• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.25
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• pp.229-235
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• 2000

Although Frank Lloyd Wright represents himself as one of the greatest American master architect, the master architects contribution towards the advancement in the modern history of architecture goes beyond just creating landmark buildings. Through out his life, he was the leading architect not only in the area or architectural design but showed his talent in interior architecture, furniture, fabric, lighting fixture, art glasses, tablewares, silver wares as well as in graphic design which should cover all the elements related to the "total design" in architecture. As seen in his architectural design, the "total design" concept also reflects both beauty and logic of the nature and strengthens his theory of the organic architecture design. The research began with finding out the relationship between his architecture, nature and the supporting design elements mentioned above. the purpose of the research is to analyze the relationship of the spatial organization and the design elements in Frank Lloyd Wrights architectural works from the point of "total design" view and provide the valuable guide line for the development of the modern interior design. His design theory, based on the fundamental ideas of the nature, his organic architecture design, and reference materials to support total design concept will be discussed on chapter 2. And on chapter 3, application of the total design in his actual project will be analyzed. The data and analyzation have been completed based on written references and actual visit to the project sites. Frank Lloyd Wright placed highest value on the human beings and enjoyed presenting new ideas and forms to create better environment for the humans through his architecture and interior design projects. While he was presenting new ideas he continued to support design for democracy which has close relationship to the new frontier spirit of America. He was the master architect for the general society with accurate understanding of the life style of the public with design sensitivity shown in his concept of the total design.s concept of the total design.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2010

This paper presents a procedure for the design optimization of a centrifugal compressor. The centrifugal compressor consists of a centrifugal impeller, vaneless diffuser and volute. And, optimization techniques based on the radial basis neural network method are used to optimize the impeller of a centrifugal compressor. The Latin-hypercube sampling of design-of-experiments is used to generate the thirty design points within design spaces. Three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations with the shear stress transport turbulence model are discretized by using finite volume approximations and solved on hexahedral grids to evaluate the objective function of the total-to-total pressure ratio. Four variables defining the impeller hub and shroud contours are selected as design variables in this optimization. The results of optimization show that the total-to-total pressure ratio of the optimized shape at the design flow coefficient is enhanced by 2.46% and the total-to-total pressure ratios at the off-design points are also improved significantly by the design optimization.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.3357-3368
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• 1994

Total pressure losses required to calculate the total-to-total efficiency are estimated by integrating empirical loss coefficients of four loss mechanisms along the mean-line of blades as follows; blade profile loss, secondary flow loss, end wall loss and tip clearance loss. The off-design points are obtained on the basis of Howell's off-design performance of a compressor cascade. Also, inlet-outlet air angles and camber angle are obtained from semi-empirical relations of transonic airfoils' minimum loss incidence and deviation angles. And nominal point is replaced by the design point. It is concluded that relatively simple loss models and Howell's off-design data permit us to calculate the off-design performance with satisfactory accuracy. And this method can be easily extended for off-design performance prediction of multi-stage compressors.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2008.03a
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• pp.130-135
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• 2008

An aerodynamic optimization design process of multistage axial turbine is presented in this article: first, applying quasi-three dimensional(Q3D) design methods to conduct preliminary design and then adopting modern optimization design methods to implement multistage local optimization. Quasi-three dimensional(Q3D) design methods, which mainly refer to S2 flow surface direct problem calculation, adopt the S2 flow surface direct problem calculation program of Harbin Institute of Technology. Multistage local optimization adopts the software of Numeca/Design3D, which jointly adopts genetic algorithm and artificial neural network. The major principle of the methodology is that the successive design evaluation is performed by using an artificial neural network instead of a flow solver and the genetic algorithms may be used in an efficient way. Flow computation applies three-dimensional viscosity Navier Stokes(N-S) equation solver. Such optimization process has three features: (i) local optimization based on aerodynamic performance of every cascade; (ii) several times of optimizations being performed to every cascade; and (iii) alternate use of coarse grid and fine grid. Such process was applied to optimize a three-stage axial turbine. During the optimization, blade shape and meridional channel were respectively optimized. Through optimization, the total efficiency increased 1.3% and total power increased 2.4% while total flow rate only slightly changed. Therefore, the total performance was improved and the design objective was achieved. The preliminary design makes use of quasi-three dimensional(Q3D) design methods to achieve most reasonable parameter distribution so as to preliminarily enhance total performance. Then total performance will be further improved by adopting multistage local optimization design. Thus the design objective will be successfully achieved without huge expenditure of manpower and calculation time. Therefore, such optimization design process may be efficiently applied to the aerodynamic design optimization of multistage axial turbine.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.125-139
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• 2004

The present study was to analyze the trend of registration of design rights in apparel products and tc point out problems of current protection law to design. The research data was total 1,850 design rights in apparel that have been registered to the Korean Patent and Trademark Office from the first design registered in March 1, 1963 through those registered in April 24, 2003. All design rights were analyzed by the year, by the type of product, and by the type of applicant. And also design rights registered under the revised design registration system(without examination) were analyzed by the trait. The results of the study were as follows: (1) Sweater & polo shirts, underpants, and the Korean traditional dress were three major single categories registered in apparel : (2) 54.3% of total design rights in apparel was registered since the legal system of design rights has been revised in March 1, 1998 : (3) Registration by individual applicant were 71.7% of total; (4) About 60% of total design rights were for aesthetic, but in some categories such as vest. brassiere, undershirts, designs for function were more frequently registered than others. And total 68 design rights for the symbol of the organization or uniform, were registered in upper outerwear and pants : (5) As problems of the current legal protection system for designs, the term of “design”(expressed in Korean), double registration of similar designs, malicious intention to register other's trademark as his/her own design. The current legal system for design rights were more used for the product that has relatively long life cycle. And the revised law has been effective in encouraging the registration of design rights. However. the current design law still has some problems to be revised to prevent design rights or trademark infringement.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.148-149
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• 2003

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.140-147
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• 2010

The objectives of this study are, first to define the concept of restaurant total coordination and establish its components as a design strategy for planning and managing all elements comprising a restaurant, and second, to survey the total coordination of Japanese restaurants in foreign countries and examine how traditionality, which is an element for globalizing Japanese restaurants, is expressed. This study was conducted through literature review for defining the concept of restaurant total coordination and extracting its components and a field survey for analyzing the current state of restaurant total coordination and traditionality expression methods. The results of this study are as follows. First, Japanese restaurants categorized into Type A with relatively high traditionality expression(3.3 or higher) were 25% of the surveyed restaurants. These restaurants showed the traditional characteristics of Japanese style as they are without contemporary adaptation for all components of restaurant. Second, 41.7% of the restaurants were categorized into Type B with traditionality expression between 1.7 and 3.3. They were mostly popular casual restaurants at which people can enjoy Japanese food comfortably. In visual and spatial design elements, traditional and contemporary styles appeared in the equal percentage, and decoration, table setting and food design were styled according to Japanese traditions. Third, 4 cases(33.3%) were categorized into Type C with traditionality expression below 1.7. Because they were fine dining restaurants that sold high priced dishes, formality and consistency were also high. Through all design elements including visual, spatial, table setting and food design elements, elegant and simple contemporary images were dominant. The results of this study will be used as basic materials to establish the concept of total coordination that views the visual, spatial, table setting and food design elements comprising a restaurant, which were approached separately in previous studies on restaurants, together from the viewpoint of integrative deigns, and to make design strategies for globalizing Korean restaurants based on Japanese restaurant cases.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.295-298
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• 2008

The value of space is changing with change of modern society value. In this change, there is consistent subject about 'public'. So, design studies of public space for indoor and outdoor space are being carried out. Also, the concept of total design for space is a essential element and substance plan about space design and marketing is accomplished based on the total design. Now days, multiplex cultural space which have the concept of public and total design is increasing interest. Therefore, a case of multiplex cultural space, a purpose of this paper is elements investigate which design elements in public space of indoor and outdoor how it have been connecting fundamental design elements.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.49-56
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is to construct a total design & manufacturing system for the Space-Truss structure. In this study, we choose the transmission tower as the study model to show the possibility of a Total System for another space truss structure. We are confident that this total system should provide more convenience, accuracy and should help to save time from the design stage to construct stage of the transmission tower.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06b
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• pp.533-539
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• 2001

In this research, design Sensitivity Analysis is presented for commercial vehicle such as large scale structural system. The proposed method is based on vibration analysis of the total structure and design sensitivity to identify the contribution factor of the component structure to the total system structure. In addition, approximated equations derived from response surface method are used for representative section properties of the thin walled beams.