• 턱관절균형의학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.25-36
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• 2021

It was observed that the effectiveness of Yin-yang balancing therapy of the tempromandibular joint (YBT) or functional cerebrospinal therapy (FCS) in three cases: an acute and a chronic motor tic disorder and a Tourrette's disorder (TD). These three cases were mainly managed with cervical balancing appliance for the Yin-yang Balancing on tempromandibular joint (TMJ) and pelvic balance therapy. They were treated concurrently with acupuncture, cupping and herb-medicine. Clinical outcome measurement was based on subjective measures with visual analogue scale (VAS), Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTTS) and clinical observations for 235, 279 and 273 days respectively. The patient showed positive changes after the treatment and this effect maintained over the follow-up period. Although it is not clear whether the effect is sustained afterwards or not, a positive effect on the motor tic disorders and TD was observed. And so, furthermore strict clinical and structural researches for verification on YBT is expected.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.38-43
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• 2011

Chronic tic disorder or Tourette syndrome is known to be a chronic neuro-behavioral disease for which cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) strategies have recently been introduced. Here, we report the effectiveness of CBT in a case of childhood chronic tic disorder, which is very common in clinical settings. The DSM-IV clinical diagnosis was applied by a child psychiatrist. The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale, Kovac's children's depression inventory, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Abbreviated Conners' Rating Scales, and the Dupaul ADHD Rating Scales were used. This case involved a pharmacological treatment-refractory patient over the previous year. Thus, psychiatric consultation was undertaken. Subsequently, we administered five sessions of CBT for four weeks, consisting of symptom evaluation and planning, habit reversal training, and ventilation training. Following four weeks of CBT administration, there were improvements in the scores of the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale and the Clinical Global Improvement scale. Our observations indicate that CBT may be effective in the treatment of childhood tic disorder.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.141-149
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• 2008

Objective : This study was designed to analyze the herbal medicine case-control studies of tic disorder in traditional chinese medicine. Method : For this study, we searched the studies on tic disorder, which had been published 2007, through web-site CNKI(中國知識基魔設施工程) http://www.cnki.net). There were 15 herbal medicine case-control studies and we focused on those studies. Results: 1. DSM-IV(7 studies), CCMD(5 studies) and ICD-10(3 studies) were frequently used in the diagnosis of tic disorder. 2. Paeonia radix alba, Uncariae ramulus et uncus and Glycyrrhizae radix were frequently used in treatment. Moreover Scorpio, Gastrodiae rhizoma, Pinelliae rhizoma and so on were used. 3. Treatment results were assessed by improvement of symptom, YGTSS and so on. 4. Herbal medicine treatment was more effective than western medicine treatment in most studies, and side effects of herbal medicine were far less than those of western medicine. Conclusion : There have been reported many herbal medicine treatment studies of tic disorder in traditional chinese medicine. We believe that these studies can be applied to the clinical practices in Korean medicine.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.133-141
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• 1993

본 연구에서는 만성 운동성 틱 장애와 뚜레뜨 장애가 같은 원인을 갖는 동일한 스펙트럼상의 장애인지, 아니면 표면적인 증상은 유사하지만 기저의 원인은 다른 별개의 장애인지를 규명하고자, 만성 운동성 틱 장애와 뚜레뜨 장애 집단이 심리검사 반응상에서 서로 구분되는 특성이 있는지를 알아보았다. 서울대학병원 소아정신과를 내원한 6세 이상 13세 이하와 환아들 중에서 소아정신과 의사에 의해 만성 운동성 틱 장애와 뚜레뜨 장애로 진단을 받았던 환아들(틱 집단 : N=29 ; 뚜레뜨 집단, N=10)이 본 연구에서 포함되었다. 두 집단의 심리 검사 반응 특성을 비교한 결과, 뚜레뜨 장애가 만성 운동성 틱 장애보다 더 신경학적인 문제와 관련되어 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 뚜레뜨 장애 아동들이 만성 운동성 틱 장애 아동들보다 사회적 적응에 더 어려움이 있고, 정서적인 영향에 더 취약성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 만성 운동성 틱 장애보다 뚜레뜨 장애에 신경학적 요인, 불안이나 스트레스와 같은 정서적 요인, 그리고 기질적인 요인간의 복잡한 상호작용이 더 관련되어 있을 가능성을 시사한다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 제한점 및 뚜레뜨 장애와 주의력결핍 과잉활동 장애간의 공통병리에 대한 연구의 필요성이 논의되었다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.141-155
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• 2003

Method : Chronic motor tic or vocal tic disorders are characterized which have one of the two kinds of tics for more than a year. It is characterized chronic motor tic or vocal tic disorders that have one of the two kinds of tics for more than a year. But Tourette's disorder is a disease which has one or more motor tics and vocal tics for more than a year. Contemporary empirical studies have suggested the rate of comorbid attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) or obsessive compulsive disorder(OCD) in children with tic disorders be high. Objects : As society is confusing, tic disorders are increasing. Therefore, determining the treatment strategy in children with tic disorders is very important. So we studied the literatures of traditional chinese medicine about tic disorders and reported the results. Results : The principals for medical treatment were So-gan(疏肝), I-gi(理氣), Sik-pung(熄風), Gin-kyung(鎭痙), Chung-oel(淸熱) etc. Medicines treatment is used more than acupuncture treatment. The herbs are used Uncariae ramulus et Uncus(釣鉤藤), Paeoniae Radix Alba(白芍藥), Poria(白茯岺), Glycyrrhizae Radix(甘草), Bupleuri Radi.x(柴胡), Fossilia ossis Mastodi(龍骨) etc. in the order named. Acupuncture points were used Naegwan(PC6), Shinmuin(HT7), P'ungnyur4(ST40), Paek'oe. (GV20), Chung-wan(CV12), Samumgye(SP6), Kongson(SP4), T'aech'ung(LR3) and so on.

• 턱관절균형의학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.19-23
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• 2016

본 임상사례에서 보는 것처럼 틱, 뚜렛장애에서도 FCST의 음양균형장치와 골반균형기법(PBT), 침치료 등 구조적 치료를 통해서도 유의한 치료변화가 나타남을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.139-152
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this review is to investigate the latest traditional Chinese medicine clinical studies on pediatric tic disorder with Tuina treatment and propose the directions of future studies and clinical applications. Methods: To obtain data from CNKI, set the field by '中醫學', '中藥', '中西醫結合' and used keywords '抽动障碍', '抽動穢語綜合', '小兒抽动', '兒童抽动' and '推拿', '導引', '按摩', 'Tuina', 'massage' in cross combination way. Results: 12 clinical studies were selected. These studies were analyzed by author & year, subjects, diagnostic criterion, evaluation criterion, syndrome differentiation, treatment period, methods& results, frequent acupoints and assessment of the quality of studies. All of reports achieved effective therapeutic results on the pediatric tic disorder with Tuina treatment. Conclusion: Tuina treatment has a positive effect and are easily accepted by children who have fear and rejection to traditional Korean Medicine such as acupuncture and Herbal remedy. It is also safe and simple to operate. So the Tuina treatment is worthy to disseminate potential for further development in the treatment of pediatric tic disorders.

• 턱관절균형의학회지
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• 제13권sup호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2023

본 증례에서는 틱 장애 증상과 오심 구토를 동반한 환자에게 턱관절균형요법을 병행한 한방 치료를 적용하여 증상의 호전을 관찰하였다. 따라서, 이와 같은 경우에 턱관절균형요법을 적용하여 중추신경계와 자율신경계를 안정화시켜 틱장애 증상을 개선시킬 뿐만 아니라 전체적인 척추 정렬을 바로잡음으로써 소화기계와 관련된 흉추의 안정화를 통하여 관련된 증상의 호전에도 효과가 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.151-156
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• 2013

Objectives : It has been reported that higher percentage of B cells react with monoclonal D8/17 antibody in patients with rheumatic fever, childhood onset obsessive-compulsive disorder, Tourette's disorder, or prepubertal anorexia nervosa. The purpose of this study is to replicate the previous studies in a Korean young population with tic disorder and to identify any relationship between D8/17 and clinical symptoms. Methods : The binding of D8/17 to B cells was determined in patients with tic disorder (N=21) and healthy controls (N=9) by Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorter analysis. Results : In the sample examined by this study, the average percentage of B cells expressing D8/17 in tic disorder was 2.05%; healthy controls was 3.15%. No statistically significant differences were found in the mean percentages of D8/17 between the two groups. Conclusion : The expression of D8/17 in B cells was very low in this study. No subjects with tic disorder or healthy controls was above 12% in D8/17 positive proportion. Further studies, including higher number of patients and control group members, should be performed.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.299-304
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• 2006

Objectives : The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether the TaqI A polymorphism of dopamine receptor D2 gene(DRD2) is associated with Tourette syndrome(TS) and chronic motor tic disorder(CMT) in Korean population. Methods : DRD2 TaqI A RFLP genotyping was carried out with DNA extracted from blood samples of 75 patients with tic disorders(47 with TS and 28 with CMT) and 90 healthy subjects. Genotype and allelic frequencies for the DRD2 gene polymorphisms of the tic disorder group as a whole were compared to those of the control group. Separating the TS group, thereafter, the frequency of genotypes and alleles were compared to those of the controls. Results : The results demonstrated that genotype and allele distributions for the DRD2 gene polymorphism in the tic disorder as a whole, TS, and control groups were not significantly different. Conclusion : No association was found for DRD2 gene, TS and CMT. The data suggest that DRD2 gene may not be a useful marker for the prediction of the susceptibility of tic disorder.