• Journal of the Korean Physical Society
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• v.73 no.9
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• pp.1393-1398
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• 2018

In conventional single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), only the photoelectric events in the detectors are used for image reconstruction. However, if the $^{131}I$ isotope, which emits high-energy radiations (364, 637, and 723 keV), is used in nuclear medicine, both photoelectric and Compton scattering events can be used for image reconstruction. The purpose of our work is to perform simulations for Compton SPECT by using the Geant4 application for tomographic emission (GATE). The performance of Compton SPECT is evaluated and compared with that of conventional SPECT. The Compton SPECT unit has an area of $12cm{\times}12cm$ with four gantry heads. Each head is composed of a 2-cm tungsten collimator and a $40{\times}40$ array of CdZnTe (CZT) crystals with a $3{\times}3mm^2$ area and a 6-mm thickness. Compton SPECT can use not only the photoelectric effect but also the Compton scattering effect for image reconstruction. The correct sequential order of the interactions used for image reconstruction is determined using the angular resolution measurement (ARM) method and the energies deposited in each detector. In all the results of simulations using spherical volume sources of various diameters, the reconstructed images of Compton SPECT show higher signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) without degradation of the image resolution when compared to those of conventional SPECT because the effective count for image reconstruction is higher. For a Derenzo-like phantom, the reconstructed images for different modalities are compared by visual inspection and by using their projected histograms in the X-direction of the reconstructed images.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.646-652
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• 2016

This paper presents a tumor detection for breast cancer that utilizes two-dimensional(2D) image reconstruction with microwave tomographic imaging. The breast cancer detection system under development consists of 16 transmit/receive antennas, and the microwave tomography system operates at 1,700 MHz. The four types of breast(ED-, HD-, SC-, and FT-type) are used for image reconstruction. To solve a 2D inverse scattering problem, the method of moments(MoM) is employed for forward problem solving, and the simplex method employed as an optimization algorithm. The results of the reconstructed image show that the ED- and HD-types of breasts are well reconstructed, but SC- and FT-type breasts are not well because of the error including.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.36-44
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• 2009

Spray cross-section was measured by the Optical Line Patternator (OLP) and Optical Tomography at high ambient pressure. The laser line beam passed through the spray region, then Mie scattered signal and transmitted light were captured. The measured signal was processed to obtain a distribution of attenuation coefficient in spray cross-section. Beer-Lambert's law and mathematical reconstruction methods were used to reconstruct the distribution of attenuation coefficient. Spray became dense at high pressure and attenuation of scattered signal occurred seriously. OLP method, which uses Mie scattered signal, showed limit in compensating attenuation problem in dense spray region. Optical tomography reconstructed spray cross-section well, from transmission rate of light penetrating spray region.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.17-23
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• 2004

Spray characteristics of a twin-hole air shrouded nonle designed for gasoline injectors was investigated by using laser diffraction particle analyzer (LDPA) and tomography reconstruction- A confined spray chamber which is optically accessible through a pair of glass windows was made to simulate the fuel injection condition in intake manifold of gasoline engine. The measurement was applied to the twin hole injector with and without an air shroud. It demonstrates that for the case with an air shroud, fine atomization is achieved and there exists a large number of fine droplets between the region of the main spray streams, which conforms with the spray visualization. The drop size distribution was investigated as a function of elapse time after fuel injection. The distribution was greatly affected by the measurement position from the injector exit. Also, the spatially resolved spray volume fraction and Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) from line-of-sight data of the LDPA are tomographically reconstructed by Convolution Fourier transformation under the steady injection condition.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.17-29
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• 2016

Ultrasonic tomography is a powerful tool for identifying defects within an object or structure. But practical application of ultrasonic tomography to solids is often limited by time consuming transducer coupling. Air-coupled ultrasonic measurements may eliminate the coupling problem and allow for more rapid data collection and tomographic image construction. This research aims to integrate recent developments in air-coupled ultrasonic measurements with current tomography reconstruction routines to improve testing capability. The goal is to identify low velocity inclusions (air-filled voids and notches) within solids using constructed velocity images. Finite element analysis is used to simulate the experiment in order to determine efficient data collection schemes. Comparable air-coupled ultrasonic signals are then collected through homogeneous and isotropic solid (PVC polymer) samples. Volumetric (void) and planar (notch) inclusions within the samples are identified in the constructed velocity tomograms for a variety of transducer configurations. Although there is some distortion of the inclusions, the experimentally obtained tomograms accurately indicate their size and location. Reconstruction error values, defined as misidentification of the inclusion size and position, were in the range of 1.5-1.7%. Part 2 of this paper set will describe the application of this imaging technique to concrete that contains inclusions.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.331-337
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• 2020

Purpose: As cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has become the most widely used 3-dimensional (3D) imaging modality in the dental field, storage space and costs for large-capacity data have become an important issue. Therefore, if 3D data can be stored at a clinically acceptable compression rate, the burden in terms of storage space and cost can be reduced and data can be managed more efficiently. In this study, a deep learning network for super-resolution was tested to restore compressed virtual CBCT images. Materials and Methods: Virtual CBCT image data were created with a publicly available online dataset (CQ500) of multidetector computed tomography images using CBCT reconstruction software (TIGRE). A very deep super-resolution (VDSR) network was trained to restore high-resolution virtual CBCT images from the low-resolution virtual CBCT images. Results: The images reconstructed by VDSR showed better image quality than bicubic interpolation in restored images at various scale ratios. The highest scale ratio with clinically acceptable reconstruction accuracy using VDSR was 2.1. Conclusion: VDSR showed promising restoration accuracy in this study. In the future, it will be necessary to experiment with new deep learning algorithms and large-scale data for clinical application of this technology.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.506-508
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• 2002

As an advancement of medical imaging modalities and analyzing software with multi-function, active researches to acquire high contrast and high resolution image being done. In recently, development of medical imaging modalities like as Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is aiming to display anatomical structure more accuracy and faster. Thus, one of the important areas in CT today is the use of CT scanner for the quantitative evaluation of 3-D reconstruction images from 2-D tomographic images. In CT system, the effective slice thickness and the quality of 3-D reconstructed image will be influenced by imaging acquisition parameters (e.g. pitch and scan mode). In diagnosis and surgical planning, the accurate distance measurements of 3-D anatomical structures play an important role and the accuracy of distance measurements will depend on the acquisition parameters such as slice thickness, pitch, and scan mode. The skull phantom was scanned with SDCT for various acquisition parameters and acquisition slice thicknesses were 3 and 5 mm, and reconstruction intervals were 1, 2, and 3 mm to each pitch. 3-D visualizations and distance measurements were performed with PC based 3-D rendering and analyzing software. Results showed that the image quality and the measurement accuracy of 3-D SDCT images are independent to the reconstruction intervals and pitches.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.473-480
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• 2003

Iterative reconstruction methods have played a prominent role in emission computed tomography due to their remarkable advantages over the conventional filtered backprojection method. However, since iterative reconstructions typically are comprised of repeatedly projecting and backprojecting the data, the computational load required for reconstructing an image depends highly on the performance of the projector-backprojector pair used in the algorithm. In this work we compare quantitative performance of representative methods for implementing projector-backprojector pairs. To reduce the overall cost for the projection-backprojection operations for each method, we investigate how previously computed results can be reused so that the number of redundant calculations can be minimized. Our experimental results demonstrate that the ray tracing method not only outperforms other methods in computation time, but also provides improved reconstructions with good accuracy.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.153-158
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• 1988

A three-dimensional surface is reconstructed from contour information as identified on two-dimensional computed tomographic slices. Gradient operator with curvature constraint would be applied to extract the contour automatically, and backtracking is also adopted to reduce the tracking error. The surface between the consecutive slice is efficiently reconstructed using a triangular surface tiles. Hidden surface elimination, shading and parallel projection of the reconstructed surface are provied on the display screen.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1998.06e
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• pp.239-242
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 횡파를 이용한 STAM 시스템을 이용하여 다층구조물에 대한 토모그라픽 영상을 복원함으로써 토모그라픽 영상의 분해능을 개선시키는 방법에 관하여 연구하였다. 먼저, STAM 시스템의 수조에서 초음파가 시료로 입사될 때 입사각도에 따라 발생되는 종파와 횡파에 대한 모드변환에 관하여 고찰하였다. 실험을 위하여 시료로 각 층이 서로 다른 패턴을 갖는 2층의 알루미늄을 가공하여 다층구조물을 제작하였으며, 시료에 횡파를 여기시키기 위하여 초음파변환기의 입사각을 18$^{\circ}$로 사각 입사시킬 수 있는 웨지를 가공하여 수조를 제작하였다. 본 실험에서는 동작주파수가 10MHz인 STAM 시스템을 이용하여 4중 프로젝션에 대한 토모그라픽 데이터를 영상처리하여 토모그라픽 영상을 복원하였으며 이를 기존의 종파를 이용한 토모그라픽 영상과 비교분석한 결과, 콘트라스트와 축방향 분해능이 향상되고 토모그라픽 영상을 복원할 수 있었다.