• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.465-471
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• 2016

An IPTV has emerged as a widespread system when a realtime network and broadcasting system have progressed. Interestingly, it can also be organized with IPTV STBs and FC-AL for a high-quality TV content-sharing architecture. It is, however, not easy to configure a large community network with the FC-AL since it only has a 7-bit address space with supporting up to 127 users in the FC-AL single loop. We, therefore, propose an extendible FC-AL-based IPTV network architecture using a FC switch device. In this article, our suggested architecture shows a superb startup delay, such as less than 20msec. In addition, it demonstrates outstanding extendibility, such that the number of accomodable users increases almost linearly according to adding loops. Lastly, it reveals exceptional time-shifting hours, i. e., which supports more than 140 hours with 1000 users.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.125-133
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• 2014

While shifting from modern society to post-industrial society, social structure is changing from the period which pursues material affluence to that which pursues psychological abundance. Formation of various values along with pursuit of psychological abundance has made the illusion of standardization, massification, and popularization meaningless. Different from functionality oriented approach in the past, today's design requires diversified, multiple and integrated thinking and way in fast-changing social phenomena and stream, and lets human loose from the restriction of time and space thanks to technological development. It appears as new and various attempts along with paradigm shift of the wholle society, however the existing physical and actual things gradually transit to non-physical and non-actual things. Tendency of dematerialization has spread as far as esthetic and environmental genre on the basis of social and philosophical base along with change of consumption culture, and has displayed complex and de-genre aspect. Paradigm shift has expanded the range of communication by changing to user's independent awareness and sensitive concept, among them, light displays various changes of space by taking the role of new medium. Particularly, the light as the media expression beyond the phenomenon of light of traditional concept acts as an essential element to stimulate sensitivity and for experience as an immaterial element which shows this change of space most dramatically. This research aimed at recognizing space in complex dimension, exploring the relation between the light and space through media expression displayed in the realization of immateriality, expanding the meaning of light, and recognizing it as the possibility of creative and future-oriented light space creation which responds to technological development and social change.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.141-150
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• 2001

Within a context of rapid technological change and shifting market conditions, the education environment requires new paradigm of education delivery. In accordance of such a technological progress, distance education system, which makes the learning take place at anytime anywhere, overcoming barriers of time, or distance, is emerging as a mainstream of education delivery replacing the convectional one way delivery system from instructor to learners. This paper aims to introduce the development principle and algorithm about Instructional System Desgin(ISD) module, a part of a total solution for distance education services. It was developed on Linux, a free Unix-type operating system. Linux supports so various network protocols, sharing the network resources in a smooth way, that it is able to integrate with other operating system very easily, especially with Windows NT or Windows 2000 servers. In terms of quality, it never falls behind the windows products which are commercially available only. It is a right operating system for the such a school environment that is usually limited in budgets. The development environment of the distance education solution to which ISD module belongs is composing of Apache server for web server, lava bean based on components for ISD module, PHP, server-side scripting language, for HTML documents and MySQL for DBMS.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.331-336
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• 2007

Objective : The aim of this study was to analyze the treatment results and prognostic factors in patients with massive cerebral infarction who underwent decompressive craniectomy. Methods : From January 2000 to December 2005, we performed decompressive craniectomy in 24 patients with massive cerebral infarction. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records, radiological findings, initial clinical assessment using the Glasgow Coma Scale, serial computerized tomography (CT) with measurement of midline and septum pellucidum shift, and cerebral infarction territories. Patients were evaluated based on the following factors : the pre- and post-operative midline shifting on CT scan, infarction area or its dominancy, consciousness level, pupillary light reflex and Glasgow Outcome Scale. Results : All 24 patients (11 men, 13 women; mean age, 63 years; right middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory, 17 patients; left MCA territory, 7 patients) were treated with large decompressive craniectomy and duroplasty. The average time interval between the onset of symptoms and surgical decompression was 2.5 days. The mean Glasgow Coma Scale was 12.4 on admission and 8.3 preoperatively. Of the 24 surgically treated patients, the good outcome group (Group 2 : GOS 4-5) comprised 9 cases and the poor outcome group (Group1 : GOS 1-3) comprised 15 cases. Conclusion : We consider decompressive craniectomy for large hemispheric infarction as a life-saving procedure. Good preoperative GCS, late clinical deterioration, small size of the infarction area, absence of anisocoria, and preoperative midline shift less than 11mm were considered to be positive predictors of good outcome. Careful patient selection based on the above-mentioned factors and early operation may improve the functional outcome of surgical management for large hemispheric infarction.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.135-147
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• 2020

Objectives : This study focuses on the condition Yinynagjiao, which was first mentioned in 『Huangdineijing』, on the cause, mechanism and reason for it being described as fatal. Later doctors's understanding and treatment of this condition were examined subsequently. Methods : Verses related to Yinyangjiao from texts such as 『Huangdineijing』, 『Jinkuiyuhanjing』, 『Maijing』 were cross-examined focusing on their context and difference in expression with reference to annotations and later texts that mention Yinyangjiao. Based on the findings, its mechanism and treatment methods as found in Wenbing texts were compared with descriptions from previous texts. Results & Conclusions : According to 『Huangdineijing』, heat disease belongs to the Shanghan category, treated through promoting perspiration. In the confrontational position between JingQi and XieQi, perspiration could be understood as the result of JingQi's victory that lead to the discharge of XieQi in the form of sweat. Yinyangjiao is the opposite situation where Jing is discharged while heat toxin sinks into the body, thus being fatal, and treatment aimed for perspiration not adequately addressing the main problem which was ultimately expected to resolve through means of solid Yin Jing that would stabilize the pulse in due time. On the other hand, Wenbing scholars saw the pathogen as heat, shifting previous perspectives entirely. As a result, instead of applying pungent/warm medicinals to promote sweating, they suggested the use of cool, sweet/moist medicinals to cool the heat and nourish Yin as means of treating the condition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.675-678
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• 2018

Since the face has a unique property to identify human, the face recognition is actively used in a security area and an authentication area such as access control, criminal search, and CCTV. The frontal face image has the most face information. Therefore, it is necessary to acquire the front face image as much as possible for face recognition. In this study, the face region is detected using the Adaboost algorithm using Haar-like feature and tracks it using the mean-shifting algorithm. Then, the feature points of the facial elements such as the eyes and the mouth are extracted from the face region, and the ratio of the two eyes and degree of rotation of the face is calculated using their geographical information, and the approximate front face image is presented in real time.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.199-204
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• 1998

To increase the storage density in hologram recording, a simple scheme to obtain rotational, angular and spatial multiplexing efficiently at the same time is proposed and experimented. Both rotational multiplexing and angular multiplexing are obtained by controlling the reference beam directly by use of a pair of wedge prisms, while spatial multiplexing is obtained by shifting the recording medium in the recording plane. It is possible to get both an acute-angle geometry, in which the angle between the signal and reference beams is less than 90$^{\circ}$, and a 90$^{\circ}$ geometry, in which the angle is approximately 90$^{\circ}$. In experiment, 180 holograms were multiplexed with an acute-angle geometry where a photopolymer was used for the recording medium, and 147 holograms with 90$^{\circ}$ geometry where a Fe-doped LiNbO$_3$ crystal was used. The proposed scheme makes it easy it easy to realize a practical holographic memory system by simplifying the control of three complex mechanical motions that are necessary for the three multiplexing techniques.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.277-291
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• 2012

Aquaculture is challenged by a number of constraints with future efforts towards sustainable production. Global climate change has a potential damage to the sustainability by changing environmental surroundings unfavorably. The damaging parameters identified are water temperature, sea level, surface physical energy, precipitation, solar radiation, ocean acidification, and so on. Of them, temperature, mostly temperature elevation, occupies significant concern among marine ecologists and aquaculturists. Ocean acidification particularly draws shellfish aquaculturists' attention as it alters the marine chemistry, shifting the equilibrium towards more dissolved CO2 and hydrogen ions ($H^+$) and thus influencing signaling pathways on shell formation, immune system, and other biological processes. Temperature elevation by climate change is of double-sidedness: it can be an opportunistic parameter besides being a generally known damaging parameter in aquaculture. It can provide better environments for faster and longer growth for aquaculture species. It is also somehow advantageous for alleviation of aquaculture expansion pressure in a given location by opening a gate for new species and aquaculture zone expansion northward in the northern hemisphere, otherwise unavailable due to temperature limit. But in the science of climate change, the ways of influence on aquaculture are complex and ambiguous, and hence are still hard to identify and quantify. At the same time considerable parts of our knowledge on climate change effects on aquaculture are from the estimates from data of fisheries and agriculture. The consequences may be different from what they really are, particularly in the temperature region. In reality, bivalves and tunicates hung or caged in the longline system are often exposed to temperatures higher than those they encounter in nature, locally driving the farmed shellfish into an upper tolerable temperature extreme. We review recent climate change and following environment changes which can be factors or potential factors affecting shellfish aquaculture production in the temperate region.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.53-65
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• 2010

Apartment buildings represent the most typical patterns of housing in Korea. The present plans are very different from the previous ones when they appeared for the first time. Although apartment unit plans has changed drastically, they can be classified into several categories. Apartment unit plans reflects the demands of living activities and space dimensions of unit plans have the characteristics of diachronic continuity and carry the values of living culture. Thus this study aims to provide the statistical dimensional data of each room that can be actually used for the design of unit plans by sub-grouping typical unit plans. The statistical data of this study showed that apartment unit plans are shifting from 2bay/3room type to 3bay/3room type in 1990s. It is very peculiar that the typical unit plan of $60\;m^2$ area becomes to resemble that of $85\;m^2$ area. The space arrangement of typical unit plans of both $60\;m^2$ and $85\;m^2$ area is almost identical while only their space dimensions differ slightly. As the mean/mode/median values of space dimensions in a typical unit plan are converging into a range of narrow margin, space dimensions of typical unit plan are contended to be strictly regular. The statistical numeric data of various space dimensions provided in this paper can be applied practically to the design of apartment unit plans for low income class people who are disprivileged in the society.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.113-120
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• 2006

C4I system is the centerpiece of the military force. The system is an information based system which facilitates information grid, collection of data and dissemination of the information. The C4I system seeks to assure information dominance by linking warfighting elements in the battlespace to information network which enables sharing of battlespace information and awareness; thereby shifting concept of warfare from platform-centric paradigm to Network Centric Warfare. Although, it is evident that C4I system is a constant target from the adversaries, the issues of vulnerability via cyberspace from attack still remains. Therefore, the protection of C4I system is critical. The roadmap I have constructed in this paper will guide through the direction to protect the system during peace and war time. Moreover, it will propose vision, objectives and necessary supporting framework to secure the system from the threat. In order to fulfill these tasks, enhanced investments and plans from the Joint chief of Staff and Defense of Acquisition and Program Administration (DAPA) is critical; thereby enabling the establishment of rapid and efficient security system.