• 대한수의학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.391-398
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• 1995

This study was carried to investigate the usefulness of the radiopaque material as the GI transition and disintegration test of enteric coated capsules radiologically. The obtained results were as follows; 1. The GI transition times that the enteric coated capsules pass through the pylorus were that the time of the first capsule was 210 minutes and the time of the last capsules was more than 300 minutes. Therefore, the GI transition times largely differ from each animal and each enteric coated capsule. 2. The disintegration times of enteric coated capsules were similar in vitro test and in vivo test. 3. The GI transition and disintegration test of enteric coated capsules using barium sulfate, radiopaque material for the gastrointestinal track, was useful to investigate the times that the capsules passed through the pylorus and disintegrated in intestinal track.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.547-551
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• 2018

Unlike wired endoscopy, capsule endoscopy requires additional time for a clinical specialist to review the operation and examine the lesions. To reduce the tedious review time and increase the accuracy of medical examinations, various approaches have been reported based on artificial intelligence for computer-aided diagnosis. Recently, deep learning-based approaches have been applied to many possible areas, showing greatly improved performance, especially for image-based recognition and classification. By reviewing recent deep learning-based approaches for clinical applications, we present the current status and future direction of artificial intelligence for capsule endoscopy.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.309-315
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• 2011

A sensitive and specific liquid chromatographic method coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was developed for the analysis of ambroxol (active moiety of acebrophylline). After acetonitrile precipitation of proteins from plasma samples, ambroxol and the domperidone (internal standard, IS) were eluted on a C18 column. The isocratic mobile phase was consisted of 10 mM ammonium acetate and methanol (10 : 90, v/v), with flow rate at 0.2 mL/min. A tandem mass spectrometer, as detector, was used for quantitative analysis in positive mode by a multiple reaction monitoring mode to monitor the m/z 379.2${\rightarrow}$264.0 and the m/z 426.2${\rightarrow}$175.1 transitions for ambroxol and the IS, respectively. Twenty four healthy Korean male subjects received two capsules (100 mg ${\times}$ 2) of either the test or the reference formulation of acebrophylline HCl in a 2 ${\times}$ 2 crossover study, this was followed by a 1week washout period between either formulation. $AUC_{0-t}$ (the area under the plasma concentration-time curve) was calculated by the linear trapezoidal rule. $C_{max}$ (maximum plasma drug concentration) and $T_{max}$ (time to reach $C_{max}$) were compiled from the plasma concentration-time data. The 90% confidence intervals for the log transformed data were acceptable range of log 0.8 to log 1.25 (e.g., log 0.8964 - log 0.9910 for $AUC_{0-t}$ log 0.8690 - log 1.0750 for $C_{max}$). The major parameters, $AUC_{0-t}$ and $C_{max}$ met the criteria of Korea Food and Drug Administration for bioequivalence indicating that Acephyll$^{(R)}$ capsule (test) is bioequivalent to Surfolase$^{(R)}$ capsule (reference).

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.64-67
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• 1980

참깨품종 '수원9호'의 만식재배시 적정수확기를 결정하기 위하여 성숙후기로부터 주기적으로 sampling하여 수량발연항목들을 조사하고 삭수분함량, 개삭율 및 조직노화상태를 기록하였다. 아울러 작물건조제 Diquat을 살포하여 그의 효과와 이용가능성을 검토하였다. 1. 개체당 종실수량과 종실수는 9월 18일 수확에 이미 최대에 달하있고, 이들은 그후 점차 감소하였으나 천입중은 9월 29일 수확기까지 증가하는 추세이였다. 2. 수확기가 늦어질수록 삭수분함량 감소하고 반면 개삭율은 증가하였다. 삭의 열개는 수분함량이 70% 이하로 떨어졌을 때 발생하였고 탈입에 따른 수량저하 급격히 증대되는 시기는 수분함량이 65% 이하이고 개삭률이 50 %이상인 때부터이었다. 3. 적정수확기는 종실수가 최대로 확보되고 삭수분함량이 70%이하로 떨어질 때부터이며 엽의 황화는 _상위절까지 지전되고 50%삭이 황화되였을 때에 해당하였다. 4. 엽의 탈락이후의 천입중의 증가는 삭의 storage pool로서의 기능으로 보여지며 삭조직중의 약 5%가량이 종실중 증가에 기여하였다. 5. Diquat을 식물체에 살포하였을 때 5 일후에 삭수분함량은 40 % 이하로 떨어지고 7일후에는 90% 이상 개삭이 일어났다. 이는 포장상태 참깨보다 2주이상 건조를 촉진시켰으며 균일화의 효과가 있었다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1055-1058
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• 2005

In the ACPF(Advanced spent nuclear fuel Conditioning Process Facility), the spent fuel pellets which are highly radioactive materials are separated with its clad and are fed into the next conditioning process. For this, at the other facility called PIEF(Post Irradiation Examination Facility) a spent fuel rod, 3.5 m long, is cut by 25 cm long which is suitable length fur the decladding process. These rod-cuts are packed into the capsule and are moved to the ACPF. Once the capsule is unloaded in the ACPF, the rod-cut is taken out one-by-one from the capsule and installed on the decladding device. In these processes, the crushed spent fuel pellet can be scattered inside the facilities and thus it contaminate the hot cell. In this paper, we developed the specially designed capsule which prevents the pellets scattering and remarkably reduces the leading and unloading time of the rod-cuts.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2022년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.243-244
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• 2022

In this paper, experiments were conducted on signal amplification of polymer capsules for application to Ground Penetrating Radar so as to enable real-time monitoring of polymer capsules inside concrete using the Morphology Dependent Resonance phenomenon. A TEM CELL and a vector network analyzer were used to analyze the difference in resonance frequency depending on the material of the sphere and the presence or absence of fracture. In order to manufacture a capsule of a size that can be measured using millimeter waves used in GPR, we manufactured a capsule with a 3D printer and analyzed the effects of the presence or absence of coating and the size of the capsule on the resonance frequency. Resonant frequency or signal amplification is more affected by diameter than coating. The capsule showing the highest amplification is the resin-coated 50 mm diameter capsule with a 316-fold increase and the lowest capsule is the uncoated 10 mm diameter capsule with a signal amplification of 11.9 times. These results demonstrate the potential of GPR to measure the position and state of self-healing capsules, which are small-sized polymers, in real time using millimeter waves.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.457-463
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• 2009

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of meloxicam capsule, $Mobic^{TM}$ capsule( Boehringer Ingelheim Ltd., Korea) as a reference drug and $Meloxifen^{TM}$ capsule (Kukje Pharma Ind. Co., Ltd., Korea) as a test drug, according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration(KFDA). Thirty two healthy male Korean volunteers received capsule containing meloxicam 7.5 mg in a $2{\times}2$ crossover study. There was a one-week above washout period between the doses. Plasma concentrations of meloxicam were monitored for over a period of 72 hr after administration by using a high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer(LC-MS/MS). $AUC_t$(the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to 72 hr), $C_{max}$(maximum plasma drug concentration) and $T_{max}$(time to reach $C_{max}$) were complied from the plasma concentration-time data. Analysis of variance(ANOVA) test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters using logarithmically transformed $AUC_t$ and $C_{max}$. The 90% confidence intervals of the $AUC_t$ ratio and the $C_{max}$ ratio for $Meloxifen^{TM}/Mobic^{TM}$ were log 0.8605-log 0.9847 and log 0.9765-log 1.1503, respectively. These values were within the acceptable bioequivalence intervals of log 0.80-log 1.25, recommended by KFDA. In all of these results, we concluded that $Meloxifen^{TM}$ capsule was bioequivalent to $Mobic^{TM}$ capsule, based on the rate and extent of absorption.

• 약학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.150-159
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• 1999

Hollow type suppositories inserted polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel capsule containing propranolol·HCI (PPH) were prepared using different bases, polyethylene glycol (PEG), Witepsol H-15 (WH-15) and Witepsol W-35 (WW-35) to improve the controlled release of PPH. The release of PPH from the hollow type suppository inserted PVA hydrogel capsule was retarded than that from PEG, WH-15, or WW-35 hollow type suppositories in rat rectal cavity. When the suppositories were administered to rats, the controlled release of PPH was proved by the plasma concentration-time-profiles of PPH. No significant difference (p〈0.05) among the three different hollow type suppositories was observed in terms of AUC and MRT of PPH. WH-15 hollow type suppository inserted 12% of PVA hydrogel capsule caused irritation to rat rectal mucosa. However, the WH-15 hollow type suppository inserted PVA hydrogel capsule caused no severe irritation on rectal mucosa. The application of the hollow type suppositories using PVA in sustained rectal delivery of drugs might be feasible.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2010

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two choline alphoscerate soft capsules, Gliatilin soft capsule (Daewoong Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.) and Cholicerin soft capsule (Sam Chun Dang Pharm. Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Serum concentrations of choline after oral administration of choline alphoscerate were determined using a validated LC/MS/MS method. This method showed linear response over the concentration range of 0.5-20 ${\mu}g$/mL with correlation coefficient of 0.9999. The lower limit of quantitation using 100 ${\mu}L$ of serum was 0.5 ${\mu}g$/mL which was sensitive enough for pharmacokinetic studies. Thirty six healthy male Korean volunteers received each medicine at the choline alphoscerate dose of 1200 mg in a $2{\times}2$ crossover study. There was a one-week washout period between the doses. Blood samples were taken at predetermined time intervals up to 8 hr. $AUC_t$ (the area under the serum concentration-time curve from time 0 to 8 hr) was calculated by the linear trapezoidal rule method. $C_{max}$ (the maximum serum drug concentration) and $T_{max}$ (the time to reach $C_{max}$) were compiled from the serum concentration-time data. Analysis of variance was carried out using logarithmically transformed $AUC_t$ and $C_{max}$. No significant sequence effect was found for all of the bioavailability parameters, indicating that the crossover design was properly performed. The 90% confidence intervals of the $AUC_t$ ratio and the $C_{max}$ ratio for Cholicerin/Gliatilin were log0.9998-log1.1172 and log0.9938-1.0944, respectively. These values were within the acceptable bioequivalence intervals of log0.80-log1.25. Thus, the criteria of the KFDA guidelines for the bioequivalence was satisfied, indicating Cholicerin soft capsule and Gliatilin soft capsule are bioequivalent.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제6권10호
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• pp.493-498
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• 2017

캡슐내시경 검사는 일반적인 내시경의 접근이 어려운 소장을 관찰하는 데 특화되어 있다. 캡슐내시경 검사를 통한 진단 과정은 크게 적응증 판단, 내시경 검사, 진단의 세 단계로 이루어진다. 이 때, 진단을 위해 필요한 핵심 의료 정보로는 적응증, 병변, 질환 정보가 있다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 핵심 정보를 의미적 특징 정보, 이를 추출하는 과정을 의미 기반 분석이라 정의한다. 이와 같은 의미 기반 분석은 내시경 검사 전 과정에 걸쳐 수행된다. 먼저 캡슐내시경 검사에 앞서 환자의 증상을 확인하여 예상 질병 정보를 획득한다. 다음, 획득한 정보를 기반으로 캡슐내시경 검사를 실시한 후 발견된 병변의 위치와 진단을 위한 조직, 혈관, 산도와 같은 보조 정보들을 활용하여 최종 진단을 내린다. 이때, 예상 질병을 확인하기 위한 증상과 질병 간의 연관성이나 병변의 위치로부터 확인해야할 보조 정보 간의 해부학적 연관성이 고려되어야 한다. 그러나 기존의 내시경 관련 의료 정보 표준과 같은 지식 모델은 단순히 내시경 검사와 관련된 용어들이 나열된 형태로 의미적 연관성이 고려되지 않는다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 캡슐내시경 검사의 진단 보조를 위한 의미적 연관성 기반의 지식 모델을 제안한다. 제안하는 모델은 캡슐내시경 검사의 주요 대상 기관인 소장에 특화된 질병 모델과 해부학 모델로, 캡슐내시경 검사를 위한 효과적인 의료 정보 제공을 가능케 한다.