• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.91-95
• /
• 2004

This study aims to analyze realities of oral health and related factors, and establish Structural Equation Modeling. The subjects of study were 9,340 elderly over age 65 who took the health examination(the first) for the local insured which National Health Insurance Corporation carried out in the survey area mentioned below from January 2002 to December 2002. The areas surveyed were 4 big cities including Seongbuk-ku, Seoul, 5 medium cities including Wonjusi, Gangwon-do, and 5 Counties including Yeong deok County, Kyeongbuk. Considering location and the scale of population, firstly, big unit areas(metropolitan city, province) were selected according to convenience, secondly, low unit areas(city, county, district) were selected randomly. The subjects were the elderly who took all tests including an oral examination and filled in the questionnaire. Major results from analysis are as follows: 1. Review of Composition Conception Validity As a result of analyzing composition conception validity of SEM including posture test, urine test, blood test, habits of eating, drinking and smoking, oral symptoms, and oral health status, using fit index such as GFI, CFI, TLI, and RMSEA, all were within fit range and composition conception validity was recognized. 2. As a result of analyzing SEM to find the relationship between each factor and oral health status, it was confirmed that all factors except urine test affected oral health status and the synthetic SEM to explain it could be established. In result, we could verify that the elderly of rural areas who had lesser experience of visiting a clinic and oral prophylaxis had a higher rate of caries, missing teeth, and denture need, and drinking and smoking negatively affected the rate of caries, periodontal, and missing teeth. Also, periodontal diseases were observed from 43.2% of the total elderly and much from the lower age. Most of oral disease can be prevented by right oral health behavior. Therefore through oral health professionals from each district public health center of the nation, oral health education for the elderly about right eating habits and oral health care should be carried out systematically and policy change to increase access to dental service is required lest that visiting a dental clinic should be impossible or oral health behaviors such as oral prophylaxis and denture wearing should be neglected by economic, geographical barriers. Also, to establish SEM to explain the relationship between oral health status and systemic health, more accurate test methods and effective index development should be preceded. Because items developed by National Health Insurance Corporation applied to this study without alteration, structuring a model had the uppermost limit. Continual study seems to be needed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.439-448
• /
• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine validity and reliability of Webel and colleagues'HIV Self-Management Scale when used with a Korean sample. Methods: The original 20-item HIV Self-Management Scale was translated into Korean using translation and back-translation. Nine HIV nurse experts tested content validity. Principal component analysis (PCA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of data from 203 patients was used to test construct validity. Concurrent validity was evaluated using correlation with patients'self-rating as a "mart patient"measured using a visual analogue scale. Internal consistency was tested by Cronbach' alpha coefficients. Results: All items were rated as having satisfactory content validity. Based on PCA and consideration of conceptual meaning, a three-factor solution was selected, explaining 48.76% of the variance. CFA demonstrated the adequacy of the three-domain structure of the construct HIV self-management: daily self-management health practices, social support and HIV self-management, and chronic nature of HIV self-management. Goodness-of-fit indices showed an acceptable fit overall with the full model (${\chi}^2/df_{(164)}=1.66$, RMSEA=0.06, SRMR=0.05, TLI=0.91, and CFI=0.92). The Korean version of the HIV Self-Management Scale (KHSMS) was significantly correlated with patients'self-rated smart patient (r=.41). The subscale Cronbach' alpha coefficients ranged from .78 to .81; alpha for the total scale was .89. Conclusion: The KHSMS provides a valid and reliable measure of self-management in Korean patients with HIV. Continued psychometric testing is recommended to provide further evidence of validity with this population.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.87-94
• /
• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of our study was to verify whether the Seven Emotions evaluated by Guibi-Tang questionnaire (GTQ) were predictive of self-awareness level of one's quality of life (QOL). Methods: Eighty volunteers participated in this study and completed the GTQ. In addition, the volunteers were asked to answer one's self-awareness of the QOL using numerical scale. Factor analysis was conducted for extraction of GTQ factors. Structural Equation Model (SEM) was conducted to verify path structure. Results: The estimates of the four factors on the level of one's QOL demonstrated that Chest Factor (=-0.330) showed the highest level of correlation followed by the seven emotions (=-0.213); Deficient fire (=0.141); and Qi Deficiency (=-0.023). Model fit is $X^2$=34.740 (df=36), GFI=0.931, AGFI=0.873, NFI=0.867, RFI=0.797, IFI=0.975, TLI=1.006, CFI=1.009, RMSEA=0.000. Therefore, considering these values, SEM could be accepted as a workable model. Conclusions: Our study results suggest that According to SEM, The Seven Emotions evaluated by GTQ are predictable for self-awareness of one's QOL.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.48 no.3
• /
• pp.375-388
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Coping and Adaptation Processing Scale-Short- Form in patients with cancer. Methods: The original scale was translated into Korean using Brislin's translation model. The Korean Short-Form and the Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy-General were administered to 164 Korean patients with cancer using convenience sampling method. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0. Construct validity, criterion validity, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency reliability of the Korean Coping and Adaptation Processing Scale-Short-Form were evaluated. Results: Exploratory factor analysis supported the construct validity with a four-factor solution that explained 60.6% of the total variance. Factor loadings of the 15 items on the four subscales ranged .52~.86. The four-subscale model was validated by confirmatory factor analysis (Normed ${\chi}^2=1.38$ (p=.013), GFI=.92, SRMR=.02, RMSEA=.05, TLI=.94, and CFI=.95), and criterion validity was demonstrated with the Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy-General. Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency of the total scale was .83 and ranged .68~.81 for all subscales, demonstrating sufficient test-retest reliability. Conclusion: The Korean version showed satisfactory construct and criterion validity, as well as internal consistency and test-retest reliability.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.95-101
• /
• 2009

Protective behavior of radiological technologists against radiation exposure is important to achieve reduction of the patient doses without compromising medical achievements. This study attempts to provide a basic model for the sophisticated intervention strategy that increases the level of the protective behavior of the technologists. The model was applied to real situations in Korea to demonstrate its utility. The results of this study are summarized as follows: First, the protective environment showed the highest relationship in the factors considered, r=0.637 (p<0.01). Secondly, the important factors were protective environment in environment characteristics, expectation for the protective behavior 0.228 (p<0.001), self-efficacy 0.142 (p<0.001), and attitude for the protective behavior 0.178 (p<0.001) in personal characteristics, and daily patient -0.112 (p<0.001) and number of the participation in the education session for the protective behavior 0.074 (p<0.05). Thirdly, the final protective behavior model by a path analysis method had direct influence on the attitude 0.171 (p<0.01) and environment 0.405 (p<0.01) for the protective behavior, self efficacy 0.122 (p<0.01), expectation for the protective behavior 0.16 (p<0.01), and self-efficacy in the specialty of projects 0.154 (p<0.01). The acceptance of the model determined by the absolute fit index (GFI), 0.969, and by the incremental fit index (CFI), 0.943, showed very significant levels. Value of $x^2$/df that is a factor applied to verify the acceptance of the model was 37, which implies that the result can be accepted in the desirable range. In addition, the parsimonious fit index configured by AGFI (0.890) and TLI (0.852) was also considered as a scale that accepts the model in practical applications. In case of the establishment of some specific intervention strategies based on the protective behavior model against harmful radiation effects proposed in this study, the strategy will provide an effective way to prevent medical harmful radiation effects that could cause severe injuries to people.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.48 no.5
• /
• pp.578-587
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to understand the mechanisms of decision regret and stress of family surrogates' end-of-life decision making using an exploratory path model. In particular, the research identified the direct effects of perceptions of uncertainty and effective decisions on decision regret and stress, and examined the indirect effects of being informed, having clear values, and being supported for decision regret and the stress of end-of-life decision making through the mediating variables of perceptions of uncertainty and effective decisions. Methods: Data were collected from 102 family surrogates who had participated in end-of-life decision making for patients with terminal cancer in a tertiary hospital. Results: Perception of effective decisions was a significant direct predictor of decision regret, and uncertainty was a significant predictor of stress among the participants. Being informed, having clear values, and being supported had a significant indirect influence on decision regret through the perception of effective decisions among family surrogates. However, only having clear values had a significant indirect influence on stress through the perception of uncertainty. The model explained 63.0% of decision regret and 20.0% of stress among the participants and showed a good fit with the data, ${\chi}^2=12.40$ (df=8, p=.134), TLI=.97, and RMSEA=.07. Conclusion: Nurses can support family surrogates in end-of-life decision-making processes to decrease their decision regret by providing information about end-of-life care choices, clarifying personal values, and supporting the decision-making process, and to relieve their stress by facilitating the clarification of personal values.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.8 no.9
• /
• pp.331-338
• /
• 2017

The purpose of the present convergence study is to investigate the relationship among self control, fairness, and happiness. It is to determine whether fairness had a mediating role in the relationship between self control and happiness. Participants were 275 undergraduate students. Self control, fairness, and happiness scales were used. For data analysis, correlation analysis, factor analysis, structural equation modeling analysis were conducted. The present study used structural equation modeling to examine the relation among variables. The analyses revealed that the present data best fit the research model in which self control were directly associated with happiness and mediated by fairness(${\chi}^2(51)=91.723$, TLI=0.919 CFI=0.937 RMSEA=0.054). The results indicate that self control affect happiness directly. And also self control affect happiness indirectly by mediation of fairness. Self control had a positive effect on fairness and happiness. This suggests that it is important to have educational and psycho-social interventions to improve happiness of undergraduate students.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.505-514
• /
• 2012

This study is for effectiveness of golf skills to average score using path analysis in Professional golf association. The variables in this study were that seven independent variable were driving accuracy, green in regulation, driving distance, sand save ratio, scrambling, putting average, and two endogenous variables were birdie average, bogey average, and dependent variable was the scoring average. To analyze these variables, path analysis was used through AMOS 18.0 program and Alpha level sets at.05. As the result, the final model had significant goodness-of-fit (GFI=.989, RMSEA=.044, TLI=.991, CFI=.998) and showed that green in regulation, driving distance, sand save ratio, scrambling, and putting average significantly affected average score directly. Especially, the scrambling was the highest affectation to average score and the sand save ratio was the lowest affectation to the average score.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.13-21
• /
• 2021

Purpose: This research was conducted to investigate the characteristics of emotional exhaustion that Korean school nurses suffer, to suggest policy implications to address this issue, and to propose preventive and supervisory measures regarding emotional exhaustion experienced by school nurses in elementary, middle, and high schools in Korea. Methods: A survey was conducted under the authorization of Chungcheongnam-do Office of Education. Out of 400 copies first distributed, 376 copies were returned. Among the 376 copies, 117 copies which were judged insincere or from teachers with less than 1 year of experience were exclded from the study. Through this process, only 259 copies were finally selected. Results: As a result of assessing the fit of the model, it was found that 𝑥²=67.247 (df=28, p<.001), GFI=.953, AGFI=.911, TLI=0.936, CFI=0.965 and RMSEA=.074. Emotional exhaustion was found to have a direct effect on job demand (β=.26) and an indirect effect on stress response (β=.31). The total effect was β=.57. There was a positive complete indirect effect of β=.52 between emotional intelligence and emotional exhaustion. The total effect was not significant, respectively. Conclusion: Since job demands of school nurses affect emotional exhaustion, it is necessary to reconstruct their jobs and operations to alleviate their job demands.

• Journal of Family Relations
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.27-50
• /
• 2017

Objectives: This study was carried out in order to evaluate the overall process that the caregiving stress of parents of adult children with developmental disabilities affected their life satisfaction through the levels of family resilience, and coping styles on the basis of stress-coping-adaptation model of Lazarus and Folkman(1984). Method: For this purpose, the structured survey was conducted by 394 parents of adult children with developmental disabilities. The data was analysed by AMOS 20.0 version. Results: The findings can be summarized as follows: First, the structural equation model(SEM) analysis was conducted in order to examine the various paths that parents' caregiving stress affected their life satisfaction. The model's goodness-of-fit was fine($x^2=225.20$, df=95, p=000. RMSEA=.06, TLI=.95). There were significant relationships between caregiving stress and family resilience(${\beta}=-.36$, p<.001), emotion-focused coping style(${\beta}=.47$, p<.001), life satisfaction(${\beta}=-.53$, p<.001). Second, family resilience and emotion-focused coping showed mediating effects on the relationship between caregiving stress and life satisfaction. Conclusions: The strategies for enhancing family resilience and social services for applying effective coping methods should be expanded in order to diminish the caregiving stress of parents of adult children with developmental disabilities.