• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.42-49
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• 2007

It has been known that shallow-water regions, such as tidal flats, sea grass and sea weed beds have water purification capability, and they also serve as nursery grounds for many fishes. On the other hand, tidal flat areas are economically attractive sites for reclamation, to be used for developing industries. When developing shallow-water areas, we have to propose a plan to mitigate the environmental impact associated with such a development plan. However, it is difficult to estimate the affects on the ecosystem and water purification, and the literature related to this matter is insufficient. In order to evaluate the ability of coastal tidal flat and to predict the future changes, it is necessary to develop a reliable prediction technique and construction of data by using a field investigation. In this study, we carried out a numerical model test for the tidal flat ecosystem, using the pelagic system and the benthic system, simultaneously, in order to show a change in the tidal flat ecosystem. The flow of nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon has been identified as a primary consideration of marine ecosystem components, and the capability of water purification and the change of the tidal flat were predicted using this flow. In order to make a more reliable prediction, a field investigation to determine tide, current and creatures of the object coastal area has been done. The purification capability of this shallow-water region is estimated from the model results. According to the results of experiments, the tidal flat has a capability of water purification (Sink) of 11mgN/m2/day, but the other area has a load (Source) of 20mgN/m2/day. As a result, we could confirm that the tidal flat of an object coastal area plays an important role in water purification.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.243-252
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• 2006

The emergy concept was used to valuate the contributions of a tidal flat ecosystem included in the fourth stage reclamation plan for the Youngsan River area to the Korean economy. Emergy contributions of the ecosystem were compared with those of economic valuations performed on the same ecosystem. The tidal flat ecosystem contributed 3.55 million EmW/ha annually. This, however, cannot be compared directly with those of the economic valuations because both methodologies approach the valuation of ecosystems in different perspectives. The emergy methodology is a donor-based valuation in which what goes into making a product or service is measured, while the economic valuation is a receiver-based approach in which human receivers determine the value of an ecosystem product or service. An emergy valuation was conducted for the three ecosystem functions included in the economic valuations to compare the results of both methodologies on the same basis. Fishery production and pollutants removal contributed 9.86 million EmW/ha/yr and 0.88 million EmW/ha/yr, respective1y. The conservation value of the tidal flat ecosystem was 3.55 million EmW/ha/yr. Overall, the emergy valuation that try to include works of both human and nature on the same basis resulted in higher economic contribution of the tidal flat ecosystem than that calculated by the economic methodologies in which only human works are measured based on the willingness-to-pay of people. This study showed that the emergy concept could provide an alternative tool for policy decision-making regarding utilization and conservation of ecosystems by approaching the ecosystem valuation from a different perspective than that of economic methodologies.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2021

In this study, a deep-learning image analysis model was established and validated for AI-based monitoring of the tidal flat ecosystem for marine protected creatures Ocypode stimpsoni and their habitat. The data in the study was constructed using an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the U-net model was applied for the deep learning model. The accuracy of deep learning model learning results was about 0.76 and about 0.8 each for the Ocypode stimpsoni and their burrow whose accuracy was higher. Analyzing the distribution of crabs and burrows by putting orthomosaic images of the entire study area to the learned deep learning model, it was confirmed that 1,943 Ocypode stimpsoni and 2,807 burrow were distributed in the study area. Through this study, the possibility of using the deep learning image analysis technology for monitoring the tidal ecosystem was confirmed. And it is expected that it can be used in the tidal ecosystem monitoring field by expanding the monitoring sites and target species in the future.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.291-298
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• 2013

In order to investigate the topography and exposure duration of the Siheung tidal flat, tidal ranges and DEM constructed by remote sensing techniques were analyzed. A cross-sectional diagram of the intertidal area reveals that it is relatively flat in the upper zone and then abruptly plunges into the bottom of the main channel where elevations increase in an upstream direction. The waterline during the Highest Low Water (HLW) is drawn back to the bottom of the channel at the middle part of the tidal flat and is formed along the slant of the channel during the Lowest High Water (LHW). The intertidal zone is located between -410 cm and 510 cm in terms of elevation and its total area is $0.65km^2$. An area between the Highest High Water (HHW) and Lowest High Water (LHW), occupying about 80% of the total area, occupies $0.52km^2$ of total area and accounts for 56% of the exposure duration. The boundary of wetland protection area in the Siheung tidal flat did not exactly coincide with the intertidal regime and differs by more than 15%. This study, which precisely analyzed the tidal flat area, tidal environment, and topography, would be useful in making a conservation plan and in learning how to use a wetland protection area in a sustainable manner.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.315-324
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• 2016

In this study, we investigated changes in the macrobenthic community in Sihwa tidal flat before and after the operation of a Tidal Power Plant (TPP). In order to investigate changes in the macrobenthic community structure, field surveys were conducted at eighteen stations in 4 transect lines every September from 2011 to 2015. Mean density of macrobenthos decreased to $116ind./m^2$ in 2015 from $1,602ind./m^2$ in 2011. While the mean density of macrobenthos has decreased, species richness and biomass have gradually increased. The species diversity and SEP (Shannon-wiener Evenness Proportion) have also gradually increased over time since the operation of the TPP. The macrobenthic community in Sihwa tidal flat was divided into 4 groups on a yearly base. Before the operation of TPP, opportunistic species such as Neanthes succina and Polydora cornuta largely contributed to the structure of the macrobenthic community, while equilibrium species such as Periserrula leucophryna and Scopimera globosa contributed after the operation. With the operation of TPP, the macrobenthic community has rapidly recovered and this might be related to improvement in the quality of water and sedimentary environments as a result of an increase in water mass volume exchanged through the TPP gate.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.1018-1020
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• 2003

The costal area where takes up over 32% in domestic teritory is considered as very importantly because it has not only economic facilities such as harbor and an industrial complex but also recreation facilities. Moreover, the tidal flat area has been used as culture ponds and salt farms because this area is occupied by various oceanic species. Also, the tidal flat area has played an important role to purify ocean pollution and maintain an ecosystem. However, the costal ecosystem has seriously threatened by domestic reclamation projects and a large-scale tide embankment during recent 10 years in Korea. This serious problem results in loosing 34%(810$km^2$) of the entire domestic costal area. In this paper, the micro-landform in the tidal flat area, which is called as Garolim bay in Korea, is classified by using Landsat TM images also verified through a filed report. Through the result of this, the tidal flat area is expected to manage efficiently especially through analyzing sediment environment and characteristic of grain size by using satellite images.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.331-343
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• 2002

The southern tidal flat of Kanghwa Island with an area of approximately $90km^2$ is one of the biggest flats on the west coast of Korea. Surface sediments for sedimentary analyses were sampled at 83 stations in August 1997, September 1999 and August 2000. The very poorly-sorted mud sediments were predominant in the eastern part of the tidal flat, whereas the poorly-sorted sand-mud mixed sediments were dominant in the western part. The area of muddy sediment distribution diminished, but that of sandy mud sediment extended to southeastward tidal flat for three years. In the western part of tidal flat, deposition occurred during the period of spring to summer, whereas erosion occurred in winter. Sediment accumulation rates during three years indicated that the sediments deposited continuously in the eastern part of tidal flat, whereas eroded in the western part of tidal flat. Recently, construction of artificial structures such as new airport, island-connecting bridges and dikes near the tidal flat might change tidal current and river flow pattern. In order to reduce the ecological damage and to preserve tidal-flat environment, it is necessary to Investigate long-term impacts on sedimentary environment and ecology.

• 생태와환경
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.202-213
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• 2014

전라남도는 우리나라에서 50% 이상을 차지하는 섬과 갯벌을 가지고 있다. 특히 그중에서도 신안군은 가장 많은 섬 개수와 넓은 갯벌을 차지하고 있다. 신안군은 2개읍, 12면으로 구성되어 있고 약 1,000여개의 유 무인도 섬들이 산재해 있다. 섬과 갯벌이라는 독특한 생태계 특성을 가진 신안군의 생태계서비스 가치를 Costanza et al. (1997)의 생물군계에 의해 계산하였다. 신안군은 갯벌이 가장 높은 생태계서비스 가치를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과는 대부분의 섬에서 같은 결과를 보였고 특히 압해읍과 지도읍이 가장 높은 값을 보였다. 증도면의 경우에는 실제적으로 군내에서는 면적이 11위에 해당하지만 생태계서비스 가치는 전체에서 4위를 나타내었다. 현재까지의 연구 상황으로는 정확하게 생태계서비스 가치를 계산하는 것이 어렵지만 대략의 가치라도 측정해 보는 것도 중요하다고 판단된다. 신안군 전체의 생태계 서비스 가치를 살펴봄으로써 현재 가지고 있는 가치를 잘 보전하고 지속적으로 활용하기 위한 정책에 활용하는 것이 필요하다. 특히 갯벌이라는 독특한 생태계를 잘 보전하고 이를 올바르게 활용할 수 있는 시스템 구축이 절실하다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 앞으로 신안군 발전계획 등의 정책결정에 좋은 자료를 제공하고자 한다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2011

This research is aim to analyze of changing landscape and according to phenological cycle from image information of coastal environment obtained by multi-media were analyzed by camera and satellite image. The digital camera and satellite image were used for tidal flat vegetation monitoring during the construction of Sihwa lake. The vegetation type and phenological cycle of Sihwa tidal flat have been changed with the Sihwa lake ecosystem. The environment changes of Sihwa tidal flat area and ecological change were analyzed by field work digital camera images and satellite images. The airborne, UAV and satellite images were classified with the changed elements of coastal ecological environment and tidal flat vegetation monitoring carried out the changed area and shape of vegetation distribution with time series images.

• Ocean Science Journal
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.221-227
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• 2005

The architecture of macrofaunal burrows and the total area of the sediment-water interface created by biogenic structure were investigated in the Donggeomdo tidal flat on the west coast of Korea. Resin casting methods were applied to recover burrows of four dominant species, Macrophthalmus japonicus, Cleistostoma dilatatum, Perinereis aibuhitensis, and Periserrula leucophryna, and whole burrows within the casting area at three sites in different tidal levels. P. leucophryna excavated the largest burrow in terms of a surface area among them. In the case of whole burrow casting, the space occupied by the biogenic structure was extended into deeper and expanded more greatly at the higher tidal level. In the uppermost flat, the burrow wall surface area within sediment was more extensive than the sediment surface area. Increased oxygen supply through the extended interface could enhance the degradation rates of organic carbon and also change the pathways of degradation. Quantifying the relationship between the extended interface and mineralization rate and pathway requires more extensive study.