• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.200-207
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• 2021

In case of gingival recession and alveolar bone defects due to tooth loss for a long period of time in a single tooth in the maxillary anterior region, it is not easy to obtain aesthetic results with a single implant prosthesis. For aesthetic restoration, it is important to preserve hard and soft tissues through alveolar bone augmentation as well as restore harmony with adjacent teeth and soft tissues by placing the implant in an ideal location. In this case, an implant was placed using guided bone regeneration and a connective tissue graft simultaneously with immediate implantation after extraction from the maxillary anterior region where only residual root was left for a long period of time.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2012

Purpose: In this study the bone healing ability of autogenous tooth bone graft material as a substitute material was evaluated in a mini-pig cranial defect model through histologic examinations and osteonectin reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) quantitative analysis. Materials and Methods: A defect was generated in the cranium of mini-pigs and those without a defect were used as controls. In the experimental group, teeth extracted from the mini-pig were manufactured into autogenous tooth bone graft material and grafted to the defect. The mini-pigs were sacrificed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks to histologically evaluate bone healing ability and observe the osteonectin gene expression pattern with RT-PCR. Result: At 4 weeks, the inside of the bur hole showed fibrosis and there was no sign of bone formation in the control group. On the other hand, bone formation surrounding the tooth powder granule was observed at 4 weeks in the experimental group where the bur hole was filled with tooth powder. Osteonectin gene expression; there was nearly no osteonectin expression in the control group while active osteonectin expression was observed from 4 to 12 weeks in the experimental group. Conclusion: We believe this material will show better results when applied in a clinical setting.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2016

Purpose: Alveolar bone develops with tooth eruption and is absorbed following tooth extraction. Various ridge preservation techniques have sought to prevent ridge atrophy, with no superior technique evident. Collagen has a long history as a biocompatible material. Its usefulness and safety have been amply verified. The related compound, atelocollagen, is also safe and displays reduced antigenicity since telopeptides are not present. Materials and Methods: The current study evaluated whether the $Rapiderm^{(R)}$ atelocollagen plug (Dalim Tissen, Seoul, Korea) improves tissue healing of extraction sockets and assessed the sequential pattern of bone regeneration using histology and microcomputed tomography in six beagle dogs. To assess the change of extraction socket, hard tissues were examined 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after tooth extraction. Result: The experimental groups showed better bone fill with slow remodeling process compared to the control groups although there was no statistical difference between groups. Conclusion: The atelocollagen seems to have a tendency to slow bone remodeling in the early phase of healing period and maintain remodeling capacity until late phase of remodeling. Also, use of atelocollagen increased the bone-to-tissue ratio compared to healing of untreated extraction socket.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.117-125
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• 2021

PURPSE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the labio-lingual alterations of the alveolar bone where the implant was placed immediately after tooth extraction. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Implants were placed immediately after tooth extraction on anterior alveolar ridges in the maxilla and mandible. The pinguide system was used to help determine the location and path of implants during the surgical process. The horizontal distance from implants to the outer border of alveolar bone was measured at the rim and middle of the implants in the cone beam computed tomography images. The alteration of alveolar bone was evaluated comparing the horizontal distances measured immediately after surgery and 3 months after surgery. RESULTS. The results show that more resorption occurred towards the labial bone than the lingual bone in the maxilla. A similar amount of labial and lingual bone resorption was observed in the mandible. CONCLUSION. Considering the horizontal alteration of alveolar bone, labio-lingual positioning of the implant towards the lingual bone in the maxilla and at the center of the alveolar ridge in the mandible is recommended when it is placed immediately after tooth extraction.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.521-527
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• 2014

This case series evaluated the clinical efficacy of autogenous tooth bone graft material (AutoBT) in alveolar ridge preservation of an extraction socket. Thirteen patients who received extraction socket graft using AutoBT followed by delayed implant placements from Nov. 2008 to Aug. 2010 were evaluated. A total of fifteen implants were placed. The primary and secondary stability of the placed implants were an average of 58 ISQ and 77.9 ISQ, respectively. The average amount of crestal bone loss around the implant was 0.05 mm during an average of 22.5 months (from 12 to 34 months) of functional loading. Newly formed tissues were evident from the 3-month specimen. Within the limitations of this case, autogenous tooth bone graft material can be a favorable bone substitute for extraction socket graft due to its good bone remodeling and osteoconductivity.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.169-181
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• 2000

Purpose: To investigate the expression of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2/4 during eary tooth development after irradiation and calcium-deficient diet. Materials and Methods: The pregnant three-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were used for the study. The control group was non-irradiation/normal diet group (Group 1), and the experimental groups were irradiation/normal diet group (Group 2) and irradiation/calcium-deficient diet group (Group 3). The abdomen of the rats at the 9th day of pregnancy were irradiated with single dose of 350 cGy. The rat pups were sacrificed at embryonic 18 days, 3 days and 14 days after delivery and the maxillae tooth germs were taken. The tissue sections of specimen were stained immunohisto-chemically with anti-BMP-2/4 antibody. Results: At embryo-18 days, immunoreacivity for BMP-2/4 of the Group 1 was modetate in stratum intermedium of dental organ and weak in dental papilla and dental follicle, but that of Group 2 was weak in cell layer of dental organ, and no immunoreacivity was shown in dental papilla and dental follice of Group 2 and in all tissue components of the Group 3. At postnatal-3 days, immunoreacivity for BMP-2/4 of the Group 1 was strong in cell layer of dental organ, odontoblasts and developing alveolar bone, but that of Group of 2 and Group 3 was weak in odontoblasts and developing alveolar bone. At postnatal-14 days, immunoreacivity for BMP-2/4 of the Group 1 was strong in newly formed cementum, alveolar bone and odontoblasts, but that of Group 2 was weaker than that of Group 1. In the Group 3, tooth forming cell layer showed weak immunoreactivity, but other cell layers showed no immunoreactivity. Couclusion : The expression of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2/4 during early tooth development was disturbed after irradiation and calcium-deficient diet.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2008

Purpose: It is important to determine the bucco-lingual inclination of implants on radiographs before the implant surgery. The purpose of this study was to compare the buccolingual inclination in alveolar bone and the tooth with dental cone beam CT and to prepare the standard for the buccolingual inclination of implant. Materials and Methods: Axial, panoramic, and buccolingually sectioned images of 80 implant cases with stent including straight marker using CB $Mercuray^{TM}$ (Hitachi, Japan) were evaluated. The comparison of the buccolingual inclination of remained alveolar bone with the tooth and the marker on butcolingually sectioned views was performed statistically. Results: The average buccolingual inclination of remained alveolar bone and tooth was $82.8{\pm}4.6^{\circ}\;and\;85.8{\pm}4.7^{\circ}$ (p<0.05, r=0.96) at the 1st molar area and $76.4{\pm}1.7^{\circ}\;and\;82.7{\pm}1.7^{\circ}$ respectively (p>0.05, r=0.12) at the 2nd premolar area in upper jaw. The average buccolingua1 inclination of remained alveolar bone and tooth was $81.3{\pm}8.3^{\circ}\;and\;87.5{\pm}6.3^{\circ}$ (p>0.05, r=0.85) at the lower 2nd premolar area and $94.3{\pm}6.6^{\circ}\;and\;93.3{\pm}7.2^{\circ}$ respectively (p>0.05, r=0.91) at the 1st molar area in lower jaw. The inclinations of markers were very different from those of remained bone at the most of areas except the upper 2nd premolar area (r=0.79). Conclusion: We recommend dental CBCT analysis for determining the buccolingual inclination of dental implant, because of significant difference, in average, between the bucco1ingual inclination of remained alveolar bone and tooth.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.249-252
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• 2004

Effects of HA and TiN coating on the electrochemical characteristics of Ti-6AI-4V alloys for bone plates were investigated using various test methods. Ti-6AI-4V alloys were fabricated by using a vacuum induction furnace and bone plates were made by laser cutting and polishing. HA was made of extracted tooth sintered and then tooth ash was used as HA coating target. The TiN and HA film coating on the surface were carried on using electron-beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) method. The corrosion behaviors of the samples were examined through potentiodynamic method in 0.9% NaCI solutions at $36.5\pm$$1^{\circ}C$ and corrosion surface was observed using SEM and XPS. The surface roughness of TiN coated bone plates was lower than that of tooth ash coated plates. The structure of TiN coated layer showed the columnar structure and tooth ash coated layer showed equiaxed and anisotrophic structure. The corrosion potential of the TiN coated specimen is comparatively high. The active current density of TiN and tooth ash coated alloy showed the range of about $1.0xl0^{-5}$ $A\textrm{cm}^2$, whereas that of the non-coated alloy was$ 1.0xl0^{-4}$ $A\textrm{cm}^2$. The active current densities of HA and TiN coated bone plates were smaller than that of non-coated bone plates in 0.9% NaCl solution. The pitting potential of TiN and HA coated alloy is more drastically increased than that of the non-coated alloy. The pit number and pit size of TiN and HA coated alloy decreased in compared with those of non-coated alloy. For the coated samples, corrosion resistance increased in the order of TiN coated, tooth ash coated, and non-coated alloy.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.357-367
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• 2001

당뇨병 흰쥐를 대상으로 치조골의 교체(turnover)와 치아 이동 중 치조골의 흡수와 형성의 활성을 비교 관찰하기 위하여 8주령의 웅성 Sprague-Dawley계 흰쥐를 정상대조군(N), 당뇨군(D), 정상-치아이동군(N-tm), 당뇨-치아이동군(D-tm)으로 나누고, 각 실험군은 치아이동 실험 1일, 3일, 7일, 14일의 소군으로 나누었다. 당뇨병은 치아이동 실험 18일전에 스트렙토조토신(50mg/체중 kg)을 꼬리정맥에 단 회 주사하여 유발하였다. 치아이동은 상악 제1대구치를 초기 교정력 40그램으로 근심 이동시켰다. 상악 제1대구치 주위 치조골을 대상으로 골형성 징후표지로서 치조골 alkaline phosphatase(ALP)와 osteocalcin(OC)을, 골흡수 징후표지로서 acid phosphatase (ACP)와 tartrate-resistant acid phophatase(TRAP)을 정량 분석하였으며, D군과 N군에서는 이들의 혈중 농도를 정량 분석하였다. 1. D군의 혈청 TRAP농도와 혈청 OC농도는 모든 실험 경과군에서 N군보다 감소하였고(p<0.05), 당뇨기간이 길어질수록 더 많이 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 치조골 흡수 징후표지는 감소하는 경향이었으며 골형성 징후표지도 실험기간이 경과함에 따라 더 많이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 2. N-tm군의 치조골 ACP농토와 TRAP농도는 N군과 비교하여 1일과 3일군에서 가장 높았으며(p<0.01), 그 이후 감소경향을 나타냈고, 치조골 OC함량은 3일, 7일 14일군에서 N 군보다 높았다(p<0.001). 그러나 D-tm군에서 치조골 ACP와 TRAP농도는 정상 N군에 비하여 1일에는 낮으나 7일, 14일 경과군에서 가장 높았고(p<0.001), 실험 경과에 따라 계속 증가 하였으며(p<0.001), 치조골 ALP와 OC 함량은 3일 경과 후부터 증가하지만 정상 N군과 유의차가 없었다. 3. 당뇨-치아이동군의 치아이동량은 정상-치아이동군보다 많은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 실험 결과는 당뇨병의 전신 골격과 치조골은 골 흡수 활성이 억제되어 있으며 골형성 활성은 당뇨 지속시간이 길어질수록 더 많이 억제되는 느린 골교체를 하며, 교정력에 의한 치조골 흡수활성이 처음 높아지는 시기는 정상치아이동시보다 늦고 더 오랬 동안 지속되며 치조골 형성활성은 낮고, 치아 이동량은 증가하며 이동중 치아동요도가 증가함을 시사한다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.236-250
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• 2018

Purpose: Resorption of the alveolar bone is an unavoidable consequence of tooth extraction when appropriate alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) measures are not taken. The objective of this trial was to test the hypothesis that dimensional changes in the alveolar bone after tooth extraction would be reduced by inserting an equine collagen membrane and a collagen cone to fill and seal the alveolus (as ARP), in comparison to extraction with untreated alveoli. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 31 patients were directly treated with the collagen material after extraction of a tooth from the maxilla (the ARP group). Twenty-nine patients served as the control group. After extraction, no further treatment (i.e., no socket preservation measures) was performed in the control group. Changes in the alveolar process immediately after extraction and after an 8 (${\pm}1$)-week healing period were evaluated 3-dimensionally. Blinded analyses were performed after superimposing the data from the digitalized impressions and surfaces generated by cone-beam computed tomography. Results: Both the ARP and control groups showed a reduction of bone in the alveolar area after tooth extraction. However, significantly less bone resorption was detected in the clinically relevant buccal region in the ARP group. The median bone reduction was 1.18 mm in the ARP group and 5.06 mm in the control group (P=0.03). Conclusions: The proposed hypothesis that inserting a combination material comprising a collagen cone and membrane would lead to a difference in alveolar bone preservation can be accepted for the clinically relevant buccal distance. In this area, implantation of the collagen material led to significantly less alveolar bone resorption. German Clinical Trials Register at www.drks.de, DRKS00004769.