• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.76-89
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• 2006

By improving body composition, such as fat, lean body mass and total body weight, an exercise program can be an effective treatment of obesity. The effects of exercise on obesity have been confirmed via various approaches such as type, intensity, duration, frequency, and combination with diet. Combined exercise and diet is the most efficient strategy for weight loss, and exercise alone could improve metabolism irrespective of weight loss. In addition, physical activity, including exercise, is emphasized to avoid a 'yo-yo' phenomenon. Exercise increases lipolysis stimulated by such factors as catecholamine, growth hormone (GH), and hormone sensitive lipase (HSL). Moreover, changes in insulin and cortisol through exercise affect adipose tissue, which is known as not only an energy storage locale, but also as an endocrine organ. Adipocytokines secreted by adipose tissue respond to signals that modulate metabolism and inflammation. Exercise has generally shown positive effects on adipocytokines, and these effects increase in conjunction with a hypocaloric diet. However, a long duration and a high intensity of exercise could induce an inflammatory response. This review summarizes the effects of exercise on obesity treatment, which contributes to the exercise and nutritional fields, particularly of community nutritionists. (J Community Nutrition 8(2): 76-89, 2006)

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.11-19
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• 2023

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the incidence of sarcopenic obesity (SO) and examined the specific risk factors in a community-dwelling middle-aged population of women. METHODS: The present study involved analyzing data from a cross-sectional study that included 1,693 community-dwelling women aged between 40 and 49 years. Various risk factors were investigated, including age, height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, skeletal muscle mass index, smoking and drinking behaviors, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose levels, as well as triglyceride and cholesterol levels. To ensure the accuracy and validity of the results, a complex sampling technique was employed for data analysis. Each sample weight was calculated through a three-step process by estimating base weight, adjusting it for non-response, and modulating it for post-stratification. RESULTS: The incidence of SO was 4.26% (95% CI: 3.20-5.67%). The clinical risk factors for SO were age, height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, skeletal muscle mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and levels of fasting glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol (p < .05). CONCLUSION: This study explores the prevalence and risk factors of SO among community-dwelling women. It adds to the existing literature on SO and identifies potential risk factors in middle-aged women.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.sup3
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• pp.287-291
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• 2016

Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological cancers in Iranian women. This study was initiated to assess whether the combination of paclitaxel and cisplatin with radiation might feasible for these patients. The aim was to assess tumor response and toxicity of weekly cisplatin and paclitaxel along with radiotherapy in the treatment of cervical cancer. Women with primary untreated squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix with FIGO stages IB2 to IIIB were treated with weekly injections of cisplatin 30 mg/m2 and paclitaxel 35 mg/m2 for 5-6 weeks along with radiotherapy. A total of 25 patients were enrolled in this study who completed the intended treatment. Disease was assessed prior to treatment by pelvic examination and contrast enhanced MRI of the abdomen and pelvis. Response was assessed 1 month after completion of treatment by physical examination and 3 months after also by MRI.Toxicity was assessed and was graded using RTOG grading. There was a complete response rate of 84% after 3 months. The major toxicity was grade 1 and 2 anemia (92%). The mean duration of treatment was 58 days. In conclusion, combination chemotherapy with cisplatin and paclitaxel along with radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of cervixwas well tolerated, in contrast to other studies, but it seems that there was no increase in tumor response and progression free survival with this treatment regimen.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.208-220
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of neurofeedback training for reducing stress and enhancing self-regulation in late adolescence to identify the possibility of use for nursing intervention. Methods: A nonequivalent control group pre-post quasi-experimental design was used. Participants were 78 late adolescents assigned to the experimental group (n=39) that received the neurofeedback training and the control group (n=39). Data were collected on heart rate variability (HRV) and skin conductance level (SCL) to assess stress-biomarker response. The questionnaire contained 164 items from: Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) and Self-regulatory Ability scale. The neurofeedback training was based on the general adaptation syndrome and body-mind medicine. The intervention was conducted in a total of 10 sessions for 30 minutes per session with high-beta, theta and sensory motor rhythm training on scalp at central zero. Results: There were significant difference in standard deviation of normal to normal interval (p=.036) in HRV and SCL (p=.029) of stress-biomarker response between the two groups. Negative affect (p=.036) in PANAS and obsessive compulsive (p=.023) and depression (p<.001) in SCL-90-R were statistically significant. Self-regulation mode (p=.004) in self-regulation ability scale showed a significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: The results indicated that the neurofeedback training is effective in stress-biomarkers, psychoemotional stress response and self-regulation. Therefore, neurofeedback training using neuroscientific approach based on brain-mind-body model can be used as an effective nursing intervention for late adolescents in clinics and communities for effective stress responses.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.108-135
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• 1996

This paper investigates the current feature of management strategy of hospitals in Korea, and examines the relationships between adoption of a particular strategic orientation and the hospitals environmental and organizational characteristics, strategic behaviors and management improvement activities, and financial performance. Data were collected from CEOs of 88 hospitals among 650 hospitals for a 13.5% response rate using the self-administered questionnaire by mail survey. The major findings that obtained are as follows: 1. Only 37.2% of response hospitals carried out strategic planning, Most of these hospitals established the first strategic planning in 1991(81.3%) and renovated strategic planning by 4 or 5 years(56.3%), and modified strategic planning with flexibility(59.4%). Most strategic plans were documented, but informalized(68.8%). And only 29.0% of these hospitals had independent planning division. 2. Hospital services that CEOs assessed rank ordered for their impact on profitability are as follows: i)diagnostic ultrasound facility, computerized tomography scanner, obstetric inpatient unit, therapeutic X-ray, and physical therapy at present. ii)diagnostic ultrasound facility, physical therapy, computerized tomography scanner, emergency department, and health screening at future. And the services rank ordered that CEOs hoped to introduce are as follows: emergency department, physical therapy, health screening, volunteer services, and computerized tomography scanner. 3. Using a typology developed by Miles and Snow(l978), the strategic orientation of response hospitals are shifting significantly from defenders in the past to analyzers in the present, and to prospectors in the future(p<.01). 4. With regard to hospital environmental and organizational characteristics such as ownership, physician training, location, bed size, and hospital management training career and specialty of CEOs, the four strategic orientation archetypes varied not significantly. But, hospitals with a analyser orientation in the present and a reactor orientation in the future perceived competition significantly higher than the other three archetypes(p<.05). 5. The four archetypes rank ordered in terms of appling strategic behaviors and management improvement activities are as follows: prospector, analyzer, reactor, and defender. 6. The four archetypes differed significantly in terms of their financial performance using revenue per bed(p<.05). Reactors and prospectors in terms of total revenue per bed, prospectors in terms of outpatient revenue per bed, and reactors and prospectors in terms of inpatient revenue per bed had the best performance.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.538-548
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• 1995

Exercises are achievement oriented, the process is frequently perceived as hard and difficult Participants drop out from exercise programs in the middle of the training period. Dance movement, which is the deliberate and systematic use of movement, is enjoyable during the movement and provides opportunities for persons to express them-selves. Regular long term dance movement may in-duce a training effect with a decreased drop out rate. Dance movement could be one way to attain wellness, however, there have been few studies to evaluate both physiological and psychological aspects of dance movement. This study focused on evaluating the effects of dance movement training on body weight, resting blood pressure and heart rate, limb circumference and strength, stress response and subjective feelings. This quasi-experimental study was designed as a nonequivalent control group pre test -post test study. Ten healthy fe-male subjects, aged between 19 and 31 years volunteered for an eight week dance movement program. Ten healthy female subjects, between 19 and 21 years of age paticipated as controls. None of the subjects had performed regular physical activity for six months prior to the study. Dance movement was created with reference to Heber's movement guide. The Dance movement program consisted of approximately 30 minutes of dance, three days per week, for eight weeks. During each 30 minute work out, there were approximately 5 minutes of warm-up dancing, 20 minutes of conditioning dance and 5 minutes of cool-down dancing. The intensity for the conditioning phase was at between 60% and 65% of age-adjusted maximum heart rates. Body weight, resting blood pressure and heart rate, circumference of mid upper arm, mid thigh and mid calf, muscle strength of upper and lower limb, physical and psychological response to stress were measured prior to, and following the experimental treatment. Body weight was measured by digital weight scale(Kyung In Corp., Korea). Resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured by sphygmomanometer, Resting heart rate was measured for one minute in a relaxed sitting position using the radial artery. Circumference of mid upper arm, mid thigh and mid calf was determined by tape measure. Muscle strength of the upper extremities was measured by a grip dynamometer (Takei Corp. No.1857, Japan) and that of the extremities was measured by the length of time the leg could be held at 45° Physical and psychological responses to stress were measured using the Symptoms of Stress (SOS)Scale. Paticipants in the dance movement were interviewed by the facilitator following the eight weeks, and their thematic responses about the dance movement were recorded. Following the eight week dance movement train-ing, body weight decreased significantly, circumference of mid thigh and mid calf increased. The length of time leg - raising could be held tended to increase following the dance movement training. Resting systolic and resting heart rate showed a tendency to decrease. Total mean score of stress response tended to de-crease, and mean score of habitual patterns, do-pression, anxiety / fear, anger and cognitive disorganization decreased remarkably following the eight week dance movement. Thematic responses about the dance movement were positive following the training.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.191-195
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether types of sensory-stimuli cues in terms of visual, auditory, and visuoauditory cues can be affected to motor sequential learning in healthy adults, using serial reaction time task. Methods: Twenty four healthy subjects participated in this study, who were randomly allocated into three groups, in terms of visual-stimuli (VS) group, auditory-stimuli (AS) group, and visuoauditory-stimuli (VAS) group. In SRT task, eight Arabic numbers were adopted as presentational stimulus, which were composed of three different types of presentational modules, in terms of visual, auditory, and visuoauditory stimuli. On an experiment, all subjects performed total 3 sessions relevant to each stimulus module with a pause of 10 minutes for training and pre-/post-tests. At the pre- and post-tests, reaction time and accuracy were calculated. Results: In reaction time, significant differences were founded in terms of between-subjects, within-subjects, and interaction effect for group ${\times}$ repeated factor. In accuracy, no significant differences were observed in between-group and interaction effect for groups ${\times}$ repeated factor. However, a significant main effect of within-subjects was observed. In addition, a significant difference was showed in comparison of differences of changes between the pre- and post-test only in the reaction time among three groups. Conclusion: This study suggest that short-term sequential motor training on one day induced behavioral modification, such as speed and accuracy of motor response. In addition, we found that motor training using visual-stimuli cue showed better effect of motor skill acquisition, compared to auditory and visuoauditory-stimuli cues.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.245-253
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• 2011

Purpose: The aim of this in vitro study was to estimate surface characteristic after peptide coating and investigate biological response of human mesenchymal stem cell to anodized titanium discs coated with RGD peptide by physical adhesion and chemical fixation. Materials and methods: Fluorescence isothiocyanate (FITC) modified RGD-peptide was coated on the anodized titanium discs (diameter 12 mm, height 3 mm) using two methods. One was physical adhesion method and the other was chemical fixation method. Physical adhesion was performed by dip and dry procedure, chemical fixation was performed by covalent bond via silanization. In this study, human mesenchymal stem cell was used for experiments. The experiments consisted of surface characteristic evaluation after peptide coating, analysis about cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization. Obtained data are statistically treated using Kruskal-Wallis test and Bonferroni test was performed as post hoc test (P=.05). Results: The evaluation of FE-SEM images revealed no diffenrence at micro-surfaces between each groups. Total coating dose was higher at physical adhesion experimental group than at chemical fixation experimental group. In cell adhesion and proliferation, RGD peptide coating did not show a statistical significance compared with control group (P>.05). In cell differentiation and mineralization, physical adhesion method displayed significantly increased levels compared with control group and chemical fixation method (P<.05). Conclusion: RGD peptide coating seems to enhance osseointegration by effects on the response of human mesenchymal stem cell. Especially physical adhesion method showed more effective than chemical fixation method on response of human mesenchymal stem cell.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.12-19
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• 2023

The armature core is a part responsible for the skeleton of the steering wheel. Currently, in the case of commercial trucks, the main parts of the parts are manufactured separately and then the product is produced through welding. In the case of this production method, quality and cost problems of the welded parts occur, and an integrated armature core made of magnesium alloy is used in passenger vehicles. However, in the case of commercial trucks, there is no application case and research is insufficient. Therefore, this study aims to develop an all-in-one armature core that simultaneously applies a magnesium alloy material and a die casting method to reduce the weight and improve the quality of the existing steel armature core. The product was modeled based on the shape of a commercial product, and finite element analysis (FEA) was performed through Ls-dyna, a general-purpose analysis program. Through digital image correlation (DIC) and uniaxial tensile test, the accurate physical properties of the material were obtained and applied to the analysis. A total of four types of compression were applied by changing the angle and ground contact area of the product according to the actual reliability test conditions. analysis was carried out. As a result of FEA, it was confirmed that damage occurred in the spoke area, and spoke thickness (t_spoke), base thickness (t_base), and rim and spoke connection (R) were designated as design variables, and the total weight and maximum equivalent stress occurring in the armature core We specify an objective function that simultaneously minimizes . A prediction function was derived using the sequential response surface method to identify design variables that minimized the objective function, and it was confirmed that it was improved by 22%.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.73-90
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to find the general trends of college students'dating violence and coping behavior, to examine the difference among dating violence and coping behavior according to individual variables and relational variables, and to analyze the effects of these variables influencing coping behavior. The major findings were as follow; First, 99.1% of respondents reported that they had experienced violence at least once. The score of violence offense and violence victimization was lower than median. But male students' sexual violence was significantly higher than females'. Second, total score of coping behavior was lower than median. The score of female students positive coping was significantly higher than males, and that of mate students' avoidance coping was significantly higher than females. Third, the violence style varied with sex, altitude toward violence, anti-communication, and conflict. etc. Fourth, the positive coping behavior varied with victim response and victimization of physical violence. etc. The avoidance coping behavior varied with sex, age, grade, sex-role attitude, and partner's sexual violence. etc. ruth, the positive coping behavior was influenced by sex, partner's psychological violence, conflict, anti-communication. etc. The avoidance coping behavior was influenced by sex and grade.