• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 1981

하구(河口)는 해수(海水)와 담수(淡水)가 만나는 아주 복잡(複雜)한 지점(地點)으로 하구(河口)에서의 염도분포(鹽度分布)에 대한 수리학적(水理學的)인 일반적(一般的)인 해석(解析)은 대단히 어렵기 때문에 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서는 현지관측(現地觀測)을 통(通)하여 염도(鹽度)의 분포특성(分布特性)을 알기 위하여 조차(潮差)가 큰 군산(群山) 외항(外港)부근의 3지점(地點)에서 조석일주기(潮汐一週期)동안 1~1.5시간 간격으로 연속적(連續的)으로 현지관측(現地觀測)을 실시하였으며 분석결과(分析結果) 다음과 같은 몇가지 결론(結論)을 얻었다. 1. 염도(鹽度)와 전기전도도와의 비(比)가 0.5~1.0 사이에 대부분(大部分)이 산만하게 분포(分布)되어 있음이 재확인(再確認)되었다. 2. 염도(鹽度)는 만조시(滿潮時)에 가장 크고 만조(滿潮)에서 간조(干潮)로 됨에 따라 점점 작아져서 간조후(干潮後) 0~2시간(時間) 사이에 가장 작았다. 3. 금강하구(錦江河口)의 밀도류(密度流)는 대체로 강혼합형(强混合型)이었고 유량(流量)이 클 때는 완혼합형(緩混合型)이었다. 4. 연직염도분포(鉛直鹽度分布)에 파고(波高)의 영향은 별(別)로 없었다. 5. 최대연직염도차(最大鉛直鹽度差)는 대체로 10g/l 이하(以下)였으며 최소치(最少値)가 나타나는 시기(時期)는 대조시(大潮時)에는 간조후(干潮後) 0~2시간후(時間後)였고 소조시(小潮時)에는 만조후(滿潮後) 2~3시간(時間) 후(後)에 나타났다.

• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.256-263
• /
• 1995

득량만에서 발생되는 수괴의 연직 구조의 변동을 역학적으로 규명하기 위하여 Simpson and Hunter(1974)와 Simpson and Bowers(1981)의 에너지식을 이용하여 수괴의 연직 환합과 관련된 바람, 태양 그리고 조류 에너지를 계산하여 보았다. 그 결과 바람에너지에 비하여 태양 에너지와 조류에너지가 약 10배 종도 큼을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 태양 에너지의 경우 관측 기간 동안 큰 변동이 없는 반면 조류의 경우 대조기와 소조기대의 에너지가 약 10배 정도 차이가 남을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과로 미루어 볼 때 하계 득량만의 수괴의 연직 구조변동은 대.소조기 변동에 따른 조류의 세기에 의하여 결정됨을 잘 알 수 있었다. 그리고 태풍에 의한 에너지의 변동을 살펴보기 위하여 Fujita의 경험적인 태풍 모델을 도입하여 태풍이 득량만의 좌측과 우측을 통과할 때의 에너지의 변동을 살펴보았다. 그 결과 태풍 에너지는 조류 에너지의 크기와 매우 비슷하며 특히 대조기때의 조류 에너지의 크기와 매우 유사함을 알 수 있었다. 여기서 주목되는 것은 득량만에서 연직 혼합을 일으키는 10-15m/sec의 바람 에너지의 크기와 30-40cm/sec 세기의 조류가 가지고 있는 조류에너지의 크기가 매우 비슷함을 알 수 있다. 따라서 득량만의 경우 조류에 의한 수괴의 연직 혼합의 세기는 태풍 에너지와 거의 비슷함을 알 수 있다. 이러한 결과를 미루어 볼 때 대조기때의 득량만의 조류 에너지는 거의 태풍 통과시 바람 에너지와 거의 비슷함을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 연구는 Simpson(1981)의 결과와도 매우 유사하게 나타났다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.185-195
• /
• 1994

Masan bay is one of the polluted enclosed bays, which has red tides problem and the formation of oxygen deficient water in the bottom layer. Most important factors that cause eutrophication and red tide is nutrient materials containing nitrogen and phosphorus which stem from terrestrial sources and nutrients released from sediment. Therefore, to improve of water quality, reduction of these nutrient loads should be indispensible. At this study, the three-dimensional numerical hydrodynamic and eutrophication model, which were developed by Institute for Resources and Environment of Japan, were applied to analyze the processes affecting the phytoplankton production and also to evaluate the effect of water quality improvement plans on phytoplankton production. In field sorvey, the range of concentrations of chlorophyll-a at surface area was found to be 29.17 - 212.5mg/m3, which were exceeding eutrophication criteria. The constant currents defined by integrating the simulated tidal currents over 1 tidal cycle showed the counterclockwise eddies in the southern part of Budo. The general directions of constant currents were found to be southward at surface and northward at bottom over all the bay. The eutrophication model was calibrated with the data surveyed in the field area in June, 1993. The calculated results are in fairly good agreement with values within relative error of 30%. The pollutant load from the sources such as the input from terrestrial release from the sediment was reduced by the rate of 50, 70, 90, 98% to effect of phytoplankton production. Phytoplankton production was reduced to of the 90% reduction of the input loads from terrestrial sources and 8% in 90% reduction of the load from sediment.

• 해양환경안전학회지
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.285-291
• /
• 2006

소리도와 욕지도 사이 해역의 유동 분포를 파악하기 위하여 2004년 5월, 6월, 10월 및 11월에 ADCP를 이용하여 정선관측 및 정점관측을 실시하였다. 25시간 정선관측에 따른 평균류의 연직분포는 욕지도 남서해역에서 북동류의 흐름이 우세하게 나타났다. 또한 25시간 정점관측 결과를 보면 상층과 하층의 경계수심이 $15\sim20m$에 존재함을 알 수 있었고, 상 하층으로의 유동분포가 다르고 상층과 하층의 변화폭이 작게 나타났다. 동서 성분 및 남북 성분에 대판 해수 수송량의 계산결과는 남서방향으로의 수송량보다 북동방향으로의 수송량이 더 크게 나타났다.

• 한국해양학회지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.14-29
• /
• 1970

김의 성장과 품질에 대한 환경수질의 중요성은 다시 말할 필요가 없다 김 양식기에 있어서의 환경수질의 변동을 보기 위해 저자의 한 사람은 섬진강 및 낙동강 하구 김밭에 대해 이미 조사한 바 있거니와 이번에는 우리나라 유수의 김 생산지인 완도군하 김밭의 수질을 전보와 같은 방법으로 조사하였다. 조사지점으로서는 완도군 에서대체로 대표적 김밭이라 볼 수 있는 두 지점을 선정하여 1968년 10월부터 1969년 2월까지 매월 대조일에서의 수질변동을 조수의 일조기에 걸쳐 1시간마다 각 성분량을 측정하므로써 조사하였다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 2009

Eutrophicated water fed through Mankyeong River and Dongjin River into the new Saemankeum Lakemight seriously affect the water quality and phytoplankton community in the lake. To obtain control reference data for the later studies on environmental changes due to the construction of the Saemankeum Sea Wall, we performed a monthly investigation on the physico-chemical properties of the water and phytoplankton community at 3 stations in the Mankyeong River Estuary over 14 months starting from September 1999. Water temperature ranged from $0.3{\sim}32.9^{\circ}C$ due to the typical seasonal variations in temperate on the coasts and salinity exhibited a wide annual range of $0.2{\sim}33.7$ psu along with regular and huge hourly variations according to tidal cycles. Inorganic nutrients were supplied from rivers to the monitoring station and the whole lake. The average concentration of total-N, $6.99\;mg{\cdot}l^{-1}$, was higher than the water quality for agricultural use with peak values occurring in winter. Species composition showed a seasonal succession pattern, where a high diversity was observedin summer and autumn and vice versa in winter. Hourly variations of water properties in the "Mankyeong bridge" Station were quite regular and well in accordance with the daily tidal cycles. The different degree of sea water intrusion during the flood tide at each of the 3 stations exhibited a different range and variation pattern of water temperature and salinity throughout a day. Hourly changes in species composition were in harmony with the daily tidal cycles, resulting in extremely variable spatio-temporal variation.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.123-131
• /
• 2006

Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinesis) is one of the most important vegetable crops in korea and other East Asian countries. Cytosolic fructose-1,6-bisphospha-tase (cytFBPase) is a key enzyme in sucrose biosyn-thesis, which controls the sucrose levels as well as the productivity at plants. The Chinese cabbage cytFBPase gene, BrFBPase, encodes the 340 amino acid polypep-tide, giving a theoretical molecular weight of 37.2 kD and a isolectric point of 5.4. BrFBPase showed high sequence identity with Brassica homologs and its functional domains, such as 12,6P$_2$ binding site or active site and F6P binding site, were highly conserved in diverse sources of organisms. Although the genome of Chinese cabbage seemed to be triplicated, BrFBPase appears to be a single copy gene. The expression of BrFBPase was examined at transcript and protein levels under various conditions. BrFBPase expression was observed only in photosynthetic source tissue, not in sink tissue. The expression was slightly higher during the day than at night, and it showed a diurnal cycle with circadian rhythmicity. Short-term exposure to low temperature inhibited the expression of the BrFBPase, while long-term exposure increased the expression, supporting that sugar levels are high in late autumn when temperature are low.

• 환경생물
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.233-242
• /
• 2013

Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) are not only the first oxygenic organisms on earth but also the foremost primary producers in aquatic environment. Massive growth of cyanobacteria, in eutrophic waters, usually changes the water colour to green and is called as algal (cyanobacterial) bloom or green tide. Cyanobacterial blooms are a result of high levels of primary production by certain species such as Microcystis sp., Anabaena sp., Oscillatoria sp., Aphanizomenon sp. and Phormidium sp. These cyanobacterial species can produce hepatotoxins or neurotoxins as well as malodorous compounds like geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB). In order to solve the nationwide problem of hazardous cyanobacterial blooms in Korea, the following technically and strategically sound approaches need to be developed. 1) As a long-term strategy, reduction of the nutrients such as phosphorus and nitrogen in our water bodies to below permitted levels. 2) As a short term strategy, field application of combination of already established bloom remediation techniques. 3) Development of emerging convergence technologies based on information and communication technology (ICT), environmental technology (ET) and biotechnology (BT). 4) Finally, strengthening education and creating awareness among students, public and industry for effective reduction of pollution discharge. Considering their ecological roles, a complete elimination of cyanobacteria is not desirable. Hence a holistic approach mentioned above in combination to addressing the issue from a social perspective with cooperation from public, government, industry, academic and research institutions is more pragmatic and desirable management strategy.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2002년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
• /
• pp.273-273
• /
• 2002

Masan barber was situated in S.Korean southern central coast. And it is contributing greatly in S.korea's economy development to international trading port of Heaven's blessing that possess natural, geographical situation. Also, because there are Masan free tax area and chanwon heavy industrial complex, sachon air industrial complex etc. on back, it is important permanency in our country. Specially, because inland transport routes such as southern highway, Guma highway and national road system are developed well, the importance is very high. Masan harbor 1899.05.01 be that opened, the 1st and 2nd (central pier) was build 1938∼1944 year, and the 3rd pier was 1973∼1978 year. the 4th pier was 1974∼1983 year, 5th pier was 1984∼1988, 6th pier (west pier) was 1985∼1992 year. it was developed over 100 years. But, it did great many harbor and bay development of last 100 yens but research about coastline change and seashore reclamation is insufficient. Therefore, this research executed research about coastline change of Masan bay of last 100 years, In this study, we analyzed aerial photographs and tide data for the past 100 years using digital aerial photo analysis and GIS techniques for each 3-year interval. We abstracted beach DEM (digital elevation model) and ortho aerial photographs, and conducted a space analysis. As a result, we were able to identify changes in the area As a result, we drew 10 years cycle coastline change of Masan bay. and we can detect bay coastal line change and calculate refill rate.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2002년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
• /
• pp.750-750
• /
• 2002

The Airship PKNU is a roughly 12 m (32 ft) long blimp, filled with helium, whose two-gasoline power(3hp per engine) are independently radio controlled. The motors and propellers can be tilted and are attached to the gondola through an axle and supporting braces. Four stabilizing fins are mounted at the tail of the airship. To fill in the helium, a valve is placed at the bottom of the hull. The inaugural flight was on jul. 31.2002 at the Pusan, S.korea Most environment monitoring system\ problem use satellite image. But, Low resolution satellite image (multi-spectral) : 1km ∼ 250 m ground resolutions is lows. So, detail information acquisition is hard at the complex terrain. High resolution satellite image (black and white) 30m : The ground resolution is high. But it is high price, visit cycle and delivery time is long So. We want make high accuracy airship photogrammetry system. This airship can catch picture Multi. spectral Aerial photographing (visible, Near infrared and thermal infrared), and High resolution (over 6million pixel). It can take atmosphere datum (Temperature (wet bulb, dew point, general), Pressure (static, dynamic), Humidity, wind speed). this airship is very Quickness that aircraft install time is lower than 30 minutes, it is compact and that conveyance is easy. High-capacity save image (628 cut per 1time (over 6million and 4band(R,G,B,NIR)) and this airship can save datum this High accuracy navigatin (position and rotate angle) by DGPS tech. and Gyro system. this airship will do monitor about red-tide, sea surface temperate, and CH-A, SS and etc.