• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.145-149
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• 1986

Tomato aspermy virus(TAV-B)는 두 개의 다른 CMV균주 D 및 K에서 분리한 satellite RNA의 증식 및 encapsidation에 대하여 helper virus의 역할을 하였다. 이 두 satellite RNA는 역시 ??? system에서 보이는 바와 같이 TAV가 감염된 담배에서 TAV 병징을 크게 감소시켰으며, 이는 감염된 식물내의 Virus 함량의 감소와 관계가 있었다. 또한 CMV가 감염된 토마토에서 lethal necrosis를 유발시킴을 볼 수 있었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.169-173
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• 2001

Virus disease occurred up to 62% in average in the greenhouse production of table tomato Seokwang in Suwon, Korea. From symptomatic transition of the labeled tomatoes, two different symptoms, mosaic and bud necrosis, were developed independently. Cucumber mosaic virus necrosis strain (CMV-N) was isolated from table tomato showing bud necrosis symptoms. The isolate caused the bud necrosis on four tomato cultivars and locally infected Chenopodium spp. and Vicia faba by mechanical inculation. The 5th RNA segment, satellite RNA, was identified from CMV-N-infected plants by dsRNA analysis. Crystals of virus particles were observed in cytosols and vacuoles. The virus particles of CMV-N presented abundantly in xylem vessel.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.38-42
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• 2018

Demand for tomatoes has been increasing every year as people desire more healthy food. In Korea, tomatoes are mainly grown in the Chungnam, Chunnam and Kyungnam provinces. Recently, reports of whitefly-transmitted viral diseases have increased due to newly emerging whitefly pressures caused by climate change in Korea. Specifically, in 2017, the main tomato growing areas, Buyeo and Nonsan in Chungnam, showed damage typical of viral infection; therefore, we investigated viral diseases in these areas. We collected samples with virus-like symptoms and found that not only whitefly transmitted Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) were detected but also Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV, for which no specific vector is known) and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV, transmitted by thrips). The ToMV-infected samples were mostly co-infected with either TYLCV or ToCV. Mixed infections of different combinations of TYLCV, ToCV and ToMV were detected with the mixed infection of two whitefly-transmitted viruses (TYLCV and ToCV) causing the most severe symptoms. According to the CP sequence of each virus, the 100% identities were shown to be Mexico/ABG73017.1 (TYLCV), Greece/CDG34553.1 (ToCV), China/AKN79752 (TSWV), and Australia/NP078449.1 (ToMV). Based on the sequence data, we presumed that these tomato infecting viruses were transmitted through insects and seeds introduced from neighboring countries.

• 식물병연구
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.164-169
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• 2001

Nicotiana glutinosa를 이용한 단병반분리를 통해 국내에 시판되고 있는 상용고추종자로부터 괴사국부병반의 크기가 다른 두 종류의 Tobamovirus를 분리하고 이들을 각각 Tobamovirus-6(T-6)과 Tobamovirus-19(T-19)로 명명하였다. 기주범위와 혈청학적 연관성 조사에서 T-6은 pepper mild mottle vitus(PMMoV)와, T-19는 tomato mosaic virus (ToMV)와 유사한 특성을 보였다. 또한 외피단백질 염기서열 분석에서 T-6은 PMMoV와 T-19는 ToMV와 매우 유사하였다.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.261-269
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• 1987

포장에서 고추에 황화, 엽맥록대 그리고 엽맥주름을 일으키는 바이러스가 분리되었다. 이 바이러스는 PVY항혈청과 ELISA 검정에서 반응하였으나 CMV, TMV, TBRV, AMV, TSWV, TEV, PMV, TRSV와는 반응하지 않았다. 바이러스 입자의 전자현미경 검경 결과 길이가 750-760nm의 사상형 입자였다. 이 바이러스는 진딧물에 의해 쉽게 전염되었으며 기주범위는 PVY와 비슷하였으나 Chemopodium amaranticolor와 C. quinoa에 전신 감염을 일으켰다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.193-201
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• 2017

국내의 토마토에서 발생하는 주요 바이러스는 Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV), Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV)이다. 이들 바이러스를 진단하기 위해 프라이머 세트와 반응액을 포함하는 역전사중합반응(RT-PCR)법의 조건을 조사하였다. 공시한 바이러스에 특이적인 염기서열로부터 모두 46개 프라이머 세트를 설계하고, 이를 이용해 주형을 넣지 않은 RT-PCR에서 비특이 반응을 조사하였다. 이들 가운데 16개 조합을 건전한 토마토 RNA에 적용한 결과 프라이머 세트와 RT-PCR 반응액 간의 친화성이 비특이 반응 감소에 영향을 주었다. cDNA 합성과 관련된 인자와 RT-PCR 반응액 사이의 조합을 근거로 ToCV 진단을 위한 두 종류의 반응액을 선발하였다. ToCV 진단 시 수립된 조건을 나머지 바이러스 진단에 적용했을 때, 특이성이 높은 프라이머 세트 C029 (ToCV), C072 (TSWV), C070 (CMV), C048 (PepMoV), C065 (ToMV)를 선발할 수 있었다. 이들 프라이머 세트는 공시한 바이러스를 특이적으로 진단하는 데 유용할 것으로 판단된다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.131-138
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• 2006

Two strains of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) isolated in Kuwait were confirmed their infectivity based on symptomatology and host range on different cultivars of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.) and squash (Cucurbita pepo). The pattern of symptoms differed for the two CMV strains in tomato and tobacco, showing severe stunting and mosaic symptoms with one strain designated KU2, and almost symptomless with the other strain designated KU1. A satellite RNA 5 (sat-RNA) was found to be associated with the KU1 strain and was characterized as a benign viral satellite RNA. Using reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with sat-RNA specific primers, an amplified PCR product of about 160bp was determined and analyzed by gel electrophoresis. This naturally occurring benign viral satellite RNA was successfully used as a biological control agent to protect tomato plants against the severe KU2 strain. Tomato plants grown in plant-growth chambers, were preinoculated with KU1 containing the benign viral satellite and then challenge inoculated with the severe KU2 strain at different time intervals. All plants challenged three weeks after preinoculation showed nearly complete protection from subsequent infection by the severe strain. This biological control technology using plant viruses was found protective and could be successfully established sooner after the preinoculation.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.93-96
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• 2008

In August 2006, a severe disease incidence showing mosaic and/or necrotic symptoms on two bell pepper varieties including red-colored 'Special' and yellow-colored 'Fiesta' was observed in a greenhouse located in Gwangyang, Jeonnam province, Korea. To identify causal viruses, total RNAs were extracted from 11 fruit samples with and without symptoms. Specific oligonucleotide primers for Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) were designed based on the sequences available on GenBank. Database comparisons of the deduced amino acid sequences of each sequence produced 100% and 98% matches with nucleocapsid protein gene of TSWV (Acc. No. ABE11605) and coat protein gene of CMV (Acc. No. DQ018289), respectively, suggesting that the symptoms on bell pepper fruits might be caused by the infection of CMV and TSWV. To our knowledge this is the first report of necrotic as well as mosaic virus disease on bell pepper fruits by the infection of CMV and TSWV in Jeonnam province, Korea.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.507-517
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• 2019

To follow up on a 2017 survey of tomato virus diseases, samples with virus-like symptoms were collected from the same areas (Buyeo-gun, Chungchungnam-Do and Daejeon, Korea) in 2018. While in 2017 mixed infections of Tomato mosaic virus with either Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) or Tomato chlorosis virus were detected, only TYLCV was detected in symptomatic samples in 2018. TYLCV amplicons of c.777 bp representing the coat protein (CP) coding region were cloned from the TYLCV positive samples, and the sequence data showed a 97.17% to 98.84% nucleotide and 98.45% to 99.22% amino acid identity with the 2017 Buyeo-gun isolate (MG787542), which had the highest amino acid (aa) sequence identity of up to 99.2% with four 2018 Buyeo-gun sequences (MK521830, MK521833, MK521834, and MK521835). The lowest aa sequence identity of 98.45% was found in a 2018 Daejeon isolate (MK521836); the distance between Buyeo-gun and Daejeon is about 45 km. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the currently reported CP sequences are most closely related to Korean sequences from Masan (HM130912), Goseong (JN680149), Busan (GQ141873), Boseong (GU325634), and the 2017 isolate TYLCV-N (MG787543) in the 'Japan' cluster of TYLCV isolates and distinct from the 'China' cluster isolates from Nonsan (GU325632), Jeonju (HM130913) and Jeju (GU325633, HM130914). Our survey data from 2017 and 2018 suggest that TYLCV has become established in Korea and may be spread by whitefly vectors from weed reservoirs within the farm environment.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.51-62
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• 2006

Three strains of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) have been found to cause a lethal disease, referred to as fern leaf syndromes and mild mosaic symptoms in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) crops grown in Kuwait. CMV strains were detected and identified based on host range, symptomatology, serology, electron microscopy, and ribonucleic acid (RNA) electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels. A high degree of viral genomic heterogeneity was detected among CMV strains isolated in Kuwait, with no apparent correlation to symptomatology in tomato host plants. Two different virus satellites of 'CMV associated RNA 5', designated CARNA 5, were detected in two virus strains that caused both lethal disease and mild symptoms, designated CMV-D1 and CMV-S1 respectively. CARNA5 was not detected in the third CMV strain that caused fern leaf syndromes designated CMV-F. All the three isolated strains were serologically indistinguishable from each other and may belong to one serotype according to Ouchterlony gel diffusion tests. These strains transmitted via aphids (Myzus persicae Sulz) in a non-persistent manner. Physical properties of the virus strains were very similar where thermal inactivation test showed that virus withstood heating for 10 min at $70^{/circ}$, dilution end point was $10^{-4}$, and the longevity in vitro at room temperature was less than 5 days for all virus strains. CMV-D1 and CMV-F were the most devastating diseases spreading in both greenhouse and field-grown tomato where aborted flower buds failed on fruit setting due to the viral infection. This is the first report to isolate three different strains of CMV in Kuwait.