• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.796-803
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• 2002

T-shaped walls have different strength, stiffness and ductility in the two opposite directions parallel to the web when subjected to horizontal in-plane loads. When the flange is in tension, the extent that the flange reinforcement contributes to the flexural strength will be subjected to shear-lag effect. Because of this shear-lag effect, the flange may not participate fully in the action with the web, and the effective flange width is needed for predicting the actual strength and stiffness of structures. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the effective flange width and actual strength of the T-shaped wall with Korean code specified detailing of the wall web. Three specimens were tested with cyclic lateral loading applied at top of the wall. A constant axial load of approximately 0.1f$\_$ck/$.$A$\_$g/ is maintained during the testing. Test results show that the effective flange width increases with increasing drift level, such that the entire overhanging flange of h/3 is effective at the maximum strength level. Therefore, the use of PCI or KBC(Korean Building Code) value of h/10 is unconservative with respect to detailing at the wall web boundary.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.841-846
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is promote perfect of construction and progress of packing ability through comparison and analysis with quality, as placing ways and placing direction are changed. Kinds of concrete are general, high fluidity, and high performance concrete. Classified with concrete as placing ways - direct ways, sheath way - and placing directing - flange direction, web direction - is analyzed section and strength of hardened concrete. The results of this study is belows the more fluid of concrete, the more useful to top-down method.

• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.03a
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• pp.200-207
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• 2003

The seismic behaviors of steel moment connections are investigated based on the numerical analysis of the connections with US and Japanese typical details. The rupture index, representing the fracture potential, is used to evaluate the ductility of the connections at the critical location. The results show that the presence of a slab increases the beam strength, imposes constraint near the beam top flange, and consequently, induces concentrated deformation near the beam access hall, which reduces the ductility of the connection. The total deformation capacity of the connection depends not only on a beam but also on a column and panel zone.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.476-487
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• 1997

To resolve several arguments raised for the current analysis of a structure like top hat, which is composed of flange, cylinder and plate, the dynamic response analysis is performed for the full and half models. The dynamic characteristics are investigated for full and half models and the results are compared between them. The responses such as bolt reactions and stresses due to random loading are also obtained using the analysis capabilities between commercial programs which have the routine for the random vibration analysis. Several general purpose structural analysis programs are used to get the response due to the random loadings. Also the application of the random loading and the effect of correlations such as fully correlated, partially correlated and fully uncorrelated cases are studied and the general directions for the generation of design loads due to random loading are suggested.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1996.05d
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• pp.223-228
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• 1996

To resolve several arguments raised for the current analysis of a structure like top hat, which is composed of flange, cylinder and plate, the dynamic response analysis is performed for the full and half models. The dynamic characteristics are investigated for full and half models and the results are compared between them. The responses such as bolt reactions and stresses due to random loading are also obtained using the analysis capabilities between commercial programs which have the routine for the random vibration analysis. Several general purpose structural analysis programs are used to get the response due to the random loadings. Also the application of the random loading and the effect of correlations are studied and the general directions for the generation of design load due to random loading are suggested.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2019

For manufacturing upper housing product of mechanical control valve, the progressive drawing process was conducted experimental. Then, the center of the product was cut to measure the thickness of the product. As a result, the following conclusions were obtained. By means of a stand-alone pad provided with sufficient pressure, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of wrinkles in the die pad product of the drawing process. As a result of the experiment, it was considered that the flange bottom of the product and the lower edge of the product are made thick in thickness, the top edge and the top surface are thin. It is considered that this is due to the size and roughness of the entrance edge radius of the die in the drawing process, and the inflow of the material by the die pad.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.1015-1024
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• 2015

An experiment of composite beam was performed which utilized glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) plank as the permanent formwork with cast-in-place high strength concrete. This research analyzed the flexural failure behavior of composite beam by setting the sand coated at GFRP bottom surface, the perforation and interval of the GFRP plank web, and the width of the top flange as the experimental variables. As a result of the experiments for effectiveness of sand attachment in case of not perforated web, approximately 43% higher ultimate load value was obtained when the sand was coated than not coated case. For effectiveness of perforation and interval of gap, approximately 23% higher maximum load value was seen when interval of the perforation gap was 3 times and the fine aggregate was not coated, and approximately 11% higher value was observed when the perforation gap was 5 times on the coated specimen. For effectiveness of top flange breadth, the ultimate load value was approximately 12% higher in case of 20mm than 40mm width.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.99-106
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• 2014

In order to study the reasonable design thermal loads, the steel box girder bridge specimen which have no concrete slab was manufactured with the real size dimension. The temperature data were measured for 5 month at the 18 thermo gauges which were attached according to height. The temperature differences between the top and bottom flange in steel box girder specimen were calculated and the temperature gradient models were proposed by the probabilistic method. This proposed model showed a correlation of approximately 97% when compared with the similar model of Euro Code. Thus, the temperature gradient models which were suggested in this study may be used as the basis data in calculating the design load temperature.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.251-259
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• 2006

In some cases, wooden structures are used for medium-rise buildings. It is therefore necessary to develop and test a new structural system for medium-rise buildings using wooden structures. This study deals with high-performance, laminated, timber-based composite members, which consist of structural laminated timber and H-beam. Simple beam tests were performed to determine the strength, stress distributions, and failure patterns of laminated timber. The main parameters are the insertinglength (1, 1.5, and 2 times the H-beam height) and the epoxy between the top/bottom flange of the H-beam and the top/bottom flange of the laminated timber. The results of the test show that the specimen with an inserting length that is 2 times the H-beam height was characterized by fairly god strength and stiffness.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.191-201
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• 2006

New design equations for calculating the lateral-torsional buck ling moment resistances of stepped I-section beams with/without continuous lateral top-flange bracing subjected to a point load, a series of point loads, and a uniformly distributed load, are suggested based on the results of elastic finite-element analyses. The new equations presented in this study are compared with the current moment gradient modifiers presented by other researchers and specifications. Although the study paper presents mainly stepped-beam cases subjected to a point load and a uniformly distributed load. The proposed equations include the length-to-height ratio effects for stepped beams with continuous lateral top-flange bracing. The new moment gradient correction factors could be easily used to calculate the lateral-torsional buckling moment resistance of stepped I-beams.