• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 1974

The author has observed the distribution of the tissue mast cells in 67 various tumors and precancerous lesions which occurred in the oral cavity. The specimcns ware obtained from the department of oral pathology, college of dentistry, Seoul National University, from Jan. 1970 to June, 1973. The results are as follows: 1) The number of the tissue mast cell was decrease predominantly in malignant tumors, especially in squamous cell carcinomas and in sarcomas. 2) The number of the tissue mast cell distirbution in adenocarcinomas one of malignant group was sligtly increased in with healthy oral mucosa. 3) The number of tissue mast cells in ameloblastomas one of benign group of the tumor of epithelial originwas more decreased than that in healthy oral mucosa. 4) The number of tissue mast cells in fibromas was more than that in healthy oral mucosa. 5) The number of the tissue mast cells in mixed tumors was increased one and a half times as many as that in healthy oral mucosa. 6) The number of the tissue mast cells in mixed tumors was increased one and a half times as many as that in healthy oral mucosa. 7) The tissue mast cell distribution can be observed more densly in the stroma of tumors than in the parenchyme of tumors.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2005

A novel imaging system for High-resolution Ultrasonic Transmission Tomography (HUTT) and soft tissue differentiation methodology for the HUTT system are presented. The critical innovation of the HUTT system includes the use of sub-millimeter transducer elements for both transmitter and receiver arrays and multi-band analysis of the first-arrival pulse. The first-arrival pulse is detected and extracted from the received signal (i.e., snippet) at each azimuthal and angular location of a mechanical tomographic scanner in transmission mode. Each extracted snippet is processed to yield a multi-spectral vector of attenuation values at multiple frequency bands. These vectors form a 3-D sinogram representing a multi-spectral augmentation of the conventional 2-D sinogram. A filtered backprojection algorithm is used to reconstruct a stack of multi-spectral images for each 2-D tomographic slice that allow tissue characterization. A novel methodology for soft tissue differentiation using spectral target detection is presented. The representative 2-D and 3-D HUTT images formed at various frequency bands demonstrate the high-resolution capability of the system. It is shown that spherical objects with diameter down to 0.3㎜ can be detected. In addition, the results of soft tissue differentiation and characterization demonstrate the feasibility of quantitative soft tissue analysis for possible detection of lesions or cancerous tissue.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 2017

Mechanical property of tissue is closely related to diseases such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, cirrhosis of the liver, and atherosclerosis. Therefore measurement of tissue mechanical property is important for a better diagnosis. Ultrasound elastography has been developed as a diagnostic modality for a number of diseases that maps mechanical property of tissue. Optical coherence elastography (OCE) has a higher spatial resolution than ultrasound elastography. OCE, therefore, could be a great help for early diagnosis. In this study, we made tissue phantoms and measured their compressive moduli with a rheometer measuring the response to applied force. Uniaxial strain of the tissue phantom was also measured with OCE by using cross-correlation of speckles and compared with the results from the rheometer. In order to compare stiffness of tissue phantoms by OCE, the applied force should be measured in addition to the strain. We, however, did not use a load cell that directly measures the applied force for each sample. Instead, we utilized one silicone film (called as reference phantom) for all OCE measurements that indirectly indicated the amount of the applied force by deformation. Therefore, all measurements were based on displacement, which was natural and effective for image-based elastography such as OCE.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.81-86
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• 2019

Deep learning is emerging as one of the best tool in processing data related to medical imaging. In our research work, we have proposed a deep learning based framework CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) for the classification of dysplastic tissue images. The CNN has classified the given images into 4 different classes namely normal tissue, mild dysplastic tissue, moderate dysplastic tissue and severe dysplastic tissue. The dataset under taken for the study consists of 672 tissue images of epithelial squamous layer of oral cavity captured out of the biopsy samples of 52 patients. After applying the data pre-processing and augmentation on the given dataset, 2688 images were created. Further, these 2688 images were classified into 4 categories with the help of expert Oral Pathologist. The classified data was supplied to the convolutional neural network for training and testing of the proposed framework. It has been observed that training data shows 91.65% accuracy whereas the testing data achieves 89.3% accuracy. The results produced by our proposed framework are also tested and validated by comparing the manual results produced by the medical experts working in this area.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.26-35
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• 2017

Obesity is a worldwide problem that is associated with metabolic disorders. Obesity is caused by the accumulation of an abnormal amount of body fat in adipose tissue. Adipose tissue is a major metabolic organ, and it has been classified as either white adipose tissue (WAT) or brown adipose tissue (BAT). WAT and BAT are characterized by different anatomical locations, morphological structures, functions, and gene expression patterns. WAT is mainly involved in the storage and mobilization of energy in the form of triglycerides. On the other hand, BAT specializes in dissipating energy as heat through uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1)-mediated non-shivering thermogenesis. Novel type of brown-like adipocyte within WAT called beige/brite cells was recently discovered, and this transdifferentiation process is referred to as the "browning" or "britening" of WAT. Recently, Brown fat and/or browning of WAT have been highlights as a new therapeutic target for treatment of obesity and its related metabolic disorders. Here, we describe recent advances in the study of BAT and browning of WAT, focusing on proteomic approaches.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Mechanical Technology
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.770-775
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• 2018

In this study, the characteristics of muscle relaxation were analyzed by the experimental and numerical method. A skin tissue was produced by imitational biological tissue using the agar powder, saline solution and sugar. The tissue was exposed to three types of wavelength-blue visible radiation(410 nm), red visible radiation(635 nm), and infrared ray(830 nm). The temperature results along the depth of tissue were measured according to the variation of light wavelength and irradiation time. The temperature change of the tissue shown up similar pattern regardless of the light wavelength kinds. The wavelength of infrared ray penetrated strongly into tissue between 3.2 mm and 11.4 mm. Also, the temperature change with the irradiation time was small, and the temperature value of the infrared ray was the largest. As a result, the muscle relaxation will occur mainly at the infrared wavelength.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.1089-1099
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• 2021

With the development of sequencing technology, numerous, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been discovered and annotated. Increasing evidence has shown that lncRNAs play an essential role in regulating many biological and pathological processes, especially in cancer. However, there have been few studies on the roles of lncRNAs in livestock production. In animal products, meat quality and lean percentage are vital economic traits closely related to adipose tissue deposition. However, adipose tissue accumulation is also a pivotal contributor to obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and many other diseases, as demonstrated by human studies. In livestock production, the mechanism by which lncRNAs regulate adipose tissue deposition is still unclear. In addition, the phenomenon that different animal species have different adipose tissue accumulation abilities is not well understood. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of lncRNAs and their four functional archetypes and review the current knowledge about lncRNA functions in adipose tissue deposition in livestock species. This review could provide theoretical significance to explore the functional mechanisms of lncRNAs in adipose tissue accumulation in animals.

• Medical Lasers
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.146-152
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• 2021

Background and Objectives Although lasers have been widely applied in tissue treatment, the light penetration depth in tissues is limited by the tissue turbidity and affected by its absorption and scattering characteristics. This study investigated the effect of using an optical clearing agent (OCA) on tissue to improve the therapeutic effect of 1064 nm wavelength laser light by reducing the heat generated on the skin surface and increasing the penetration depth. Materials and Methods A diode laser (λ = 1064 nm) was applied to a porcine specimen with and without OCA to investigate the penetration depth of the laser light and temperature distribution. A numerical simulation using the finite element method was performed to investigate the temperature distribution of the specimen compared to ex-vivo experiments using a thermocouple and double-integrating sphere to measure the temperature profile and optical properties of the tissue, respectively. Results Simulation results showed a decrease in tissue surface temperature with increased penetration depth when the OCA was applied. Furthermore, both absorption and scattering coefficients decreased with the application of OCA. In ex-vivo experiments, temperatures decreased for the tissue surface and the fat layer with the OCA, but not for the muscle layer. Conclusion The use of an OCA may be helpful for reducing surface heat generation and enhance the light penetration depth in various near-infrared laser treatments.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.378-383
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• 2021

Conjoined twins are rare, and each set of conjoined twins has a unique conjoined anatomy. It is necessary to perform separation to increase the chance of patient survival. Tissue expansion is an advanced technique for providing sufficient soft tissue and skin for wound closure. We report the successful application of rapid tissue expansion in 10-month-old xipho-omphalopagus conjoined twins in Vietnam. A tissue expander was placed on the anterior body between the sternum and umbilicus with a baseline of 70 mL sterile saline (0.9% NaCl). The first injection into the tissue expander began on the 6th day after expander insertion, and injections continued every 2 days with approximately 30-70 mL per injection according to the expansion of the skin. The expander reached 335 mL after six injections and within 10 days. In order to prepare for surgical separation, expansion was completed on the 15th day after insertion. The expanded skin area was estimated to be 180 cm², which was sufficient to cover both patients' skin deficiencies. The twins presented for surgical separation 6 days following the completion of tissue expansion. Both babies were discharged in good health 1 month after separation.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.24 no.3 s.46
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• pp.547-554
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• 1994

This study was carried out in order to find out the soft tissue profile changes associated with maxillary incisor retraction in Angle's class I malocclusion patients. For this study fifty two female adult patients (Maximum Retraction Group 23, Minimum Retraction Group 29) who received orthodontic treatment were chosen. Following conclusions were obtained by analysing the changes of soft tissue and hard tissue before and after treatment. 1. When considering the mean changes of soft tissue and hard tissue, UP, LIP, Ls, Li (p<0.001), Point B, Si (p<0.01), Point A, Ss (p<0.05) were significant posterior movement in Maximum Retraction Group and UIP (p<0.001), LIP, Ls, Li (p<0.01), Point B, Si (p<0.05) were significant posterior movement in Minimum Retraction Group. 2. When considering the correlations between hard tissue and soft tissue changes, greater correlations were found in Minimum Retraction Group between UIP and Ls (p<0.01), Point A and Ss, UIP and Li, Point B and Si (p<0.05) than Minimum Retraction Group. 3. Correlations (p<0.01) were found between upper incisor retraction and posterior movement of the upper and lower lip in Thin Lip-Thickness Group, whereas no significant correlations were found in Thick Lip-Thickness Group. 4. Mean changes of the soft tissue thickness subsequent to incisor retraction were increased (p<0.01) in upper lip (Ls-Ls'), whereas no changes were found in lower lip.