women, respectively). By age group, 20s and 30s showed the lowest scores with 57.4 and 61.1 respectively, and the scores increased with age by peaking at 67.8 in ages 60-69 and slowed down again in ages 70 or over. CONCLUSIONS: The KHEI can be useful for establishing and assessing national nutritional policies and in epidemiological studies to assess the relationship between overall dietary quality and chronic diseases. KHEI will need to be continuously updated to reflect changes in dietary guidelines and the KDRI.

• 항공우주의학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2021

Background: Obesity is a major public health problem that is causally related to serious medical conditions. In this study, the public health implications of obesity based on body mass index (BMI) with anthropometric measures among adults in the Republic of Korea and Japan in 2019 were compared. Methods: A simple cross-section, nationally representative of the raw data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2019 between Korea and Japan were used. We analyzed the data of those categorized as obese with a BMI of ≥25 kg/m² according to the World Health Organization Expert Consultation. Results: The average values of BMI based on body height and body weight among males and females in Korea were 24.6±0.08 and 23.3±0.09, respectively; those in Japan were 23.9±0.08 and 22.6±0.08, respectively. The measured anthropometric values were obviously higher in Korean than in Japan (P<0.01). The prevalence rates (PRs) of obesity by sex in Korea were 41.4% among males and 27.3% females; those in Japan were 32.5% among males and 22.0% among females. The statistically significant results showed that the total obesity rate was higher in males than in females in both countries (P<0.01). The PRs of obesity in Korea were 41.4% in males and 27.3% in females; those in Japan were 32.5% in males and 22.0% in females. The statistically significantly PR of total obesity among Korean adults was greater than that among Japanese adults (P<0.01). Conclusion: The PR of obesity in Korea relative to that in Japan showed a gradually increasing trend. Obesity is a major problem, especially in the pilot group. Reducing the prevalence of obesity among pilots is important for reducing in-flight medical incapacitation and ensuring flight safety. Obesity management is necessary to prevent obesity-related diseases and promote pilot health.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.279-291
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• 2008

This survey is to increase the quality of life by improved oral health. Total 572 Youngnam area residence joined the survey and answered for the subjects of general aspect & health activity, self-determined oral health status, oral health knowledge, oral health activity, food behavior, OHIP-14,THI, QOL. Survey was analyzed by SPSS (Ver. 12.0). Result of the study is summarized as follows; 1. Among total 572 residents, women were 58% and 20~29 aged were 35.5%, highest. In academic background, High school graduated were 59.6%. In average monthly income view, Lower than 1.5 million KRW was 43.5%, 49.3% replied drinks 1~3 times a month. No smoking group was 73.1%. No exercise group was 35.5% and every day exercise group was 11.4%. In self evaluating about oral health status question 40.4%(231) replied as bad, which was highest. 2. Women have higher score about oral health knowledge. Woman and Every day exercise group have better score about oral health practice. Man, 40~49 aged, more than 2.51 million KRW avg' income, every day exercise groups has good score about diet related question. 3. OHIP-14 has lower score as age is older, as more income. THI shows higher score from woman, 20~29, more income group and QOL has higher score from more than college educated, every day exercise groups. 4. Similar correlation indexes on QOL are OHIP-14, diet, oral health knowledge, oral health practice listed in order of effect size. Self-determined oral health index is important to improve quality of life along with health activity, especially oral health recognition index is different depends on age and monthly income that addresses it is necessary to deliver training with carefully designed oral health training program development.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.47-58
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• 1995

This study was performed to test the validity and reliability of the Health Self-Determinism Index for Children(HSDI-C), an instrument designed to measure dimensions and strength of motivation in health behavior, to improve the applicability of the tool through application to the various samples. The convenient sample of 148 (boys=75, girls=72 third grade=42, fourth grade=22, fifth grade=32, sixth grade=52 : Caucasian=72, Asian=30, African=19) comprised the children at a chatholic elementary school in Chicago. The children completed English version of HSDI-C from December 5th, 1994 to January l0th, 1995. The findings were as follows : 1. Four factors of HSDI-C were isolated through the principal component analysis and oblique rotation, and explained 48% of the variance in total score. Low correlations among four factors were anticipated because each factor contributed uniquely, All items of the tool loaded above .30 on one of 4 factors. But items loaded on each factor in this study were very different from those in the previous studies. 2. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal consistency was .81 for the total items and .57∼ .81 for 4 subscales. 3. The differences of HSDI-c mean scores between boys and girls and that of among races were not statistically signifcant, but the mean score of girls and the Caucasian were relatively high. The total mean score of the scale was highest at the 3rd grade, decreased at the 4th or 5th grade, and reincreased at the 6th grade. The trend of mean score of four subscales was similar to that of total mean score. According to the results, suggested below : 1. The items loaded on each factor in this study were very different from those in the previous studies. To clear away the problem of the conceptual confusion, HSDI-C needs to be performed to various and large samples. 2. Unexpectedly, the HSDI-C mean score decreased at middle school age. A longitudinal study will be helpful to search for the change trend of the intrinsic motivation. 3. To improve the applicabilty of the HSDI-C, various reliability and validity test methods besides factor analysis or internal consistency are recommended.