• 제목/요약/키워드: Tobacco ban

검색결과 36건 처리시간 0.021초

Determinants of Smoking Initiation and Susceptibility to Future Smoking among School-Going Adolescents in Lagos State, Nigeria

  • Odukoya, Oluwakemi Ololade;Odeyemi, Kofoworola Abimbola;Oyeyemi, Abisoye Sunday;Upadhyay, Ravi Prakash
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.1747-1753
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    • 2013
  • Background: It is projected that low and middle-income countries will bear a major burden of tobacco related morbidity and mortality, yet, only limited information is available on the determinants of smoking initiation among youth in Africa. This study aimed to assess the determinants of smoking initiation and susceptibility to future smoking among a population of high school school students in Lagos, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Baseline data from an intervention study designed to assess the effect of an anti-smoking awareness program on the knowledge, attitudes and practices of adolescents was analyzed. The survey was carried out in six randomly selected public and private secondary schools in local government areas in Lagos state, Nigeria. A total of 973 students completed self-administered questionnaires on smoking initiation, health related knowledge and attitudes towards smoking, susceptibility to future smoking and other factors associated with smoking. Results: Of the respondents, 9.7% had initiated smoking tobacco products with the predominant form being cigarettes (7.3%). Males (OR: 2.77, 95%CI: 1.65-4.66) and those with more pro-smoking attitudes (OR: 1.44, 95%CI: 1.34-1.54) were more likely to have initiated smoking. Those with parents and friends who are smokers were 3.47 (95%CI: 1.50-8.05) and 2.26 (95%CI: 1.27-4.01) times more likely to have initiated smoking. Non-smoking students, in privately owned schools (OR: 5.08), with friends who smoke (5.09), with lower knowledge (OR: 0.87) and more pro-smoking attitudes (OR 1.13) were more susceptible to future smoking. In addition, respondents who had been sent to purchase cigarettes by an older adult (OR: 3.68) were also more susceptible to future smoking. Conclusions: Being male and having parents who smoke are predictors of smoking initiation among these students. Consistent with findings in other countries, peers not only influence smoking initiation but also influence smoking susceptibility among youth in this African setting. Prevention programs designed to reduce tobacco use among in-school youth should take these factors into consideration. In line with the recommendations of article 16 of the WHO FCTC, efforts to enforce the ban on the sales of cigarettes to minors should be also emphasised.

남성 근로자의 재흡연에 관련된 요인 (Factors Affecting Re-smoking in Male Workers)

  • 양진훈;하희숙;임지선;강윤식;이덕희;천병렬;감신
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제38권2호
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    • pp.208-214
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    • 2005
  • Objectives: This study was performed to examine the factors affecting re-smoking in male workers. Methods: A self-administrated questionnaire survey was conducted during April 2003 to examine the smoking state of 1,154 employees of a company that launched a smoking cessation campaign in1998. Five hundred and eighty seven persons, who had stopped smoking for at least one week, were selected as the final study subjects. This study collected data on smoking cessation success or failure for 6 months, and looked at the factors having an effect on re-smoking within this period. This study employed the Health Belief Model as its theoretical basis. Results: The re-smoking rate of the 587 study subjects who had stopped smoking for at least one week was 44.8% within the 6 month period. In a simple analysis, the re-smoking rates were higher in workers with a low age, on day and night shifts, blue collar, of a low rank, where this was their second attempt at smoking cessation and for those with a shorter job duration (p<0.05). Of the cues to action variables in the Heath Belief Model, re-smoking was significantly related with the perceived susceptibility factor, economic advantages of smoking cessation among the perceived benefits factor, the degree of cessation trial's barrier of the perceived barriers factor, smoking symptom experience, recognition of the degree of harmfulness of environmental tobacco smoke and the existence of chronic disease due to smoking (p<0.05). In the multiple logistic regression analysis for re-smoking, the significant variables were age, perceived susceptibility for disease, economic advantages due to smoking cessation, the perceived barrier for smoking cessation, recognition on the degree of harmfulness of environmental tobacco smoke, the existence of chronic disease due to smoking and the number of attempts at smoking cessation (p<0.05). Conclusion: From the result of this study, for an effective smoking ban policy within the work place, health education that improves the knowledge of the adverse health effects of smoking and the harmfulness of environmental tobacco smoke will be required, as well as counter plans to reduce the barriers for smoking cessation.

향끽미종잎담배의 신재배법 연구 제3보 육묘용비닐포트의 크기 및 식혈당주수가 생육특성 및 수량품질에 미치는 영향 (Improvement of Cultural Practices for a New Aromatic Tobacco III. Effect of the Vinyl Pot Size and Plants per Hole on Growth Characteristics, Yield and Quality)

  • 정기택;반유선;유익상
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제27권3호
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    • pp.283-288
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    • 1982
  • 향끽미종인 소향을 공시하여 묘상면적과 이식노동력을 절감하는 육묘방법과 적정재식밀도를 구명하기 위하여 가식의 여부, 육묘용비닐포트의 크기$(3.5cm{\times}3.5cm, 4cm{\times}4cm and 5cm{\times}5cm)$ 및 혈당주수(1, 3, 5, 7, 9주)를 달리하여 실시한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 혈당건물중 및 L. A. I는 혈당주수가 많을수록 증가하였으나 1엽중, 1엽면적, 단위엽면적중, 액아발생량 및 엽면조도는 감소하였고 포트의 크기에 따른 차이는 통계적으로 유의성이 인정되지 않았다. 2. 생존율은 가식여부에 따른 차이는 없었고 3.5cm 포트가 컸으나 5cm포트에 혈당 7주까지는 재배상의 문제가 없을 것으로 생각되었다. 3. 니코틴은 혈당주수가 많을수록 감소하였으나 포트의 크기에 따른 차이는 통계적으로 유의성이 인정되지 않았다. 4. 수량, kg당 가격 및 10a당 대금은 가식여부 및 포트의 크기에 따라 통계적인 유의성이 인정되지 않았으나 혈당주수가 많을수록 증가하였다. 5. 완화성 및 팽숭성은 혈당주수가 많을수록 좋아졌고, 연소성도 혈당 5주 이상이 혈당 1-3주보다 좋았다. 6. 향끽미종잎담배인 소향의 재부는 가식을 성략하여 $5cm{\times}5cm$ 포트에 혈당 6주를 육묘하는 것이 바람직하다.

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Implementation of Smoke-free Legislation in Malaysia: Are Adolescents Protected from Respiratory Health Effects?

  • Zulkifli, Aziemah;Abidin, Najihah Zainol;Abidin, Emilia Zainal;Hashim, Zailina;Rahman, Anita Abd;Rasdi, Irniza;Syed Ismail, Sharifah Norkhadijah;Semple, Sean
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제15권12호
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    • pp.4815-4821
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    • 2014
  • Background: This study aimed to examine the relationship between respiratory health of Malaysian adolescents with secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and smoke-free legislation (SFL) implementation. Materials and Methods: A total of 898 students from 21 schools across comprehensive- and partial-SFL states were recruited. SHS exposures and respiratory symptoms were assessed via questionnaire. Prenatal and postnatal SHS exposure information was obtained from parental-completed questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of respiratory symptoms was: 11.9% ever wheeze, 5.6% current wheeze, 22.3% exercise-induced wheeze, 12.4% nocturnal cough, and 13.1% self-reported asthma. SHS exposure was most frequently reported in restaurants. Hierarchical logistic regression indicates living in a comprehensive-SFL state was not associated with a lower risk of reporting asthma symptoms. SHS exposure in public transport was linked to increased risk for wheeze (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 16.6; 95%confidence interval (CI), 2.69-101.7) and current wheezing (AOR 24.6; 95%CI, 3.53-171.8). Conclusions: Adolescents continue to be exposed to SHS in a range of public venues in both comprehensive- and partial-SFL states. Respiratory symptoms are common among those reporting SHS exposure on public transportation. Non-compliance with SFL appears to be frequent in many venues across Malaysia and enforcement should be given priority in order to reduce exposure.

담배가격 인상에 따른 청소년 흡연율 변화 (Cigarette price rise induced change in youth smoking rate)

  • 민경문;서영호;박창희
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제19권12호
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    • pp.451-461
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    • 2018
  • 본 연구에서는 2015년 담배가격 인상정책 전후 청소년 흡연율 변화, 금연시도율 변화 등에 대해 살펴보고자 하였다. 이에 본 연구는 총 800개교의 중학생 및 고등학생을 대상으로 조사를 실시한 제9차(2013년), 제10차(2014년), 제11차(2015년) 청소년건강행태온라인 조사 원시자료를 이용하여 청소년들의 일반적 특성, 정신건강 및 주관적 학업성적, 음주 및 흡연관련 특성에 따른 담배가격 인상 전후 흡연율 변화 및 금연시도율, 금연시도이유 중 '담배값이 너무 비싸서' 선택률, 흡연량 변화를 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 전체 청소년의 현재 흡연율은 2013년 9.7%에서 2014년 9.2%로 감소하는 모습을 보였고, 담배가격 인상 후인 2015년 흡연율은 7.8%로 전년대비 15.2% 감소율을 보여 담배가격 인상 전보다 큰 폭으로 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들을 통해 담배가격 인상정책이 청소년 흡연율을 감소시키는데 매우 효과적일 뿐만 아니라 금연동기 및 흡연 예방에도 매우 효과적이라는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 청소년기 흡연자의 대다수가 성인기 흡연자로 이어진다는 점에서 청소년기의 흡연 예방 및 금연 유도는 매우 중요하다. 향후 흡연실을 허용하지 않는 완전 금연구역의 확대와 담배 광고, 판촉, 후원에 대한 포괄적 금지는 시급히 추진되어야 하며 이미 근거를 바탕으로 작성된 WHO FCTC의 각조약을 충실히 이행할때 금연효과를 극대화 할 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

1990년대 남성 주도적 한국시장에서의 글로벌 여성담배 광고의 변형 (Transforming the Advertisements of Global Female cigarette in the Predominantly Male Market of Korea)

  • 임인숙;김보미
    • 여성학논집
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    • 제28권1호
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    • pp.3-42
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    • 2011
  • 이 연구는 1988년 강압적으로 한국시장을 개방했던 초국적 담배기업들의 여성시장확장전략이 갖는 특성을 분석한다. PM사와 BAT사의 대표적인 글로벌 여성담배인 '버지니아 슬림'과 '휘네스'에 초점을 맞추고, 그들이 자국과 세계시장에서 사용해온 전형적인 광고전략이 한국 상황에서 수정, 폐기되었을 가능성을 탐색한다. '버지니아슬림'은 한국시장에 진입한 후 3년 만에 여성담배로서의 브랜드 정체성을 포기함으로써 1990년대 외산담배시장 점유율 2위를 고수하는 성공을 거두었다. 반면, 전형적인 광고라인을 10여 년 동안 유지했던 '휘네스'는 여성담배로서 인지도는 가장 높았지만 시장점유율은 버지니아 슬림보다 훨씬 뒤쳐졌다. 1990년대 여전했던 한국 담배시장의 남성 주도성과 여성을 대상으로 한 담배광고와 판촉에 대한 전면 규제조치는 초국적 담배회사들이 한국여성 소비자를 확보하는데 '이중 장애물'로 작용했을 것이다. 그러나 담배광고 규제를 우회하는 간접광고와 판촉 행위들이 다각적으로 이루어진 사실은 글로벌 여성담배의 광고전략 변화가 한국여성 소비자 공략에 대한 포기라기보다는 남녀공용 담배로의 전환일 수 있음을 시사한다. 또한 부드럽고 순한 맛의 여성담배 특성이 성별 이미지보다는 건강 이미지와 결합되는 한, 한국여성들의 감성과 욕망에 호소하는 광고가 부재하더라도 건강한 담배를 자처하는 광고들이 한국여성들에게 호소력을 가질 수 있다.