• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.130-136
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• 2012

The GroEL heat-shock protein from Fusobacterium nucleatum, a periodontopathogen, activates risk factors for atherosclerosis in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) and ApoE-/- mice. In this study, we analyzed the signaling pathways by which F. nucleatum GroEL induces the proinflammatory factors in HMEC-1 cells known to be risk factors associated with the development of atherosclerosis and identified the cellular receptor used by GroEL. The MAPK and NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling pathways were found to be activated by GroEL to induce the expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin, and tissue factor (TF). These effects were inhibited by a TLR4 knockdown. Our results thus indicate that TLR4 is a key receptor that mediates the interaction of F. nucleatum GroEL with HMEC-1 cells and subsequently induces an inflammatory response via the MAPK and NF-${\kappa}B$ pathways.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.524-530
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• 2013

In this study, we describe the most expected behavior of cells on the modified surface and the correlation between the modified substrates and the response of cells. The physicochemical characteristics of substrates played an essential role in the adhesion and proliferation of cells. Glass and polymer substrates were modified using air plasma oxidation, and the surfaces were coated with self-assembled monolayer molecules of silanes. The PDMS substrates embedded with parallel micropatterns were used for evaluation of the effect of topologically modified substrate on cellular behaviour. BALB/3T3 fibroblast cells were cultured on different surfaces with distinct wettability and topology, and the growth rates and morphological change of cells were analyzed. Finally, we found the optimum conditions for the adhesion and proliferation of cells on the modified surface. This study will provide insight into the cell-surface interaction and contribute to tissue engineering applications.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.36-39
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• 2022

Background: Acupotomy is a type of acupuncture where a scalpel-shaped needle (miniscalpel needle) is used instead of a normal acupuncture needle to exfoliate adhesion sites or to relax entrapped regions. This study aimed to identify the descriptive characteristics of patients who received acupotomy treatment at a single Korean Medicine Clinic. Methods: This retrospective review analyzed the medical charts of patients who had received acupotomy at least once from August 2017 to December 2019 at a single Korean Medicine Clinic. The demographic characteristics, chief complaints, acupotomy treatment sites, and principal diagnosis codes were analyzed. Results: We identified 551 outpatients; the average age was 52 ± 14.26 years and 49.9% were male. The patients underwent an average of 8.47 sessions of acupotomy. Altogether, 35.91% of the acupotomy treatments were administered to the spinal regions, of which 60.01% were in the lumbar region. The codes related to the lumbar spinal condition/disease which were used most frequently. The chief complaints were dizziness, lumbar spinal stenosis, and Dupuytren's contracture in patients over 60 years of age. Conclusion: This is the 1^st analysis of acupotomy treatment patterns in Korea to date. Acupotomy is primarily administered in the treatment of spinal conditions/diseases, especially for those involving the lumbar region. Future studies are necessary to determine the clinical outcomes of patients who receive acupotomy treatment and the safety of this treatment.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.181-186
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• 2023

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report case of hypergranulation tissue that occurred after laparotomy and dissected by CO₂ laser. Methods : A 72-year-old female had hypergranulation tissue on the epigastrium. Local anesthesia was achieved with bufonis venenum pharmacopuncture. The CO₂ laser was used for dissection. After removal of granulation, irrigation with soyeom pharmacopuncture solution and simple interrupted suture were performed. Yeonkyopaedok-san were administered for 7 days and the suture was removed after 14 days. At last, saengkigo was applied. Results : Hypergranulation tissue sized 1.0×1.0×1.0cm was clearly removed. Including excessive growing of granulation tissue, adverse effects were not reported until the clear skin adhesion. Conclusions : Hypergranulation tissue was surgically removed and sutured completely without any complications by using pharmacopuncture, oral herbal medicine and ointment that have anti-inflammatory effects and wound healing. Through this study, it is hoped that surgery including suture will be actively performed in more diverse diseases in the Korean medicine community.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.353-358
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• 2009

Unilateral ureteronephrectomy was performed in a dog presented with unilateral hydroureter and hydronephrosis. On laparotomy, severe adhesion of the dorsomedial border of the affected kidney to the abdominal aorta longitudinally and caudal pole of the kidney firmly to the ipsilateral ovary were observed. Since it was not possible to ligate the renal artery and vein separately due to severe adhesion tissue, two mass ligations were applied in the medial border of kidney, and the adhesion tissue was transected distal to each ligature. Then, blunt and sharp dissections were performed to isolate dorsomedial border of the kidney from the abdominal aorta, but they brought out unexpected hemorrhage caused by incision of renal artery and it has been suspected that two mass ligations could not include renal artery, which was adhered to dorsomedial border of the kidney. The hemorrhage was controlled by double ligations and electrocautery. In this case report, we recommend that if isolation of renal vessels is impossible due to strict adhesion of kidney to adjacent tissue, the mass ligation could be chosen to isolate and exteriorize the kidney and placed carefully not only at medial border of the kidney, where the renal vessels come into the kidney anatomically but also additional border of the kidney where adhesion tissues are formed.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2001

The pathophysiology of Hirschsprung's disease (HD) is not fully understood, but recent studies have disclosed that neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) play important roles in the formation of aganglionic bowel of Hirschsprung's disease. To evaluate the roles of NCAM and GDNF in HD, immunohistochemical analysis was performed using formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue sections. On the basis of the results, we tried to evaluate them as diagnostic markers. The specimens were obtained from 7 patients with HD who underwent modified Duhamel operation. The diagnosis was based on the clinical findings and the absence of ganglion cells in the nerve plexuses by routine microscopy. NCAM immunoreactivity was found in the nerve plexuses and scattered nerve fibers in the smooth muscle layers of ganglionic segments. In aganglionic segments, the number of NCAM positive nerve fibers in the smooth muscle layers was significantly reduced compared with ganglionic segments. In two cases the nerve plexuses in aganglionic segments, NCAM was negligible. The smooth muscle cells showed diffuse immunoreactivity for GDNF and the staining intensity was not different in the aganglionic and ganglionic segments. However, higher expression of GDNF in the nerve plexus of the ganglionic segments was noted comparing to aganglionic segments. These data suggest that both NCAM and GDNF may play important roles in pathogenesis of Hirschsprung's disease and immunohistochemical staining for NCAM can be used as an ancillary diagnostic tool for HD.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2005

It becomes more concerned that the cell adhesion molecule plays an important role in the process of malignant transformation and tumor behaviors including invasive growth and metastasis. It is postulated if the expression of adhesion molecule is reduced in tumor tissue, the tumor cell will be undifferentiated and lose their cell adhesion ability and polarity. So the tumor cells lost the adhesion of cell to cell and to basement membrane that they became more aggressive. Reduced cadherin expression enhances invasiveness through infiltrative growth and metastasis of tumor cells is well known and mostly accepted in many epithelia tumors. We explored the expression of E-cadherin by immunohistochemical staining in 50 oral squamous cell carcinomas and investigated the correlation between the expression of E-cadherin and clinicopathologic parameters and prognosis. The expression of E-cadherin was reduced in 40/50(80%) of primary tumors, and 21/22(95.5%) of lymph nodes. The reduced expression of the E-cadherin was associated with lymph node metastasis(P=0.029), invasive mode(P=0.030) and marginal status(P=0.038). Survival analysis showed that predictive period of E-cadherin reduced group(37 months) was lower than that of E-cadherin preserved group(60 months), but there was no statistical significant difference.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.298-306
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• 2017

Background: Compound K (CK) is a bioactive derivative of ginsenoside Rb1 in Panax ginseng (Korean ginseng). Its biological and pharmacological activities have been studied in various disease conditions, although its immunomodulatory role in innate immunity mediated by monocytes/macrophages has been poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the regulatory role of CK on cellular events mediated by monocytes and macrophages in innate immune responses. Methods: The immunomodulatory role of CK was explored by various immunoassays including cell-cell adhesion, fibronectin adhesion, cell migration, phagocytic uptake, costimulatory molecules, reactive oxygen species production, luciferase activity, and by the measurement of mRNA levels of proinflammatory genes. Results: Compound K induced cell cluster formation through cell-cell adhesion, cell migration, and phagocytic activity, but it suppressed cell-tissue interactions in U937 and RAW264.7 cells. Compound K also upregulated the surface expression of the cell adhesion molecule cluster of differentiation (CD) 43 (CD43) and costimulatory molecules CD69, CD80, and CD86, but it downregulated the expression of monocyte differentiation marker CD82 in RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, CK induced the release of reactive oxygen species and induced messenger RNA expression of proinflammatory genes, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by enhancing the nuclear translocation and transcriptional activities of nuclear factor kappa-B and activator protein-1. Conclusion: Our results suggest that CK has an immunomodulatory role in innate immune responses through regulating various cellular events mediated by monocytes and macrophages.

• International Journal of Stem Cells
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.70-79
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• 2024

The efficacy of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) on myocardial infarction is limited due to poor survival and engraftment. Integrin-mediated cell adhesion is a prerequisite for its survival and homing. ASCs expressed insufficient integrin 𝛼₄, limiting their homing capacity. This study aims to characterize integrin 𝛼₄⁺ ASC subpopulation and investigate their therapeutic efficacy in myocardial infarction. We used fluorescence-activated cell sorting to harvest integrin 𝛼₄⁺ ASCs subpopulation, which were characterized in vitro and transplanted into myocardial infarction model. Positron emission tomography imaging were performed to measure infarction size. Cardiac cine magnetic resonance imaging was used to evaluate heart contractile function. Compared with the unfractionated ASCs, integrin 𝛼₄⁺ ASCs subpopulation secreted a higher level of angiogenic growth factors, migrated more rapidly, and exhibited a stronger anti-apoptotic capacity. Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 was obviously up-regulated at 3 days after myocardial infarction, which interacted with integrin α₄ receptor on the surface of ASCs to enhance the survival and adhesion. Thus, we implanted unfractionated ASCs or integrin α₄⁺ ASCs subpopulation into the 3-day infarcted myocardium. Integrin α₄⁺ ASCs subpopulation exhibited more robust engraftment into the infarcted myocardium. Integrin α₄⁺ ASCs subpopulation more effectively decreased infarct size and strengthen cardiac function recovery than did the unfractionated ASCs. Integrin α₄⁺ ASCs subpopulation is superior to unfractionated ASCs in ameliorating ischemic myocardial damage in animal model. Mechanistically, their more robust engraftment into the infarct area, higher migratory capacity and their increased release of paracrine factors contribute to enhanced tissue repair.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.185-191
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• 1993

Background: Intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) is a 90 kD surface glycoprotein, associated with ${\alpha}_L{\beta}_2$ and ${\alpha}_M{\beta}_2$ subunit of integrins, that serve as cell-cell and cell-substratum adhesion molecules and help regulate cellular morphology, differentiation, and proliferation. The adhesion molecules likely play important roles in maintaining the normal structure and function of the lung. ICAM-1 system among many cell adhesion molecules is importantly issuing in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Methods : By using $IgG_1$ monoclonal antibody for ICAM-1, we investigated immunohistochemically the expression of ICAM-1 in the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of the 3 normal cases and 6 pieces of tissues taken 3 cases with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Results : In the 3 normal cases, the expressions of ICAM-1 were not discernible. Up-regulation of the ICAM-1 expression was showed in the interstitial fibroblast cells of alveolar septa in 5 pieces and proliferated alveolar pneumocytes in 1 piece among 6 pieces of tissues taken 3 cases with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Conclusion : It was concluded from these findings that up-regulation of the ICAM-1 expression may be related to pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.