• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2024

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major complications of chronic hyperglycaemia affecting normal kidney functioning. The ayurvedic medicine curcumin (CUR) is pharmaceutically accepted for its vast biological effects. Objectives: The Curcuma-derived diferuloylmethane compound CUR, loaded on Poly (lactide-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles was utilized to combat DN-induced renal apoptosis by selectively targeting and modulating Bcl2. Methods: Upon in silico molecular docking and screening study CUR was selected as the core phytocompound for nanoparticle formulation. PLGA-nano-encapsulated-curcumin (NCUR) were synthesized following standard solvent displacement method. The NCUR were characterized for shape, size and other physico-chemical properties by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy studies. For in vivo validation of nephro-protective effects, Mus musculus were pre-treated with CUR at a dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. and NCUR at a dose of 25 mg/kg b.w. (dose 1), 12.5 mg/kg b.w (dose 2) followed by alloxan administration (100 mg/kg b.w) and serum glucose levels, histopathology and immunofluorescence study were conducted. Results: The in silico study revealed a strong affinity of CUR towards Bcl2 (dock score -10.94 Kcal/mol). The synthesized NCUR were of even shape, devoid of cracks and holes with mean size of ~80 nm having -7.53 mV zeta potential. Dose 1 efficiently improved serum glucose levels, tissue-specific expression of Bcl2 and reduced glomerular space and glomerular sclerosis in comparison to hyperglycaemic group. Conclusion: This study essentially validates the potential of NCUR to inhibit DN by reducing blood glucose level and mitigating glomerular apoptosis by selectively promoting Bcl2 protein expression in kidney tissue.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.33 no.2 s.97
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• pp.91-102
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• 2003

This study was performed to investigate the effect of immediate orthodontic force on soft md hard tissues surrounding C-Palatal $Plate^{TM}$ in beagle Dog. Immediately after this appliance was implanted on the midpalate of 4 adult beagle Dogs, 400gm continuous orthodontic force was applied. Experimental animals were euthanized at 8weeks, 18weeks, and 22weeks (including post-removal healing time of 4weeks), and a control animal was euthanized at 8weeks after implantation without orthodontic force application. The appliance and the surrounding tissue were studied radiographically, macroscopically, and histologically. The results were as follows: 1. The lateral radiographs taken after euthanasia showed very slight displacement of the vortical plate in the experimental animals, compared with the control animal. Mobility test of all animals confirmed primary stability without any increase of mobility during experimental period. 2. No pathologic changes were found in the healing condition of covering soft tissue and bone-screw interface in experimental animals as well as a control animal. 3. Osseointegration was achieved in the bone-screw interface in 8weeks after implantation and the amount of osseointegration increased in 18weeks. There was little difference of osseointegration between the compression side and the tension side. 4. In the marginal bone area, slight bone apposition and resorption were found regardless of compression and tension side, while there was no change in the control animal. 5. Both 8week-animal and 18week-animal showed the new bone apposition along the surface of screws which were perforated into the nasal cavity, while the control animal showed no change. 6. After 4weeks of plate removal, the covering epithelium was repaired intactly, while the connective tissue showed loose and irregular rearrangement and the connective tissue capsule remained. The C-Palatal $Plate^{TM}$ manifested sufficient anchorage capacity in the context of histological study as well as clinical outcomes, when immediate orthodontic force was applied after implantation.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.49-58
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• 1986

This study was designed to investigate the irradiation effects on the rat parotid gland, applied to the head and neck region. For this experiment, twenty-four rats, feeded under the even condition, were used as experimental animals. Twenty rats were used for experimental group and the rest were assigned to the control group. The experimental group was singly irradiated with 10Gray through Cobalt-60 radiotherapy device, Picker model 4M 60 (Field size; l2×5㎝, SSD; 50㎝, Depth; 1㎝). The experimental animals of both group were sacrificed each four animals in 2 days, 1week, 2weeks, 3weeks and 4weeks after irradiation. The specimens were examined through the light microscope using the H-E stain and H stain by routin procedure. The other specimens were observed under the fluorescence microscope using the B-O dichroic mirror and Y455 barrier filter after PA-ACH stain. 1. The results of this study were obtained as follows, The parotid acini were severely degenerated and the intraacinar spaces were widened. Within the acini, retained secretory granules and increased fibrosis were observed. Also the shape and the size of the acini showed very irregular atrophic degenerations. 2. The nuclei showed severe pyknosis, displacement and irregular aggregated appearance. 3. The tissue changes of the parotid acini were initiated after 2 days of irradiation and most severely appeared at the second week of irradiation, but almost returned to normal. 4. The salivary ducts of the parotid gland were severely atrophied, discontinued but initiated to regenerated after 3 weeks of irradiation.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.68-73
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• 1990

Fibrous dysplasia is an idiopathic skeletal disorder in which medullary bone is replaced and disturbed by poorly organized, structually unsound fibroosseous tissue, which may produce cortical expansion. When facial bones are involed, considerable esthetic deformity may result. The term monostotic fibrous dysplasia has been applied when one bone is involved : when more than one bone is affected, the term polyostotic used. The polyostotic form may be accomplished by pigmented skin lesion (Jaffe type), or by pigmented skin lesions with endocrine disturbance (Albright syndrome). No general agreement exists on the cause of fibrous dysplasia. A few authors have suggested that fibrous dysplasia arises as a resujlt of trauma. It occurs predominantly in infant, adolescent females and runs a variable clinical course. When several bones are involed, it tends to be unilateral. Involements of alveolar bone may produce displacement of teeth with malocclusion, or loss of teeth, or both. Radiographycally, it shows an indistinctly delimited osteolytic defect with a bubble - like pattern, but without a sclerotic rim. The preferred treatment is almost always surgery. If the lesion is extensive, surgical intervention with use of recontouring procedures aimed at the correction of esthetic or funtional disturbances is preferred treatment. Now, we present a case of fibrous dysplasia on the left maxilla and the zygoma treated by bony contourign via hemicoronal flap and intraoral approach with good results.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.151-160
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• 2012

In medical ultrasound imaging, elasticity imaging helps to diagnose tumors such as cancer. This paper is concerned with the application of acoustic radiation force to soft tissue of interest to implement elasticity imaging. In order to reduce the data acquisition time, instead of relying on transmit focusing, a plane wave of burst type is transmitted to apply the acoustic radiation force simultaneously to an entire imaging region to be observed. A homogeneous phantom experiment confirms that increasing the transmit excitation duration instead of employing transmit focusing generates a high enough acoustic radiation force to obtain elasticity images. It is found, however, that a different displacement versus time characteristic is observed unlike the case of using a conventional focused acoustic radiation force. Experimental results obtained through the use of an ultrasound phantom and a bovine liver show that lesions can be correctly differentiated.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.179-184
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• 2017

Objectives : Despite the applicability of Korean Medicine(KM) treatments for facial asymmetry, no relevant study has been reported. In this case report, we report the effect and safety of KM treatments on facial asymmetry by mandibular lateral displacement. Methods : Three patients suffering from facial asymmetry received twelve KM treatment sessions composed of Motion Style Treatment(MST), Yinyang Balance Appliance(YBA) of Functional Cerebrospinal Therapy(FCST), and Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization(IASTM). The photos of each patient were taken before and after the treatment. And four primary reference lines were assessed before and after the treatment. Results : All subjects were improved after KM treatments on photos. However, no statistical significance was observed. Conclusions : This case report is the first to introduce the effect of KM treatments on facial asymmetry. Further well-designed, randomized, placebo-controlled trials are needed to verify these results.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.217-220
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• 2018

A female Russian rat snake, Elaphe schrenckii, was presented for loss of movement. Physical examination showed the swelling in the area of heart. Radiographic examination revealed cardiomegaly, pericardial effusion, and a soft opacity in the area of swelling. Although pericardiocentesis to remove fluid out from the heart as well as vigorous treatments were given to the Russian rat snake, it died during treatments. Postmortem examination confirmed pericardial effusion of pale yellow, translucent fluid with mild dilation of the right atrium and ventricle. Formalin -fixed paraffin embedded tissue sections were stained with routine H&E and the classical von Kossa's method for histopathological demonstration. Histopathological examination revealed multifocal calcification in myocardium and consists of the displacement of muscular fiber by limy deposits. Congestive heart failure was suspicious for the snake when it was alive. In wild reptiles, muscle degeneration has been reported with nutrition disorders but the present case is the first report of myocardial degeneration in a Russian rat snake and contributes to the rare reports of cardiac disease in snakes.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.611-624
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to analyze the stress distribution of the natural teeth, the implant, the prosthesis and the supporting tissue according to the types of implant and connection modality in the five-unit fixed partial denture with a implant pier abutment. A Two dimensional stress analysis model was constructed to represent a mandible missing the first and second premolars and first molar. The model contained a canine and second molar as abutment teeth and implant pier abutments with and without stress-absorbing element. Finite element models were created and analyzed using software ANSYS 4.4A for IBM 32bit personal computer. The results obtained were as follows. 1. Implant group, compared to the natural teeth group, showed a maximum principal stress at the superior portion of implants and a stress concentration at :he neck and end portion. 2. Maximum principal stress and maximum Von Mises stress were always lower in the case of rigid connection than nonrigid connection. 3. A cylinder type implant with stress absorbing element and screw type implant were generally similar in the stress distribution pattern. 4. A screw type implant, compared to the cylinder type implant, showed a relatively higher stress concentration at both neck and end portion of it. 5. Load B cases showed higher stress concentration on the posterior abutments in the case of nonrigid connector than rigid connector. 6. A maximum displacement was always lower in the case of rigid connection than nonrigid connection. These results suggest that osseointegrated implant can be used as an intermediate abutment.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.210-217
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• 1996

Farfarae Flos, a traditional herb medicine, has been used in Korea and China for many centuries as a treatment for respiratory disease. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of Farfarae Flos on histamine-induced tracheal smooth muscle contraction in rats. Guinea pigs(500g, female) were killed by CO2 exposure and a segment (8-10mm) of the thoracic trachea from each guinea pig was cut into equal segments and mounted 'in pairs' in a tissue bath. Contractile force was measured with force displacement transducers under 0.5g loading tension. The dose of histamine which evoked 50% of maximal response (ED50) was obtained from cumulative dose response curves for histamine (10-7-10-4M). Contractions evoked by histamine(ED50) were inhibited significantly by Farfarae Flos. The mean percent inhibition was 8.7% after 1.5mg/ml Farfarae Flos, and 33.5% (p<0.05) after 5.0mg/ml Farfarae Flos. Propranolol (10-7M) slightly but significantly attenuated the inhibitory effects of Farfarae Flos. Following treatment with propranolol, the mean percent inhibition caused by 5.0mg/ml Farfarae Flos. Indomethacin and methylene blue (10-7M) did not significantly alter the inhibitory effect of Farfarae Flos. These results indicate that Farfarae Flos can relax histamine-induced contraction of guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle, and that this inhibition involves, in part, symphathetic nerve system.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.322-326
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• 2002

Artemisia iwayomogi has been used in Korea for many centuries as a treatment for anemia. The effect of Artemisia iwayomogi on tracheal smooth muscle is not known. The purpose of the present study is to determine the effect of Artemisia iwayomogi on histamine induced tracheal smooth muscle contraction in guinea pigs. Guinea pigs(500g, male) were killed by CO₂ exposure and a segment (8-10mm) of the thoracic trachea from each rat and guinea pig was cut into equal segments and mounted ‘in pairs’ in a tissue bath. Contractile force was measured with force displacement transducers under 0.5g loading tension. The dose of histamine (His) which evoked 50% of maximal response (ED/sub 50/) was obtained from cumulative dose response curves for histamine (10/sup -7/～10/sup -4/M). Contractions evoked by His (ED/sub 50/) were inhibited significantly by Artemisia iwayomogi. In guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle, the mean percent inhibition of histamine induced contraction was 31.9% (p<0.05) after 100㎕/㎖ Artemisia iwayomogi. L-NNA slightly but significantly attenuated the inhibitory effects of Artemisia iwayomogi. Following treatment with L-NNA, the mean percent inhibition caused by 100㎕/㎖ Artemisia iwayomogi fell to 44.6% in guinea pig induced by histamine contraction. Propranolol, indomethacin and methylene blue did not significantly alter the inhibitory effect of Artemisia iwayomogi. These results indicate that Artemisia iwayomogi can relax histamine induced contraction of guinea pig, and that this inhibition related to nitric oxide formation.