• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.562-570
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• 2018

This study is a descriptive research to understand the degree and relevance of profession value, self - esteem, and sociality of nursing college students according to voluntary service activities. The results showed that the formation of profession values according to the general characteristics was related to religion (F = 4.79, p = .003) and major (F = 3.75, p = .011) and self esteem was related to grade (F = 4.84, p = .002). The profession values according to the characteristics of voluntary service activities showed a significant difference in volunteer time (F=18.70, p<.001), volunteer duration (F=18.87, p<.001), volunteer organization(F=3.41, p=.001), volunteer motivation(F=8.08, p<.001), participation path(F=3.63, p=.002), participation field(F = 2.13, p = .031). The profession value was positively correlated with self-esteem(r = .327, p <.01) and sociality(r= .248, p <.01). Self-esteem showed a statistically significant positive correlation with sociality(r= .327, p <.01).

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 1997

The interfacial bond strengh and microstructural analysis of pre-heat treated porcelain-fusedmetal(PFM) were investigated using a mechanical three-point bending tester and scanning electron microscope(SEM). Four kinds of heat treated samples were prepared as follows ; A: Heating $1200^{\circ}F{\to}1600^{\circ}F$, holding 1min, reheating ${\to}1850^{\circ}F$, hold 3min under vacuum, B: heating $1200^{\circ}F{\to}1600^{\circ}F$, holding 1min, reheating${\to}1850^{\circ}F$ under vacuum conditon, C: heating $1200^{\circ}F{\to}1600^{\circ}F$, holding 1min, reheating${\to}1850^{\circ}F$, holding 3min in the air, repeat same heat treatment process under vacuum condition, D: heating $1200^{\circ}F{\to}1600^{\circ}F$, holding 1min, reheating${\to}1850^{\circ}F$, holding 1min in the air. The three-point bening test result shows that the interfacial bond strength of specimen B and C were higher than that of A and D. The SEM study indicate that Specimen C shows the highest surface density.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.151-157
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• 1984

The purpose of this study was to compare the growth-inhibiting effect of sodium fluoride and stannous fluoride on a cariogenic strain of Streptococcus mutans exposed to the different concentration of $SnF_2$ and NaF The result were as follows: 1. The growth rate of the Streptococcus mutans was unaffected by 75 ppmF, slowed by 150 ppmF, and immediately arrested by 300 or 600 ppmF where increments of NaF were added to actively growing 12-hour broth culture. 2. $SnF_2$ slowed the growth rate at 75 ppmF, was to bactericidal initially at 150 and 300 ppmF, and was to totally bactercidal at 600 ppmF. 3. $SnF_2$ has been shown to be more effective than NaF in inhibiting the growth activity of Streptococcus mutans. 4. The inhibitory effect of fluoride compounds on the growth of Streptococcus mutans was increased in the decreased pH at concentration of 600 ppmF.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.155-159
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• 2021

This study aimed to develop strain-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers to detect Fusobacterium hwasookii KCOM 1249^T, F. hwasookii KCOM 1253, F. hwasookii KCOM 1256, F. hwasookii KCOM 1258, and F. hwasookii KCOM 1268 on the basis of nucleotide sequences of a gene specific to each strain. The unique genes for each F. hwasookii strain were determined on the basis of their genome sequences using Roary. The strain-specific PCR primers based on each strain-specific gene were designed using PrimerSelect. The specificity of each PCR primer was determined using the genomic DNA of the 5 F. hwasookii strains and 25 strains of oral bacterial species. The detection limit and sensitivity of each strain-specific PCR primer pair were determined using the genomic DNA of each target strain. The results showed that the strain-specific PCR primers correspond to F. hwasookii KCOM 1249^T, F. hwasookii KCOM 1253, F. hwasookii KCOM 1258, F. hwasookii KCOM 1256/F. nucleatum subsp. polymorphum KCOM 1260, or F. hwasookii KCOM 1268/Fusobacterium sp. oral taxon 203 were developed. The detection limits of these strain-specific PCR primers ranged from 0.2 to 2 ng of genomic DNA for each target strain. The results suggest that these strain-specific PCR primers are valuable in quality control for detecting specific F. hwasookii strains.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.485-495
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• 1991

This experiment was carried out to obtain the information on the crossability, variation of chromosome number in pollen mother cell (PMC) and somatic cell of the progeny from the cross between hexaploid triticale cv. Sinkihomil and two diploid rye varieties. Seed set was 39.3 to 41.6% (averaged 40.5%) in the cross between triticale (P$_1$) and rye(P$_2$), which resulted in 0.33% in F$_2$(selfed F$_1$), 2.69% in F$_1$/P$_1$ 5.47% in F$_1$/P$_2$ respectively. However, seed set was extremely low in both reciprocal crosses when triticale was used as male. Germination rate of the crossed seed was 94.0% in F$_1$ 40.8% in F$_2$(selfed F$_1$), 59.5% in F$_1$/P$_1$ and 65.9% in F$_1$/P$_2$ from the cross between triticale and rye, respectively. Pollen fertility of F$_1$ plant was averaged 18.7% in the cross between triticale and rye. Number of Uni-, Bi-, and Trivalent in PMC was 12. 6, 6.94, and 0.53, respectively, in the F$_1$ between the triticale and rye. There were 28 chromosomes in F$_1$, 21 to 34 in F$_2$, 34 to 38 in F$_1$/P$_1$ and 19 to 23 in F$_1$/P$_2$ from the cross between the triticale and rye, respectively.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.25-36
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• 2016

Previous studies showed that the voice onset time (VOT) of aspirated and lenis stops has been merged, and post-stop fundamental frequency (F0) has emerged as a primary cue to distinguish the two stops in the younger generation and female speech. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that VOT merger in aspirated and lenis stops occurs after an F0 difference between the two stops becomes stabilized. In other words, unless post-stop F0, which is a redundant feature, is fully developed, it is hard for VOT merger to happen. Females have got a stable F0 difference in stops earlier than males. Therefore, VOT merger could happen, and as a result, females could take the lead in changing from VOT to F0 in initial stops. This study also shows that speakers who acquired F0 as a primary cue use F0 to the full to distinguish lenis stops from two other stops (aspirated and fortis).

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.277-283
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• 1992

Let GF(q) be a finite field with q elements where q=p$^{n}$ for a prime number p and a positive integer n. Consider an arbitrary function .phi. from GF(q) into GF(q). By using the Largrange's Interpolation formula for the given function .phi., .phi. can be represented by a polynomial which is congruent (mod x$^{q}$ -x) to a unique polynomial over GF(q) with the degree < q. In [3], Wells characterized all polynomial over a finite field which commute with translations. Mullen [2] generalized the characterization to linear polynomials over the finite fields, i.e., he characterized all polynomials f(x) over GF(q) for which deg(f) < q and f(bx+a)=b.f(x) + a for fixed elements a and b of GF(q) with a.neq.0. From those papers, a natural question (though difficult to answer to ask is: what are the explicit form of f(x) with zero terms\ulcorner In this paper we obtain the exact form (together with zero terms) of a polynomial f(x) over GF(q) for which satisfies deg(f) < p$^{2}$ and (1) f(x+a)=f(x)+c for the fixed nonzero elements a and c in GF(q).

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.83-85
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• 1985

Let K be a real function field over a real closed field F. Then there exists an F-place .phi.:K.rarw.F.cup.{.inf.}. This is Lang's Existence of Rational Place Theorem (6). There is an equivalent version of Lang's Theorem in (4). That is, if K is a function field over a field F, then, for any ordering P$_{0}$ on F which extends to K, there exists an F-place .phi.: K.rarw.F'.cup.{.inf.} where F' is a real closure of (F, P$_{0}$). In [2], Knebusch pointed out the converse of the version of Lang's Theorem is also true. By a valuation theoretic approach to Lang's Theorem, we have found out the following generalization of Lang and Knebusch's Theorem. Let K be an arbitrary extension field of a field F. then an ordering P$_{0}$ on F can be extended to an ordering P on K if there exists an F-place of K into some real closed field R containing F. Of course R$^{2}$.cap.F=P$_{0}$. The restriction K being a function field of F is vanished, though the codomain of the F-place is slightly varied. Therefore our theorem is a generalization of Lang and Knebusch's theorem.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.24 no.1_2
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• pp.357-366
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• 2007

Let G(V, E) be a simple graph, and let f be an integer function on V with $1{\leq}f(v){\leq}d(v)$ to each vertex $v{\in}V$. An f-edge cover-coloring of a graph G is a coloring of edge set E such that each color appears at each vertex $v{\in}V$ at least f(v) times. The f-edge cover chromatic index of G, denoted by ${\chi}'_{fc}(G)$, is the maximum number of colors such that an f-edge cover-coloring of G exists. Any simple graph G has an f-edge cover chromatic index equal to ${\delta}_f\;or\;{\delta}_f-1,\;where\;{\delta}_f{=}^{min}_{v{\in}V}\{\lfloor\frac{d(v)}{f(v)}\rfloor\}$. Let G be a connected and not complete graph with ${\chi}'_{fc}(G)={\delta}_f-1$, if for each $u,\;v{\in}V\;and\;e=uv{\nin}E$, we have ${\chi}'_{fc}(G+e)>{\chi}'_{fc}(G)$, then G is called an f-edge covered critical graph. In this paper, some properties on f-edge covered critical graph are discussed. It is proved that if G is an f-edge covered critical graph, then for each $u,\;v{\in}V\;and\;e=uv{\nin}E$ there exists $w{\in}\{u,v\}\;with\;d(w)\leq{\delta}_f(f(w)+1)-2$ such that w is adjacent to at least $d(w)-{\delta}_f+1$ vertices which are all ${\delta}_f-vertex$ in G.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.41-55
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• 1999

In order to evaluate the effects of knowledge, attitude and practice on noise-induced hearing loss or hearing threshold level, questionnaire survey was performed and hearing thresholds of 1 kHz and 4 kHz were measured on 1,040 subjects with workers exposed to noise, safety and health officers. industrial hygienists, analysts rind office workers. The results were as follows ; 1. The following 6 factors were obtained by factor analysis and factor rotation of 30 questionnaire of knowledge, attitude and practice about noise; knowledge of noise (F1), concern of hearing protective devices (F2), concern of noise induced hearing loss (F3), concern of noise level and hearing impairment (F4), concern of noise in workplace (F5) and recognition of noised-induced hearing loss (F6). 56.1% of variance was explained by 6 factors. 2. Significant variables influencing knowledge, attitude and practice about noise were education level and age in F1, personal protective devices (PPE) and education level in F2, age and education level in F3, education level, age and sex in F4, PPE, education level, age and work duration in F5, and work duration and PPE in F6. 3. Hearing thresholds of 4 kHz were significantly higher in workers exposed to noise than that of in the other subjects and tended to be higher in industrial hygienists, safety and health officers and analysts than that of the office workers. 4. Significant variables influencing hearing thresholds of 1 kHz were age, education level, F5 and F6 in workers exposed to noise, and F1 in industrial hygienists. 5. Significant variables influencing hearing thresholds of 4 kHz were age, F6, sex, work duration, F1, F5, F2 and F3 in workers exposed to noise, F1 and age in safety and health officers, and F6, sex and F4 in industrial hygienists. With the above results, it suggested that workers exposed to noise be needed the education of knowledge, attitude and practice about noise in hearing conservation program for the prevention of noise induced hearing loss. Also, it suggested that health managers in workplace be needed countermeasures to prevent hearing loss although they are intermittently exposed to noise.