• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2012

목적: 세가지 기원의 줄기 세포 분화능과 면역표현형을 평가하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 견봉하 점액낭과 골수, 탯줄 혈액 세 개의 군에서 세포를 채취하였다. 견봉하 점액낭과 골수는 견관절 수술 환자군에게 임상적 동의 하에 수술중 채취하였다. 각각의 채취된 세포 및 탯줄 혈액에 대하여 계대 배양을 시행하여 신경 분화군, 지방 분화군, 골 분화군을 평가하였으며 세포 표면 항체를 밝히기 위해 유동세포분석법을 이용하였다. 결과: 견봉하 점액낭 유래 세포에서는 신경분화와 지방 분화는 8예 모두 (100%)에서, 골분화는 8례 중 5예 (62.5%)에서 성공할 수 있었으며 골수 유래 세포의 경우 신경 및 지방 분화 유도한 6례 및 5예 모두 (100%) 분화에 성공하였으나 골분화 유도는 5예 중 4예 (80%)에서 얻을 수 있었다. 반면 탯줄 유래 세포 분화 연구의 경우 신경 분화 유도 67례 중 65예 (97%)에서 지방 분화 연구 54예 중 29예 (53.7%)에서 골 분화 연구 57예 중 39예 (68.4%)에서 성공할 수 있었다. 결론: 탯줄 유래 줄기세포의 분화능과 비교하였을 때 견봉하 점액낭 및 골수 유래 줄기세포의 분화능이 우수함을 알 수 있으며 이는 향후 세포 치료에 있어서 안정성 있는 치료 제공자가 될 수 있을 것으로 보이며 향후 생체 실험 연구의 참고 자료로서도 가치가 있을 것으로 보인다.

• Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.751-760
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• 2018

BACKGROUND: Bone tissue engineering based on pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) is a new approach to deal with bone defects. Protocols have been developed to generate osteoblasts from PSCs. However, the low efficiency of this process is still an important issue that needs to be resolved. Many studies have aimed to improve efficiency, but developing accurate methods to determine efficacy is also critical. Studies using pluripotency to estimate efficacy are rare. Telomerase is highly associated with pluripotency. METHODS: We have described a quantitative method to measure telomerase activity, telomeric repeat elongation assay based on quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). To investigate whether this method could be used to determine the efficiency of in vitro osteogenic differentiation based on pluripotency, we measured the pluripotency pattern of cultures through stemness gene expression, proliferation ability and telomerase activity, measured by QCM. RESULTS: We showed that the pluripotency pattern determined by QCM was similar to the patterns of proliferation ability and gene expression, which showed a slight upregulation at the late stages, within the context of the general downregulation tendency during differentiation. Additionally, a comprehensive gene expression pattern covering nearly every stage of differentiation was identified. CONCLUSION: Therefore, this assay may be powerful tools for determining the efficiency of differentiation systems based on pluripotency. In this study, we not only introduce a new method for determining efficiency based on pluripotency, but also provide more information about the characteristics of osteogenic differentiation which help facilitate future development of more efficient protocols.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.423-433
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• 2024

Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are a type of adult stem cell present in the dental pulp tissue. They possess a higher proliferative capacity than bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Their ease of collection from patients makes them well-suited for tissue engineering applications, such as tooth and nerve regeneration. Chios gum mastic (CGM), a resin extracted from the stems and leaves of Pistacia lentiscus var. Chia, has garnered attention for its potential in tissue regeneration. This study aims to confirm alterations in cell proliferation rates and induce differentiation in human DPSCs (hDPSCs) through CGM treatment, a substance known for effectively promoting odontogenic differentiation. Administration of CGM to hDPSC cells was followed by an assessment of cell survival, proliferation, and odontogenic differentiation through protein and gene analysis. The study revealed that hDPSCs exhibited low sensitivity to CGM toxicity. CGM treatment induced cell proliferation by activating cell-cycle proteins through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Additionally, the study demonstrated that CGM enhances alkaline phosphatase activation by upregulating the expression of collagen type I, a representative matrix protein of dentin. This activation of markers associated with odontogenic and bone differentiation ultimately facilitated the mineralization of hDPSCs. This study concludes that CGM, as a natural substance, fosters the cell cycle and cell proliferation in hDPSCs. Furthermore, it triggers the transcription of odontogenic and osteogenic markers, thereby facilitating odontogenic differentiation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.588-593
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• 2004

The gene expression of porcine adiponectin and stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) was investigated in this study. The partial gene sequences for adiponectin and SCD were amplified by RT-PCR from subcutaneous adipose tissue and cloned by TA cloning techniques. Sequences of these genes were determined and found to be highly homologous to that of other species, suggesting similar function of these genes as in other species. The transcripts of these adipocyte-related genes in pig tissues were measured by Northern analysis. The transcripts for adiponectin and SCD were highly expressed in porcine subcutaneous adipose tissue; the transcripts for SCD were also barely detected in the liver, but the greatest concentrations were in the adipose tissue. In porcine stromalvascular cells (S/V cells) cultured in vitro, transcripts for adiponectin and SCD increased gradually during adipocyte differentiation. The level of adipocyte adiponectin mRNA was associated with late adipocyte differentiation, indicating the gene may not be involved in adipocyte differentiation but has great importance in porcine adipocyte functions. The SCD transcripts were not detectable until 2 d after induction of adipocyte differentiation. It was highly expressed in differentiating porcine adipocytes (2 to 10 d after the induction of adipocyte differentiation), indicating a significant role of SCD in adipocytes.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.7-10
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• 1971

Haploid cell obta-ined from microspores of Solanum nigrum were cultured on two kinds of medium, "Callus-inducing medium" and "Differentiation medium", in order to conduct histological studies of callus and examine differentiation of plantlets. On the callus-inducing medium the calli grew rapidly. The bulk of callus mass was light brown colored "Wet callus" covered on the surface with thin layers of rough and gleaming "White callus". The wet callus was consisted of parenchyma and meristematic tissues, while the white callus had no meristematic tissues. Large parenchyma cells, by successive divisions, became multicellular or poly nucleate cells which developed later to be meristematic tissues. The calli embedded on the differentiation medium quickly turned to dark brown color. Plantlets, however, came out later from these blackened callus mass. In the callus sectioned about ten weeks after imbedding on the differentiation medium, radially elongated tissue, concentric tissue, epidermis, tracheid-like structure, and plant jprimordia were observed.ure, and plant jprimordia were observed.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

Several studies have investigated the various effects of dexamethasone (Dex) on the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Previously, we reported that co-treatment with L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 maintained differentiation potential in MSCs through expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). In this study, we investigated the effects of co-treatment with FGF-2 and Dex on the proliferation and differentiation potential of MSCs during a 2-month culture period. Co-treatment with FGF-2 and Dex increased approximately a 4.7-fold higher accumulation rate of MSC numbers than that by FGF-2 single treatment during a 2-month culture period. Interestingly, co-treatment with FGF-2 and Dex increased expression of HGF and maintained adipogenic differentiation potential during this culture period. These results suggest that co-treatment with FGF-2 and Dex preserves the proliferation and differentiation potential during long-term culture.

• Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.735-750
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• 2018

BACKGROUND: The major challenge of tissue engineering is to develop constructions with suitable properties which would mimic the natural extracellular matrix to induce the proliferation and differentiation of cells. Poly(${\varepsilon}$-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(${\varepsilon}$-caprolactone) (PCL-PEG-PCL, PCEC), chitosan (CS), nano-silica ($n-SiO_2$) and nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) are biomaterials successfully applied for the preparation of 3D structures appropriate for tissue engineering. METHODS: We evaluated the effect of n-HA and $n-SiO_2$ incorporated PCEC-CS nanofibers on physical properties and osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, thermogravimetric analysis, contact angle and mechanical test were applied to evaluate the physicochemical properties of nanofibers. Cell adhesion and proliferation of hDPSCs and their osteoblastic differentiation on nanofibers were assessed using MTT assay, DAPI staining, alizarin red S staining, and QRT-PCR assay. RESULTS: All the samples demonstrated bead-less morphologies with an average diameter in the range of 190-260 nm. The mechanical test studies showed that scaffolds incorporated with n-HA had a higher tensile strength than ones incorporated with $n-SiO_2$. While the hydrophilicity of $n-SiO_2$ incorporated PCEC-CS nanofibers was higher than that of samples enriched with n-HA. Cell adhesion and proliferation studies showed that n-HA incorporated nanofibers were slightly superior to $n-SiO_2$ incorporated ones. Alizarin red S staining and QRT-PCR analysis confirmed the osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs on PCEC-CS nanofibers incorporated with n-HA and $n-SiO_2$. CONCLUSION: Compared to other groups, PCEC-CS nanofibers incorporated with 15 wt% n-HA were able to support more cell adhesion and differentiation, thus are better candidates for bone tissue engineering applications.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.593-599
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• 2012

Background This study aimed to investigate the possibility of isolating mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from human thigh adipose tissue and the ability of human thigh adipose stem cells (HTASCs) to differentiate into hepatocytes. Methods The adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were isolated from thigh adipose tissue. Growth factors, cytokines, and hormones were added to the collagen coated dishes to induce the undifferentiated HTASCs to differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells. To confirm the experimental results, the expression of hepatocyte-specific markers on undifferentiated and differentiated HTASCs was analyzed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemical staining. Differentiation efficiency was evaluated using functional tests such as periodic acid schiff (PAS) staining and detection of the albumin secretion level using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The majority of the undifferentiated HTASCs were changed into a more polygonal shape showing tight interactions between the cells. The differentiated HTASCs up-regulated mRNA of hepatocyte markers. Immunocytochemical analysis showed that they were intensely stained with anti-albumin antibody compared with undifferentiated HTASCs. PAS staining showed that HTASCs submitted to the hepatocyte differentiation protocol were able to more specifically store glycogen than undifferentiated HTASCs, displaying a purple color in the cytoplasm of the differentiated HTASCs. ELISA analyses showed that differentiated HTASCs could secrete albumin, which is one of the hepatocyte markers. Conclusions MSCs were islolated from human thigh adipose tissue differentiate to heapatocytes. The source of ADSCs is not only abundant abdominal adipose tissue, but also thigh adipose tissue for cell therapy in liver regeneration and tissue regeneration.

• 대한생식의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한불임학회 2006년도 The 5th Biannual Meeting of Pacific Rim Society for Fertility and Sterility
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• pp.168.2-168.2
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• 2006

• BMB Reports
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• 제49권12호
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• pp.655-661
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• 2016

Polymer brush is a soft material unit tethered covalently on the surface of scaffolds. It can induce functional and structural modification of a substrate's properties. Such surface coating approach has attracted special attentions in the fields of stem cell biology, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine due to facile fabrication, usability of various polymers, extracellular matrix (ECM)-like structural features, and in vivo stability. Here, we summarized polymer brush-based grafting approaches comparing self-assembled monolayer (SAM)-based coating method, in addition to physico-chemical characterization techniques for surfaces such as wettability, stiffness/elasticity, roughness, and chemical composition that can affect cell adhesion, differentiation, and proliferation. We also reviewed recent advancements in cell biological applications of polymer brushes by focusing on stem cell differentiation and 3D supports/implants for tissue formation. Understanding cell behaviors on polymer brushes in the scale of nanometer length can contribute to systematic understandings of cellular responses at the interface of polymers and scaffolds and their simultaneous effects on cell behaviors for promising platform designs.