• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.241-245
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• 1998

The plunging ranula or cervical ranula is amucous extravasation cyst of the sublingual gland. It is slightly common in females, shows no side preference, and is more prevalent in the second and third decades of life. It typically manifests as a painless, nonmobile swelling in the neck. The pathogenesis of plunging ranula is the discontinuities of the mylohyoid muscle in a position that would allow extravasation of sublingual gland mucin. The histologic appearance is characteristically of a cyst, devoid of epithelium or endothelium, with a vascular fibro-connective tissue wall containing some chronic inflammatory cells and macrophages stuffed with mucin. The correct diagnosis is essential for the most effective treatment, which is exicision of the sublingual gland. The plunging ranula must be differentiated clinically and histomorphologically from thyroglossal duct cyst, dermoid cyst, branchogenic cyst, lymphangioma, laryngocele, lipoma, hemangioma, cervial thymic cyst, cysts of the parathyroid or thyroid gland, lymphadenopathy, abscess, or tumor. We report a case and review the literatures, in our case, 23-year old man were diagnosis as plunging ranula after have been taken sialogam, MRI, etc. He underwent surgery via a cervical approach. The ranula reached the anterior neck by passing through a dehiscence in the mylohyoid muscle. A pseudocyst was extirpated. Although total sublingual gland excision was not performed, no recurrence was observed during 6 months follow-up periods.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.103-108
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• 2014

Thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) carcinoma generally shows a favorable prognosis. If metastasis is present latently, it may not threaten the patient's life immediately. It has been shown, however, that larger than 1 cm papillary carcinoma (PC), level VI metastasis to the lymph node (LN), which is the nearest to the thyroid, independently predicts a worse prognosis. In the case presented herein, a 61-year-old female patient was diagnosed with an about 3 cm PC in the TGDC, particularly the columnar variant subtype, one of the aggressive variants. She had occult papillary thyroid microcarcinoma, but no LN metastasis. Even though she underwent the Sistrunk procedure and total thyroidectomy with central compartment neck dissection followed by high-dose radioactive iodine remnant ablation, however, the cancer cells spread to level IV neck LN, and finally to the lung. Therefore, when a patient is diagnosed with an aggressive histologic variant of PC in the TGDC, even without LN metastasis, the invasive surgical approach and close postoperative surveillance are necessary, with consideration of the risk of disease progression. Therefore, if it is possible to stratify the risk for patients, higher-risk patients can be offered a more invasive therapeutic approach.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.43-48
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• 2004

Background and Objectives : Globus pharyngeus is the feeling of a lump or foreign body in the throat. Otolaryngologists are often confronted with this condition, and some author reported that it represents 3 percent of all new clinic referral. The purpose of this study is to estimate the incidence of impalpable thyroid lesion in patients with globes pharyngeus and investigate possible association between globus pharyngeus and thyroid lesions. Material and Method : 146 patients with globus pharyngeus and 30 controls were prospectively examined by high resolution ultrasound. Results: Thyroid abnormalities were present in $75/146(51\%)$ patients with globus pharyngeus and in $7/30(23\%)$ controls. Of the patients with globus, 55 patients had a nodule or nodules, 11 patients had a cyst or cysts, 9 patients had diffuse abnormalities. Solitary nodule ranged from 4mm to 20mm. Conclusion : Impalpable, ultrasound detectable thyroid abnormailities are significantly more common in patients with globus pharyngeus than in controls. The thyroid abnormalities may be the cause of globus symptoms in some patients, and high resolution ultrasound is an important modality in patients presenting with globus.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.113-116
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• 2010

The initial presentation of distant metastases in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma is quite rare. Most distant metastases are solid nodular lesions. A 67-year-old man who complained of severe dyspnea underwent surgery due to a large mediastinal cystic mass compressing the trachea and great vessels. Pathologically, the cystic mass was a metastatic thyroid papillary carcinoma. The thyroid evaluations were compatible with a well differentiated thyroid carcinoma. An occult thyroid carcinoma presenting as a large mediastinal cystic lesion is extremely rare.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.54-60
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• 1998

Objectives: We'd like to give help in diagnosis and treatment of children's thyoid tumor through our clinical experiences and reference consideration. Materials and Methods: The authors report their experiences with 33 cases of thyroid tumor in patients younger than 16 years of age who were treated at Presbyterian Medical Center from 1979 to 1995. Results: 1) Girls were more predominant than boys by a ratio of 5.6:1. The peak incidence was in the 15 years old of age. 2) The final diagnosis in the 33 patients were thyroid carcinoma in 12 cases, nodular goiter in 6 cases, adenoma in 6 cases, Graves disease in 4 cases, Hasimoto's disease in 4 cases and cyst in 1 case. 3) All of 12 patients with thyroid cancer had nodular tumor. 4) In 5 of 6 patients with palpable cervical lymphadenopathy, the final diagnosis was thyroid carcinoma. 5) Delayed diagnosis arose in 6 of 12 thyroid carcinomas which were treated for long periods as benign disease. 6) The surgical procedures were total thyroidectomy in 3 cases, subtotal thyroidectomy in 13 cases and thyroid lobectomy in 17 cases. 7) 11 of 12 patients with thyroid carcinoma had subtotal or total thyroidectomy with lymphnode dissection and only one had lobectomy. 8) The overall rate of postoperative complication was 3%(1 of 33 patient). 9) Postoperative $^{131}I$ therapy was done in 7 case because of recurrence and distant metastasis in six and severe local invasion in one. 10) In thyroid cancer, the metastatic rate of lymph node at initial surgery was 81%(9/11) and rate of recurrence was 50%(6/12). 11) Patients with thyroid carcinoma were followed up for a mean of 12 years but only one died as a result of thyroid carcinoma 3.5 years later. Conclusion: The authors suggest that thyroid tumors in childhood should receive the benifit of joint management by endocrine pediatrician and experianced surgeons with an agreed protocol of diagnosis and management. We, also, recommend aggressive surgical and $^{131}I$ treatment as the most effective regimen for children with thyroid carcinoma.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.234-243
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• 1993

The thyroid nodules are the most common endocrine disease requiring surgical management. Up to date, various diagnostic techniques and surgical management have been developed. Authors analysed 2285 cases of thyroid nodules who were treated at Department of Surgery, Pusan National University for the duration of 10 years from January 1980 to December 1989 and the results obtained were summerized as follows: 1) Patients were composed of 1727 cases(75.8%) of benign nodule and 558 cases(24.5%) of malignant nodule. Benign nodule was prevalent in forth and fifth decade comparing with malignant nodule was sixth and fifth decade. The sexual distribution revealed female preponderance with 1:10.8 in benign nodule and 1:9.3 in malignant nodule. 2) The histopathologic classfication of benign nodule in decreasing order of frequency were follicular adenoma 1009 cases(54.8%), adenomatous goiter 573 cases(33.3%), simple cyst 65 cases(3.8%), and Hashimoto's thyroiditis 52 cases(3.0%). The malignant disease were papillary adenocarcinoma 460 cases(82.4%), follicular adenocarcinoma 69 cases(12.4%), undifferentiated carcinoma 13 cases (2.0%), and medullary carcinoma 7 cases(1.0%). 3) Fine needle aspiration cytology was performed in 1758 cases and it showed 80.5% of sensitivity, 96.5% of specificity, 19.5% of false negative and 80% of accuracy. 4) The location of nodule was 87.7%, in unilateral, 12.2% in bilateral. 5) On the radioiodine scanning, the incidence of benign nodule with cold nodule was 83.9% and the incidence of benign nodule with hot nodule was 7.5%. The incidence of thyroid carcinoma with cold nodule was 88.3% and the incidence of thyroid carcinoma with hot nodule was 4.6%. 6) Most cases of benign nodules were treated with lobectomy 82.6%, subtotal thyroidectomy 10.1% and subtotal lobectomy 3.0%. Malignant nodules were treated with lobectomy and/or isthmusectomy 37.6%, total thyroidectomy 17.7%, subtotal thyroidectomy 15.4%, and any thyroidectomy and neck dissection 13.5%. 7) Postoperative complications were developed in 3.8% of benign nodules and 13.8% of malignant nodules.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.51-54
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• 2013

False vocal fold hypertrophy caused by diverse pathologic lesion, such as laryngeal amyloidosis, laryngeal lipidosis, laryngocele, saccular cyst and sulcus vocalis. False vocal fold hypertrophy, however, is also caused laryngeal structure deformity, irrespective of pathologic lesions. In this article, we report some cases of false vocal fold hypertrophy caused by inward bowing of thyroid cartilage. At the clinic of the department of otorhinolaryngology in Gangnam Severance Hospital, with 3 male complained of hoarseness as subjects, and comfirmed of false vocal fold hypertrophy using the stroboscopy and larynx CT we checked vocal fold and laryngeal structure. Three patients with apparent hypertrophy of false vocal fold were investigated with computerized tomography (CT). In all patients, marked concavity of thyroid cartilage was revealed in CT scan at the level of the false vocal fold, and this deformity of the thyroid cartilage seemed to cause a protrusion of false vocal fold which taken as hypertrophy in stroboscopy. Careful palpation of the larynx and a CT scan taken at the level of the false vocal fold should be useful in determining whether hypertrophy of the false vocal fold is pathologic. For the next articles, It is necessary to discuss for the cause, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of inward bowing of thyroid cartilage.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.85-90
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• 1990

Midline neck masses have numerous origin and it is important to diagnose correctly for management. A clinical analysis of 29 cases of midline neck masses confirmed by histopathological examination was done retrospectively during the last 5 years. The results were followings; 1) Of 29 cases, thyroglossal duct cyst was most frequent(17 cases, 58.6%) and non-specific lymphadenopathy was the next(4 cases, 13.8%). 2) Midline neck masses were most frequent on the suprahyoid area(12 cases, 41.4%) and hyoid area was the next(7 cases, 24.1%). 3) Two thyroglossal duct carcinoma was included in 17 thyroglossal duct cyst. 4) Seventy percent of thyroglossal duct cyst was present on hyoid and infrahyoid area.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1968

Presented here are the results for clinical study on 65 cases of simple goiter the author treated during the period of 4 years and 10 months from Jan. 1963 through Oct. 1967 at the Seoul National University Hospital and Han-Il Hospital. It had been customary to classify simple goiter, according to the gross morphological characteristics of the thyroid gland, as diffuse and nodular type. This paper attempts to investigate the histopathological changes and treatment of simple goiter respectively. Sixty five cases of simple goiter were classified into 4 types; namely degenerative type was 20 cases (30.8%), proliferative type was 7 cases (10..8%), colloidal type was 24 cases (36.9%) and cyst formation with degeneration was 14 cases (21.5%), on the basis of histopathological findings. Thus, it is essential that simple goiter should be differentiated from thyroid tumors as soon as practicable. The effectiveness of medical treatment with desicated thyroid and autohemotherapy for certain simple goiter are also discussed.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.62-68
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• 1990

Intraosseous carcinoma of the jaw may arise as metastatic lesions most commonly from breast, lung, kindney and thyroid and also primarily occur from ameloblastoma or odontogenic cyst. Rarely primary intraosseous carcinoma could be originated from the epithelium involved in odontogenesis. According to WHO's classification, primary intraosseous carcinoma is defined as squamous cell carcinoma, occured in the Jaw without connection to the oral mucosa. However, Elzay defined primary intraosseous carcinoma as malignant epithelial tumor related to the odontogenic apparatus, including carcinoma ex-odontogenic cyst, carcinoma ex-ameloblastoma and carcinoma de novo. We experienced 2 cases of intraosseous carcinoma of the jaw. The first case, a 59-year-old man, showed a ill-defined mass on the left maxilla, measuring $8{\times}10cm$ in size. He received radical hemimaxillectomy and was diagnosed as ameloblastic carcinoma. The second case obtained from a 79-year-old woman showed a ill-defined $6{\times}8cm$ sized mass on the left mandibular body area. The mass was surgically removed by partial mandibulaectomy, which was diagnosed as the primary intraosseous carcinoma, probably odontogenic origin.