• 생물정신의학
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.175-181
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• 2014

Objectives It was the aim to examine the association of the thyroid-related hormones with cognitive function, depression, and subjective memory impairment in community-dwelling elders with questionable dementia. Methods The sample consisted of 399 community residents with 'questionable dementia' aged 60 or over in whom serum thyroid-related hormones [thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine] had been assayed. Cognitive impairment was defined using the Korean version of the Consortium Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease. Depression was diagnosed using the Korean version of Geriatric Depression Scale and subjective memory complaint (SMC) was checked using the subjective memory complaints questionnaire (SMCQ). Age, gender, education, and the presence of apolipoprotein E {\varepsilon}4 were included as covariates. Results There was a significant positive association between verbal fluency test (VFT) score and serum TSH levels (p = 0.01). There was a significant negative association between SMCQ total score and word list memory test (WLMT)(p = 0.002) or word list recall test (WLRT) score (p = 0.013). Conclusions Lower serum TSH levels were associated with semantic memory (VFT), and we found that SMC was associated with episodic memory (WLMT and WLRT) in this sample.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.143-147
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• 2005

목 적 : 갑상선 기능은 여러 질환이나 스트레스에 의해서 영향을 받는 것으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 분만 전과 분만 동안의 여러 인자와 제대혈 갑상선자극호르몬 및 갑상선호르몬 농도와의 상관관계를 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 총 130명의 신생아를 대상으로 분만 즉시 제대혈을 10 mL 채취하여 갑상선자극호르몬, $T_3$와 유리 $T_4$ 농도를 방사면역학적 방법(CIS bio international kit, Germany)으로 측정하였다. 재태연령, 출생체중, 가사, 분만방식, 산모의 당뇨병 유무, 산모의 전자간증 유무 등에 따라 갑상선자극호르몬과 갑상선 호르몬 농도를 비교하였다. 결 과 : 1) 제대혈 갑상선자극호르몬 농도는 재태연령 34주 이하 $1.73{\pm}0.48{\mu}IU/mL$, 34주-37주 $2.60{\pm}0.51{\mu}IU/mL$, 38주 이상 $4.26{\pm}0.40{\mu}IU/mL$으로 재태연령의 증가에 따라 증가하였다(P<0.05). 2) 분만형태를 비교하면 질식 분만 군 $4.42{\pm}0.66{\mu}IU/mL$, 제왕절개 분만 군 $3.31{\pm}0.33{\mu}IU/mL$로 질식 분만 군에서 높았다(P<0.05). 3) 가사에 따른 갑상선자극호르몬 농도는 가사가 있는 군 $5.18{\pm}0.93{\mu}IU/mL$로 가사가 없는 군 $2.97{\pm}0.84{\mu}IU/mL$에 비해 유의하게 높았다(P<0.05). 4) 산모의 당뇨병에 따른 갑상선자극호르몬 농도는 당뇨병 군 $8.91{\pm}1.25{\mu}IU/mL$, 없는 군 $4.32{\pm}0.42{\mu}IU/mL$으로 산모 당뇨병 동반시 유의하게 높았다(P<0.05). 5) 산모에게 전자간증이 있는 군의 갑상선자극호르몬 농도는 $5.28{\pm}0.42{\mu}IU/mL$, 없는 군 $3.65{\pm}0.46{\mu}IU/mL$에 비해 유의하게 높았다(P<0.05). 6) $T_3$와 유리 $T_4$ 농도는 가사 군에서 없는 군보다 유의하게 낮았다(P<0.05). 7) 각 변수 간의 영향을 배제하였을때 임신주수, 1분 Apgar 점수, 산모의 당뇨병만이 독립적으로 제대혈의 갑상선자극호르몬 농도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결 론 : 제대혈 갑상선자극호르몬 및 갑상선호르몬 농도는 산모의 당뇨병이나 산모 전자간증과 같은 분만 전 요인과 태아에게 저산소증을 초래할 수 있는 분만시 스트레스와 밀접한 연관이 있다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.275-283
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• 2007

Objective : Although hypothyroidism is a common disease in the endocrinology system, it is reported that there are a lot of difficulties in treating it effectively. Aconiti Ra얕 traditionally has been used in treatment of coldness, fatigue, and bradycardia. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of Aconiti Radix on hypothyroidism rat model induced by 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU). Methods : Two-month-old rats were used with administration of PTU which induced hypothyroidism in the rats. After 2 weeks, Aconiti Radix and thyroxine were administered, respectively. The body weights were measured every week. After 4 weeks, the blood samples of all rats were taken from their hearts. They were analyzed biochemically and $T_4$ (thyroid hormone) & TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) was measured by ELISA kits. Results : In comparison with normals, controls showed hypothyroidism with significantly low $T_4$ and high TSH the statistics. In Aconiti Radix administration groups significantly increased $T_4$ was observed in the statistics and its effects were dose-dependent. There was no difference statistically in TSH of Aconiti Radix treatment groups from controls, nor were statistical differences observed significantly in biochemical labs and weight of each group. Conclusions : These findings suggest that Aconiti Radix protects thyroid cells and makes thyroid cells produce thyroid hormones. It is also very safe in the view of liver, kidney function, and other metabolism. It may be a useful agent for treating hypothyroidism.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.14-21
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• 2019

Objectives Thyroid hormone deficiency during the neurodevelopmental period can impair brain development and induce psychiatric symptoms. This study examined the association between thyroid dysfunction and the severity of symptoms in schizophrenia patients, and the treatment response of patients with schizophrenia. Methods Three hundred thirty-eight schizophrenia patients, with no prior history of thyroid disease or taking medication associated with it, were studied. We assessed the blood thyroid hormone level, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) scores on the day of admission and discharge, admission period, dose of administered antipsychotics, and the number of antipsychotic combinations. The collected data were subsequently analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Pearson's chi-square test. Results The percentage of schizophrenia patients who presented with abnormal thyroid hormone level was 24.6%. High total triiodothyronine (TT3) (p = 0.003), low TT3 (p = 0.001), and high free thyroxine (fT4) (p < 0.001) groups showed a higher BPRS score on admission than did the normal thyroid hormone group, while thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were not significantly correlated with the severity of symptoms. Furthermore, thyroid hormone was not associated with the treatment response assessed by the rate of BPRS score reduction, admission days, use of clozapine, and dose of antipsychotics. Conclusions The TT3 and fT4 hormone levels were significantly associated with the severity of symptoms in schizophrenia patients. These relations suggested that thyroid dysfunction may be associated with the severity of schizophrenia. And hence, further analysis of the results of the thyroid function test, which is commonly used in cases of psychiatric admission, is required.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.516-521
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• 2004

목적: 분화성 갑상선 암 환자의 수술 후 고용량 방사성 옥소 치료 및 치료 후 추적 관찰시 촬영하는 I-131 전신 스캔시 I-131를 투여하기위해서는 환자의 혈청 내 TSH가 최소한 $30{\mu}U/ml$이상으로 상승되어 있어야 한다. 이에 필요한 기간이 수술 후 $4{\sim}6$주, 갑상선 호르몬(T4제제)를 복용 중단은 4주 이상 이라고 알려져 있다. 이 기간 중 환자는 갑상선 기능저하로 인한 불편함을 호소하기도 하며, 악성도가 높은 암인 경우에는 병변이 크게 진행할 가능성도 있다. 저자들은 수술후 및 갑상선 호르몬 복용중단시기에 따른 혈청 TSH치의 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 2004년 $4{\sim}8$월사이 분화성 갑삼선암으로 갑상선 전절제술을 시행한후 처음 방사성 옥소 치료를 받은 10명 및 방사성 옥소 치료 후 6개월$\sim$l년 사이 처음 추적 I-131 전신 스캔을 촬영한 12명을 대상으로 갑상선 호르몬 중단 후 혈청 TSH치의 변화와 갑상선 기능저하로 인한 증상을 반영하는 변형된 Billewicz index를 이용해 평가하였다. 혈청 TSH치가 $30{\mu}U/ml$ 이상인 경우는 충분한 상승으로 판단하였다(성공율: SR). 결과: A군은 수술 전 평균 TSH $1.4{\pm}0.7{\mu}U/ml$ 이었으며, 1주 평균 TSH $12.6{\mu}U/ml(N=4,\;1.3{\sim}21.2{\mu}U/ml)$, 2주 평균 TSH $43.0{\pm}17.5{\mu}U/ml$ (N=9, $19.1{\sim}79.6{\mu}U/ml$, SR=78%), 3주 평균 TSH $72.1{\pm}23.6{\mu}U/ml$ (N=9, $28.5{\sim}103.2{\mu}U/ml$, SR=89%), 4주 평균 TSH $96.4{\pm}41.2{\mu}U/ml$ (N=5, $33.8{\sim}138.3{\mu}U/ml$) 이었다. B군은 호르몬 복용중지 직전 평균 TSH $0.1{\mu}U/ml$ 이하였으며, 이후 2주 평균 TSH $15.8{\pm}13.9{\mu}U/ml$ (N=12, $0.2{\sim}41.6{\mu}U/ml$, SR=17%), 3주 평균 TSH $81.0{\pm}47.2{\mu}U/ml$ (N=10, $19.8{\sim}113.5{\mu}U/ml$, SR=90%), 4주 평균 TSH $109.4{\pm}24.1{\mu}U/ml$ (N=8, $67.3{\sim}136.2{\mu}U/ml$) 이었다. 4주 이내 A군과 B군의 환자들에게서 현저한 갑상선 기능저하로 인한 불편함 호소는 없었다. 결론: 본 연구에서는 수술 후 또는 갑상선 호르몬 복용 중지 후 현저한 갑상선 기능저하로 인한 불편함을 호소하지 않는 시기 내에서, 특히 약90%의 환자에서는 3주에 혈청 TSH 치가 $30{\mu}U/ml$ 이상 상승하였다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.9-12
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• 2019

One of the major challenges in methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) for drug dependence is the physiological side effects on endocrine hormones. Because of the key role of the thyroid gland in the normal functioning of the human body and brain, this study examined the effect of MMT on thyroid function. Thyroid hormones (T3, T4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)) were evaluated in normal and user treated with MMT who were referred to the Province Clinical & Pathology Center of Urmia, Iran. The study was conducted for three months using the Case Series method. A total of 270 samples were collected, 215 were from individuals who were not treated, whereas 55 were from men treated with methadone. Average levels of T3 and T4 in non-treated sample of men are $1.34{\pm}0.02ng/mL$ and $90.96{\pm}1.38ng/mL$ while the corresponding values for patients treated with methadone are $1.39{\pm}0.04ng/mL$ for T3 and $94.57{\pm}2.72ng/mL$ for T4. Mean TSH levels of the non-treated group and the methadone consuming group were $1.75{\pm}0.08{\mu}IU/mL$ and $3.17{\pm}0.45{\mu}IU/mL$, respectively. These results indicate that although men treated with methadone had higher levels of T3, T4, and TSH than normal individuals, only the difference in TSH level was significant. The importance of this difference among individuals on methadone maintenance programs should be investigated in larger samples over long periods of time. Additionally, the effects of methadone treatment on women should be examined.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.123-130
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• 1982

Studies were carried out to clarify the effect of ginsenoside-Rbl -Rbr and acid hydrolyzatps of ginsenoside-Rbl, -Rb2 (HRbl, HRbf) on lipolysis and lipogenesis induced by epinephrine, glucagon, ACTH (adrenocorticotrophic hormone), TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) and insulin in rat adipose tissilr. HRbl , HRb2 slightly inhibited lipolysis induced by epinephine. glucagon and TSH. ACTH-induced lipolysis in fat tissue slices was significantly inhibited by ginsenoside -Rbl, -Rb2, HRbl and HRb2, particulary HRb2. None of ginsenoside-Rbl, -Rb2, HRbl and HRb2 accelerated insulin-stimulated lipogenesis in fat calls. Among ginseng products, extract powder (freeze dried), extract powder (spray dried), red ginseng powder inhibited ACTH-induced lipolysis in adipose tissue slices, but red ginseng extract not affect them.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.60-68
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• 2019

연구목적 갑상선관련 호르몬과 인지기능의 상관 유무는 논란이 되고 있다. 알츠하이머병과 경도인지장애 환자에서 갑상선관련 호르몬 농도에 차이가 있는지 비교해 보고, 나아가 갑상선관련 호르몬 농도가 인지기능의 어떠한 영역과 관련이 있는지에 대해 연구해보고자 하였다. 방 법 2011년 1월부터 2018년 12월까지 기억력 저하를 주소로 일산백병원 정신건강의학과 치매클리닉을 방문하여 알츠하이머병(NINCDS-ADRDA 진단기준)과 경도인지장애(Petersen 진단기준) 으로 진단된 105명의 환자를 대상으로 한 후향적 연구이다. 갑상선관련 호르몬[삼요오드티로닌(Triiodothyronine, T3), 티록신(Thyroxine, T4), 갑상선 자극 호르몬(Thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH)]의 측정은 화학발광면역측정법을 사용하여 검사하였다. 알츠하이머병군과 경도인지장애군 간의 갑상선관련 호르몬의 평균치 분석을 위하여 독립표본 t-검정을 시행하였다. 갑상선관련 호르몬이 전반적 퇴화 척도(Global deterioration scale, GDS), 치매임상평가척도(Clinical dementia rating, CDR) 및 한국형 임상치매평가척도(The Korean version of the consortium to establish a registry for Alzheimer's disease, CERAD-K)의 각 항목 별 점수들과 유의한 상관이 있는지 알아보기 위하여 한국판 노인우울척도(Geriatric depression scale-Korean version, GDS-K)를 통제변수로하여 편상관분석을 시행하였다. 결 과 총 105명의 환자 중 알츠하이머병군은 74명, 경도인지장애군은 31명이었다. 알츠하이머병군과 경도인지장애군 간 혈청 T3, T4, TSH 농도의 평균은 모두 유의한 차이가 없었으나, CERAD-K 항목 중 구성행동 검사(Construction praxis test, CPT)가 혈청 TSH 농도와 유의한 양의 상관 관계를 보였다(p-value=0.004). 결 론 본 연구에서 실행기능과 연관된 CPT가 혈청 TSH 농도와 유의한 양의 상관 관계를 보인 것은 갑상선관련 호르몬과 치매의 병태생리와의 연관성에 대한 이해에 도움을 줄 수 있다고 생각한다. 향후 갑상선관련 호르몬이 인지기능에 미치는 병태생리 기전에 관한 전향적 연구들이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.53-60
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• 1980

The radioimmunoassay of TSH (human thyrotropin) was performed by utilizing anti-h-TSH antibody and purified human thyrotropin supplied from Daiichi Radioisotope company in Japan. From Jan. 1978 through Aug. 1980 the serum concentration of TSH was measured on 41 cases with various thyroid diseases, and 22 normal persons. Among 41 cases, 9(22%) were primary hypothyroidism, 17(41%) Graves' disease, 8(20%), subacute or chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, and 7(17%) nodular goiter. The results were as follows: 1) The normal values of serum TSH in 22 cases of control group were $4.2{\pm}1.7{\mu}U/ml(1.9-7.4{\mu}U/ml)$, which were within normal range in kit used in this study. 2) The serum TSH concentration in 9 cases with primary hypothroidism were $97.1{\pm}116.4{\mu}U/ml(14.0-300{\mu}U/ml)$, which were significantly elevated as compared with normal control values. 3) The serum TSH concentration in 17 cases with Graves' disease were $1.5{\pm}0.6{\mu}U/ml(1.0-2.5{\mu}U/ml)$, which were below than normal control. 4) The serum TSH concentration in 8 cases with subacute or chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. revealed wide ranges ($1.6-220{\mu}U/ml$) according to the state of thyroid function. 5) The serum TSH values in 7 cases with nodular goiters were $2.3{\pm}2.0{\mu}U/ml$, which were strictly within normal levels. 6) The serum TSH levels were elevated during prolonged treatment with Tapazole (Methimazole) without serial check of the serum TSH concentration in Graves' disease, so the serial measurement of serum TSH concentration was considered of available index of thyroid states.

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2002년도 제38회 학술심포지움
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• pp.61-67
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• 2002

ERp29는 ER chaperone의 한 종류이지만 아직까지 세포내에서 그 기능은 명확하지 않다. 배양 갑상선세포 (FRTL-5)에서 ERp29의 발현은 TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) 의존적으로 조절되며, ERp29가 과발현된 세포에서는 ERp29-ER chaperone가 긴밀한 관계를 유지하여 분비단백질인 Thyroglobulin의 분비량이 약 30% 증가되었다.